Artificial intelligence intervention in education systems of india an analysis

AI Intervention in Education Systems
of India: An Analysis
Mrinmoy Roy
Research Scholar, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab
ICMCER – 30th - 31st July, 2020
Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Ayutthaya, Thailand

A Brief Biography: Qualified PhD candidate with 12 years of Sales & Marketing experience in Pharmaceutical Industry. Pursuing research on
Digital Health, AI, ML, Telemedicine acceptance model, operations and marketing with strong academic rigor for fulfilment of PhD thesis
submission. Conducting classroom orientations on Marketing, Business Management, Company case studies & Brand Management workshops.
Excellent understanding of business administration and marketing. Complete knowledge of the current business trends and procedures.
Familiarity with the concept of teaching and working with youngsters. Skilled in delivering lectures in classroom to a large number of students.
Ability to solve problems of students and provide them guidance and study resources. Ability to assist senior lecturers and contribute in modifying
college curriculum. Interested in Academic assignments such as research oriented studies, interdisciplinary research, market research, lecturer
ship & visiting faculty positions.
Currently other published/ accepted Papers:
1. 'Digital Health Evolution and propagation in Rural Healthcare in India: A Review' to be published in an edited book named "Inclusive
Rural Development in India" by Knowledge Publications
2. 'A Concept based Smart Healthcare Project for patients with Non Communicable Disease according to ‘New Normal’ post COVID-19
(SHP-NCD)' presented in International Webinar on Recent Advances in Science and Technology during the Coronavirus Pandemic
‘IRSTCP-2020’ organized by BIT Mesra on 18th – 20th July 2020.
3. ‘AI Based IOT Systems for Smart Healthcare in India: A Concept based Approach’ to be presented in International Conference on
Internet of Things, Big Data Analytics and Information Technology (ICITBDIT) on 21st Aug 2020
Mrinmoy Roy
D.Pharm, B.Pharm, M.B.A. (International Business), PhD (Pursuing)
Product Manager (Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Mumbai, India)
+91-9886345519 https://www.linkedin.com/in/mrinmoy-roy/ mroy2612@gmail.com

Introduction:
• Starting from e-commerce to
healthcare and now
education, irrespective of
sector, the intervention of AI
has increased by many-fold.
• Artificial Intelligence is
defined as the capability of a
machine to mimic intelligent
human behavior.

• Each and every decision that we
make is now data-driven. The
best example of the same is the
online recommendations that we
receive while surfing retail
websites such as Amazon or
eBay.
• It is the Machine learning
technology that recommends our
products based on our previous
purchases.

Background:
• According to the statistics given by the
Human Resource & Development
(HRD)Ministry of India in 2016, there is a
shortage of 1 million teachers across the
country.
• In the case of Universities and Colleges,
there is a chronic shortage of faculty and the
problem of finding qualified people to fill
this gap has become even more complicated.
• In such a scenario, how can India, a country
with the second largest population in the
world, cope with the challenge of providing
quality education to all ?

Advantage India:
• By 2030, India will have the largest number of young
people in the globe, a population size which will be a
boon only if these young people are skilled enough to
join the workforce.
• The current government expenditure on education is less
than 3% of the GDP and the pupil-teacher ratio for
elementary school stands at 24:1, lower than that of
comparable countries such as Brazil and China. Further,
with the rapidly increasing population and dwindling
resources, it would not be possible to match the demand
for teachers.

Streamlining Education System
• The best examples of AI that we know of are
‘Cortana’ by Windows, ‘Siri’ by Apple and ‘Alexa’
by Amazon. These are voice recognition systems
that can imitate human intelligence. These systems
are not only helping us to gain knowledge but also to
enhance our decision-making ability.
• This technology is also known as machine learning
which has been used in certain areas to track vital
issues pertaining to education. For example, the
Andhra Pradesh government has conducted an
experiment in 17 districts. One of them is
Visakhapatnam.

• An application based on Machine learning
technology collected and analyzed the data of
students related to various dynamics such as
academic performance, the reason for school
dropouts, quality, and skills of teachers, social
demographics, gender, etc.
• This application has found predictive patterns
such as probable students who would drop out.
The state government has acquired a list of
thousands of students who might drop out from
the schools in the academic year of 2018-2019.
• Such experiments are a proof of AI working as a
catalyst in streamlining the education system and
helping institutions make better decisions.
• But to achieve this goal, schools need to have
more data that can predict a student’s
ability/potential in a particular task. That’s when
big data and analytics come into play.

• For example, Imagine classrooms fitted with
cameras that capture each child's academic
interaction, social interaction, classroom
participation, levels of enthusiasm and
gravitas.
• Such data embedded in everyday real-time
activities, in schools, is a gold mine, which
through predictive analysis, will help improve
a child’s performance in academic as well as
non-academic activities to drive more
operational decisions.

• Indian students are warming up to edtech platforms to enhance their learning experience. As per
Wikibizpedia, in 2018, the edtech market size reached just below $550 Mn growing continuously at
a CAGR of 49%. The figure is projected to reach $1960 Mn by 2021.
• India is now believed to have over 4,000 edtech startups offering OTT mobile/desktop apps with
coaching for different subjects. These applications capture students’ imaginations by using the latest
technologies and cloud computing services.
• More importantly, these apps make education a high engagement activity for students and transform
learning significantly. Now being used by millions of students across the country, these edtech apps
are a rage among learners of all kinds. Indian students are ready, more than ever, to embrace tech-
influenced education.
• India has the potential to become a world leader in artificial intelligence but the key to this is
integrating AI into the country's education system in a massive way.
• The ability to build AI systems in Education in India at a very large scale, like of billion plus
people, then India can really leap frog and become the world's leader in artificial intelligence, in AI
skill and AI talent.
• It has been found that whenever classes worked into digital classrooms, children would sometimes
even forget to eat their lunch because they were so engrossed in learning.
The Scenario:

Source: PwC Analysis, 2018
Current Status:
• Tracxn suggests that over 300 Indian startups
use AI in their core product offering.
• About 11% of them are based in the
educational sphere.
• This is a strong sign of industries outside of
technology and ecommerce using AI in their
product offering.
• Out of all available AI-powered solutions
Machine Learning (100% of the participants)
& automated research and information
aggregation solutions (57% of the
participants) are found to be high-impact
applications in Education & teaching.

Source: Traxn & PwC Analysis, 2018
Current Status:
• Indian start-ups have collectively raised
$100Mn in last 3 years.
• Organizing several Global Hackathon since
2017 powered by companies like OpenEd.ai,
supported by NITI Aayog, IBM, Google
Developer Groups.
• NITI Aayog and Google join hands to develop
and augment the Education ecosystem along
with healthcare also.
is going to invest $10Bn
To reform & Education, Healthcare & creating Digital
Ecosystem in India
0
50
100
150
200
250
2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013
AI Companies funded year by year in India
AI Companies funded year by year in India Number of Companies
AI Companies funded year by year in India Funding in $ Mn
Raised $540 Mn
www.economictimes.com

Source: NDTV
Results:
• Facebook messenger chatbot for learning
Maths: Developed a conversational interface
where user can learn Maths concept by texting
a Bot. The Bot solves equations & recommends
related videos from Youtube.
• Text to narrated Films: Turns boring Text
into engaging videos with Audio Images &
Captions. Can generate videos from PDF/ Text
through topic identification & image search.
• Finds & download relevant images from
Google, exports them as video. The goal is to
make learning Fun & visual.
• ReadEx: ReadEx is an Intelligent document
reader app. This app creates Quiz, questions
automatically as user reads. Uses Natural
Language Processing (NLP).

At Toppr ML and AI maps out a student’s strengths and weaknesses.
Individual learning speeds and records are taken into consideration.
These tests are designed to boost a child’s confidence in areas they
excel in and challenge them in areas they don’t. This holistic approach
helps children remain motivated
EduGorilla is another company that uses AI to analyse Big Data in the
education industry in India. It analyses data from 600,000 schools and
70,000 plus coaching centres to provide top quality results for Indian
students. This enables them to be a one-stop shop for all things
education-based in India. Students can rely on one platform to have
their questions answered.
Robust AI stacks focused on content intelligence and automation,
behavioural recommendations and student intelligence, have redefined
the way Embibe impacted the lives of 15 million students across the
country. Also worked with more than 60 educational institutes in
enhancing the curriculum and learning systems via a PAAS model. This
platform employs a technique called relative quartile jump, which
assesses the knowledge of the student on a frequent basis.

About a year ago, Think & Learn Pvt. Ltd., which
operates the popular online tutoring app Byju’s,
acquired a Palo Alto company called Osmo, which
made educational games for young children. The
$120 million acquisition brought Byju’s a
complement of experts in artificial intelligence and
machine learning.
After 6 months, the Osmo-Byju’s collaboration
resulted in the launch of a new app, Disney Byju’s
Early Learn, aimed at children in grades 1-3. The
app, the result of Byju’s partnering Walt Disney
Company, taps many of Disney’s large franchise of
characters from movies such as Frozen and Cars.
Source: www.forbesindia.com

Way Forward:
One of the targets under the agenda of Quality Education says that by 2030, our nation must substantially
increase the supply of qualified teachers. While it may not be possible to fill the large demand-supply gap
that exists, it is possible that the teachers be made more efficient. Here are some ways AI can do so:
Real-time text to speech and text translation systems MHRD initiative under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyaan
to cater Education for all. DIKSHA and E-Pathshala available books are in HINDI can be tanslated to
other regional languages.
Biometric authentication: Mundane and support tasks of the teacher – attendance and other
administrative tasks- can be taken over by AI. For example, biometric authentication for the students can
be introduced and integrated with UDISE+ (Unified District Information System for Education) – an
application that is one of the largest Management Information Systems on School Education. Also
monitors quality of education.
Chatbots: In a country as diverse as India, integration of chatbots in the digital infrastructure or
availability via IVRS system education domain could be transformational – they could be trained on
subject matter and a good percentage of doubts of the students could be answered instantly, thereby
reducing current workload of teachers who could focus on more creative tasks.

Way Forward:
Automated grading: Machine learning methods such as Natural Language Processing could be used for
automated grading of assessments on a large scale on platforms such as DIKSHA, E-PATHSHALA and
SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds) - not just objective questions but
subjective ones as well. Automated creation of content is another field where AI can intervene – given
large sources of information on the internet, NLP techniques will be able to use Automatic Text
Summarization to create crisp content and publish them on these e-learning websites.
Personalization: When such content is in place on these e-learning platforms, personalized feedback and
recommendations at a large scale could be possible: Currently, it is not possible to provide individual
attention to every student. However, when content is created and graded by AI, it would ensure
personalized avenues of learning for the children by identifying pain points for the students and providing
recommendations accordingly. Essentially, educational infrastructure powered by AI would give each
student of India a personalized tutor.

Way Forward:
Supervised classification models to reduce drop-out rates: When AI systems provide personalized
feedback, we can curb the all India drop-out rates that stand at 4% at the primary level but rise to 20% in
higher education. As these personalized tutors continue to collect data points at each juncture in the
child's education journey, classification ML models could be used to predict the children at risk of
dropping out and proper redressal mechanisms can be put in place. A culmination of these activities
would help a higher education enrolment ratio and make sure a substantial proportion of adults achieve
literacy, mandates in line with targets under this SDG.
Pattern detection to increase Inclusiveness: Allowing the visually impaired users to be more
participative, but near real-time text to speech systems are allowing the mute to have active information
exchange. To support Inclusive Education for Children with Special Needs (CWSN) Children under the
Samagra Shiksha program of MHRD, children affected with autism, Parkinson's disease or any other
disease that results in a speech disorder could benefit by integration of machine learning models in the e-
learning websites that detect speech patterns, augment the speech by correcting mispronunciations or
broken words and then output the same in an audio or a text format.

To conclude, the education sector in India has opened and will continue to open multiple
avenues of AI intervention. It could be a difficult road for the nation to achieve the targets under
the SDG on Quality Education without harnessing this superpower, often believed to be the new
electricity for the 21st Century. A skilled workforce will be crucial if India must become a US$
5 Trillion economy by 2024.

Appendix:
• Niti Aayog 2018
• https://medium.com/opened-ai/readex-an-intelligent-reading-assistant-106f2e50bd9f
• PWC Analysis 2018
• Tracxn 2017
• www.embibe.com
• https://byjus.com/
• https://www.toppr.com/
• https://edugorilla.com/
• https://www.ndtv.com/
• https://www.wikibizpedia.com/
• www.forbesindia.com

Artificial intelligence intervention in education systems of india an analysis

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Artificial intelligence intervention in education systems of india an analysis