1. GRADE 4 NS AND TECHNOLOGY
Grade 4 Activity 1 MAY 2020
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Solids, liquids and gases
1. Sorting examples of common materials into solids, liquids and gases including wood, stone,
plastic, fabric, water, juice, tea, air, cooking oil, cooking gas, and describing them.
Solids Liquids Gases
Grade 4 Activity 1 MAY 2020
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The states of matter are solids, liquids and gases
1. Compare the three states of matter solids, liquids and gases.
Solid Liquid Gas

2. Grade 4 Investigation MAY 2020
Change of state
• investigating evaporating, condensing, freezing and melting using water and ice
Method
1. Put the ice blocks on the saucer and observe them.
a. Is the ice liquid or solid?
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b. Touch the ice. Does it feel warm or cold?
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2. Put the blocks of ice in the beaker.
3. Put hot water into the pot. Put the beaker of ice blocks into the hot water.
a. What happens to the ice blocks?
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b. Why does this happen?
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4. Take the beaker out of the pot. Your teacher will heat the water until it boils.
a. What do you observe above the boiling water?
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b. Explain this observation.
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c.How can you change the water back into ice?
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d.What is this process called?
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e. What do we call the process of changing liquid to solid?
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f. What do we call the process of changing liquid to gas?
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g. What do we call the process of changing solid to liquid?
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h. What do we call the process of changing gas to liquid?
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You need: a saucer; blocks of ice; beaker or glass; hot water; small pot or other
heatproof container; sheet of glass or plastic wrap.

3. Grade 4 Activity 1 MAY 2020
1. Identifying solids, liquids and gases
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Work in pairs
2. Look at the pictures of the different substances below and decide if they are solids,
liquids or gases.
3. Use the table below place a tick () in the right column.
Substance Solid Liquid Gas
Glass of water
Ice blocks
Steam from kettle
Rock
Lava from volcano
Gold bars
Wind

4. Grade 4 Activity 1 MAY 2020
REVISION:
Solids, liquids and gases
1. List the three states of matter.
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2. Describe what happens to solid ice when it is heated.
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3. Below are the definitions of each of the three states of matter. They are placed
in the wrong order. Match the right letter to the number and draw a line from one
to the next.
Column A Column B Column C
1. Liquid A. Has a definite shape and takes up a
definite space on the surface
1.
2. Solid B. Has no definite shape and spreads in the
space
2.
3. Gas C. Has no definite shape and takes the
shape of a container.
3.

5. Grade 4 Activity 1 MAY 2020
Heating and cooling to cause a change of state
MATERIALS (What you will need)
• Kettle
• Liquid water
• Glass or mirror
• Gloves or towel
INSTRUCTIONS (What you have to do):
1. This activity could be quite dangerous as you might burn yourself with the hot water,
so your teacher is going to demonstrate it for you.
2. Boil the water in the kettle.
3. Put a glass or mirror 30 cm above the boiling kettle (you need to wear gloves made of
thick material or use a towel to avoid burning your skin)
4. Your teacher will then let you come up to see what is taking place. Make sure you
have a look at the mirror.
QUESTIONS:
1. What was the change of state when the water boiled and became steam?
2. You cannot actually see the steam. The steam is extremely hot and quickly cools
and forms tiny droplets in the air. When the steam changes into tiny water
droplets, what is this called?
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6. 60
50
40
30
20
0
10
0
0
Grade 4 Practical task May 2020
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Change of state
• investigating melting and solidifying using different substances such as butter/ fat/
margarine, wax, ice-cream, chocolate.
Method
1. Place a square of chocolate, a cube of butter and block of candle wax in separate
beakers or pans.
2. Heat the materials one at a time.
3. Measure the temperature of each material as soon as it melts.
4. Leave the material to coal down.
5. Measure the temperature at which each material solidifies.
6. Copy the table to record your results. {6}
Material Melting temperature Solidifying temperature
7. Record your results in a bar graph.
a. Copy the framework below.
Temperature°C
Materials

7. b. Draw one bar for chocolate, one bar for butter and one bar for candle wax. Make
each bar as long as the temperature at which the substance melted.
c. Make each bar 2 cm wide. Leave a gap of 1 cm between each bar.
d. Label your bars Chocolate and Butter and Candle wax.
e. Write a heading for your bar graph. {8}
Answer the following questions:
1. Which material has the highest melting point? {1}
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2. Which material has the lowest melting point? {1}
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3. a. Are these materials solid at room temperature? {1}
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b. Name two other materials solid at room temperature? {2}
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4. Which material needs the most heat to melt? {1}
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TOTAL: 20

8. Grade 4 Activity 4 MAY 2020
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The water cycle
Water evaporates, condenses, freezes and melts in the water cycle
1. Drawing and writing about the water cycle.
• The Sun's heat causes water to evaporate from the seas, streams, rivers and lakes.
• The water vapour rises into the air.
• Higher up where the air is cooler, water vapour condenses into millions of water
droplets which form cloud.
• When the water droplets in the clouds get bigger, some of the water falls as rain. The
science word for this process is precipitation.
• In other clouds which become really cold, the water vapour freezes and forms snow.
The snow falls down to the ground and melts.
• Some runoff water that falls to the ground flows down the rivers to the seas.
Rain
Rain
Melts
Freezes

9. Grade 4 Activity 5 April 2020
Raw and manufactured materials
• Reading about how paper is made from plant fibers

10. Grade 4 class work
The Papermaking Process
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Read through the diagram again that the Thunderbolt Kids were given at the paper
mill and the notes that Tom wrote down.
2. Answer the questions below.
QUESTIONS:
1. What are some of the final products that paper can be made into?
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2. What species of trees are mostly used to make paper?
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3. What is pulp made of?
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4. What does "debarked" mean?
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5. What is a landfill site?
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6. Arrange the processes in the process of papermaking in the correct way.
A. Chips go into the pulp mill.
B. Wood logs are transported by trucks
C. Pulp flows to the paper mill.
D. Paper is transported to buyers who make other paper products.
E. The pressed and dried pulp is rolled or cut into sheets as paper.
F. Wood is harvested from trees growing in a plantation.
G. Pulp is washed, bleached and cleaned and dried.
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11. Grade 4 Activity 6 May 2020
Properties of materials dbe page 158
• describing the properties of raw and manufactured materials
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Grade 4 Activity 7 May 2020
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Ways to strengthen materials
• investigating which shape of pillar is the strongest (can support the most weight).
Draw a bar graph of the results-Page 83, 84 and 85
Grade 4 Activity 8 May 2020
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Ways to strengthen materials
• making paper struts by rolling into long thin tubes (struts) page 90 and 91
Grade 4 Activity 9 May 2020
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Struts and frame structures
• looking at pictures of frame structures strengthened with struts. Page 94

12. Grade 4 Activity 10 May 2020
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Struts and frame structures
• exploring ways to join struts to make a strong structure (joining struts into triangular
and square shapes) page 96
Grade 4 Activity 11 May 2020
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Designing, making and evaluating a strong structure using tubular struts, such as a
model of a tower, bridge, pylon, chair [This can be used as a possible project]
Check the learner’s knowledge and that they can:
• distinguish between solids, liquids and gases
• explain how selected materials may change their state
• explain the water cycle in terms of change of state of water
• give examples of raw materials used to make manufactured materials
• describe the properties of raw and manufactured materials
• demonstrate ways of strengthening materials
• demonstrate ways of making and joining paper struts
• design, make and evaluate a strong structure