2. Snake Bite
• Snake bite is an injury caused by a bite from a snakes.
Often resulting in punctured wounds inflicted by the
animal’s “fangs”.
• The effect of snake bite depends on numerous
factors which is:-
1.species of snakes
2.the area of the body bitten
3.the amount of venom injected
4.the health condition oh the victim

3. Sign
 Most of the snake bite will have their local effect such
as:-
1. Minor pain and redness in over 90% of cases and
depending the sites.
2. Bites by vipers and cobras may extremely painful
with local tissues sometimes becoming tenders and
severely swollen within 5 minutes.

5. Symptoms
 The most commonly symptoms of snake bite is
overwhelming, panic and emotional instability which
may cause :-
1. nausea
2.vomitting
3.diarhea
4.vertigo
5.Fainting
6.cold and clamming skin.

6. -Treatment-
 Some of the common poisonous snakes in Malaysia are
Cobras, Vipers, Kraits and Sea Snakes.
Snakes bite can be treated in the following method:-
1. Have casualty lie down still and keep calm, keep heart
above level of wounded part to contain venom.
2. Wash wound well and pat dry with clean cotton swabs. Call
999 for ambulance.
3. lightly compress limb on wound with roller bandage to
immobilize injury.
4. Arranged immediately medical removal. If you know what
kind of snake it is, inform doctor or take snake along if killed.

7. Rat Snake
Short / Blood Python
Python curtus Paradise Tree Snake
Chrysopela paradisi

8. Pope's Pit-viper
Trimeresurus popeiorum
Reticulated Python
Python reticulatus
Reticulated Python
Python reticulatus

9. Oriental Whip Snake
Ahaetulla prasina
Yellow Lipped Sea Snake
Laticauda colubrina

10. Wagler's Pit Viper
Tropidolaemus wagleri
Mangrove Snake
Boiga dendrophila
Blue Malaysian Coral snake
Maticora bivirgata
Spotted Ground snake
Liopeltis baliodeirus

11. Scorpion Stings
 Stinging of scorpion may cause of cutaneuos
condition.
 Usually resulting pain, paresthesia and variable
swelling.
 The anatomical of the scorpion that deliver the sting
is called a “telson”.
 Most of the scorpions are dangerous to human,

12. Sign of a scorpion sting
 swelling and redness.
 Sweating
 vomiting.
 Abnormal head, neck and eye movement(twitching)

14. Symptom of a scorpion sting
 Muscle twitching and pain
 Numbness
 Breathing difficulties may occur
 Heart palpitations (heart beat quickly)
 Malaise, nausea
 Blurring of consciousness.

15.  Some people suffer severe pain when bitten by these
insect like creatures, and might suffer the loss of
breath. The treatment is as follow:-
1. Apply bandage near the affected area (higher part)
2. Apply a cool compression.
3. Have casualty take some pain killer pills and minimize
his/her movement. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) 1-2
tablets every 4 hours may be given to relieve pain.
Avoid aspirin and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin).
4. do not cut into the wound or apply suction

16. Types Of Scorpion In Malaysia.
BU Lychas mucronatus
CHE Chaerilus agilis
BU Mesobuthus extremus
BU Lychas flavimanus

17. CHE Chaerilus rectimanus EU Euscorpiops montanus
HE Liocheles australasiae
SCN Heterometrus longimanus borneensis

18. SCN Heterometrus spinifer
SCN Heterometrus petersii
BU Lychas hosei
BU Lychas shelfordi BU Isometrus maculatus
CHE Chaerilus cavernicola BU Isometrus zideki
CHE Chaerilus chapmani
CHE Chaerilus laevimanus
CHE Chaerilus ojangureni
CHE Chaerilus robinsoni
CHE Chaerilus sejnai
CHE Chaerilus tichyi
EU Dasyscorpiops grandjeani
HE Liocheles nigripes
HE Hormiops davidovi

19.  A bee sting are commonly known as a sting from a
bee(honey bee, sweat bee, and bumble bee).
 The sting from most of this species are quite painful
 It is important to differentiate a bee sting and insect
bite.
 It is also important to recognize that the venom or
toxing from stinging insect is quite different.
 The sting injection of apitoxin into a victim body is
accompanied by release of alarm pheromones, a
process which is accelerated if the bees fatally injured.

20. Sign and symptom of bee
sting
 A small, white spot where
the stinger punctured the
skin.
 A redness at the stung
area.
 Sharp burning pain in the
stung area.
 Possibly shock

21. Treatment for bee sting
 If the sting is embedded in the skin hold a pair of tweezers
close on the skin, grasp the sting and remove it.
 As bee stings react to acid, they can be treated by applying
some ammonia or soda.
 Once the stinger is removed, pain and swelling should be
reduced with a cold compress.
 Many traditional remedies have been suggested for bee
stings including damp pastes of tobacco, salt, baking soda,
meat, tenderizer,
toothpaste, clay, garlic, urine,onion,aspirin or even
application of copper coins.

22. Thank you 