1. WHAT IS PENICILLIN?
Penicillin (sometimes abbreviated PCN or pen) is a
group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium
fungi, including penicillin G, procaine
penicillin, benzathine penicillin, and penicillin V.
Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant
because they are the first drugs that were effective
against many previously serious diseases, such as
syphilis, and infections caused by staphylococci
and streptococci. All penicillins are β-lactam
antibiotics and are used in the treatment of bacterial
infections caused by susceptible, usually grampositive, organisms.

2. PRODUCTION OF PENICILLIN
Discovered by accident in 1928 by Alexander
Fleming
During world war II importance realized, as
penicillin had been used to treat many wounded
soldiers.

3. HOW PENICILLIN WORKS?
-Resembles a protein needed for production of cell
wall.
-Penicillin binds to cell wall of bacteria, prevent
peptide chains.

4. MOA OF PENICILLIN
All penicillin like antibiotics inhibit
sythensis of peptidoglycan, an essential part of the
cell wall.
they do not interfere with the sythensis of other
intracellular components.
These antibiotics do not affect human cells
because human cells do not have cell walls.

5. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLITES
Primary metabolites are produced during active
cell growth, and secondary metabolites are
produced near the onset of stationary phase.