Useful for IX CBSE students. Strictly made according to PSA syllabus.

1. Kinds of Clauses
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Nageswar Rao. A
English Teacher.
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K.V. Madhusudan
Resource Person (English)
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2. A clause is a combination of words which has a subject and a
predicate, but which is a part of sentence.
You can drive my car as long as you drive cautiously.
In the above sentence “as long as you drive cautiously” is a
part of a larger sentence and does not give a complete
meaning it self. It depends upon the clause “You can drive my
car” to give a complete meaning.
The above sentence has two types of clauses. They are
Principal Clause and Subordinate Clause.
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3. A clause which stands by itself and makes a complete sense
is called Principal Clause or Main Clause or Independent
Clause.
A clause which cannot stand by itself and cannot make a
complete sense is called the Subordinate or Dependent
Clause.
Dependent Clauses act in three different ways.
 Adjective Clause (Relative)
 Adverb Clause
 Noun Clause.
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4. Adjective Clause:
An Adjective Clause is a dependent clause that acts as an
adjective. They are introduced by special words called
relative pronouns or relative adverbs.
The woman who looked happy danced.
‘who looked happy’ is a dependent clause, whole clause is
functioning like an adjective modifying the noun ‘woman’.
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5. An Adverb Clause is a dependent clause that acts as an
adverb. They are introduced by special words called
‘subordinating conjunctions’.
I come to see you because I love you.
‘Because I love you’ is a dependent Adverb Clause, the whole
clause is functioning as an adverb modifying the verb ‘come’.
While I was crossing the busy road, I saw Mohan.
No sooner did the teacher enter the class, all the students
stood up.
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6. A noun clause is a dependent clause that acts as a noun.
Sometimes, these are introduced by special words called
Noun Clauses.
Whatever you want is fine with me.
‘Whatever you want’ is dependent clause that acts as the
subject of the sentence.
It seems that he is a fool.
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