Different models of the Solar System and how beliefs influenced them, How evidence from observations helps improve models, How scientists get evidence about the Universe now

1. 6.4 What can you see? October 17, 2010 A man and his son were in a car crash. The father died, but the son was critically injured and rushed to hospital. When he reached the operating table, the doctor on duty looked at him and said ‘Oh goodness, it's my son!’ How can this be?

2. Student target Teacher Comment % Level Lesson Learning outcomes Before Learned Revised 6.2 I can look up data in tables. (Level 4) 6.2 I can explain that there is no friction in Space. (Level 4) 6.2 I can remember that gravity holds planets in orbit around the Sun, and the Moon and satellites in orbit around the Earth. (Level 4) 6.3 I can describe the uses of some satellites. (Level 4) 6.4 I can describe how models of the Solar System have changed over time. (Level 4) 6.4 I can describe the current model of the Solar System. (Level 4) 6.5 I can describe weight as a force. (Level 4) 6.6 I can explain how scientists use models to describe things (Level 4) 6.2 I can explain how to improve the accuracy of experiments. (Level 5) 6.2 I can explain how friction affects the motion of objects. (Level 5) 6.2 I can explain how to take measurements accurately. (Level 5) 6.3 I can explain the difference between natural and artificial satellites. (Level 5) 6.4 I can explain why the Sun seems to move across the sky. (Level 5) 6.5 I can calculate weight from mass. (Level 5) 6.6 I can describe the motion of objects under simple conditions. (Level 5) 6.3 I can relate the properties of a satellite to its use. (Level 6) 6.4 I can relate observations in history to Solar System models. (Level 6) 6.5 I can describe the use of gravity meters to explore underground. (Level 6) 6.2 I can explain the link between the gravitational attraction of an object and force and distance. (Level 7) 6.3 I can describe the way that gravitational attraction causes satellites to orbit. (Level 7) 6.5 I can explain how a gravity meter works. (Level 7) 6.6 I can describe the motion and gravitational affects of spacecraft visiting the Moon from Earth. (Level 7) 6.2 I can discuss Cavendish’s experiment in detail. (Level 8) 6.3 I can describe the relationship between orbital speed, distance and gravitational attraction. (Level 8) 6.3 I can describe the relationship between planet size, distance from Sun and surface conditions.(Level 8) 6.6 I can explain the limitations and uses of a variety of models. (Level 8)

24. This was first proposed by______________. It drew on Galileo’s and Copernicus’ claim that_________________________. Newton believed that it was ____________________________. It required the understanding that ____________________________

25. This was first proposed by… ( Newton ). It drew on Galileo’s claim that…( the Earth orbits the Sun ). Newton believed that it was ( natural forces not gods that lead to planetary motion ). It required the understanding that… ( gravitational forces act through space, the Earth is a sphere ).