Introduction to Distributed computing

1. Distributed Computing
BY :
Megha Yadav

2. Distributed Computing
• It is a system with multiple components located on different machines that
communicate and coordinate actions in order to appear as a single
coherent system to the end-user.
• It is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems.
• A distributed system is a system whose components are located on
different networked computers, which communicate and coordinate their
actions by passing messages to one another.

3. What is the difference between distributed
system and distributed computing?
• Distributed system: a collection of independent computers that are
connected with an interconnection network.
• Distributed computing: a method of computer processing in
which different parts of a computer program are run on two or
more computers that are communicating with each other over a network.

4. Functions of Distributed Computing
• Resource sharing -hardware, software or data can be shared.
• Fault tolerance - failures in parts of the system be detected and recovered.
• Concurrency - multiple machines can process the same function at the same time.
• Scalability - computing and processing capabilities multiply when extended to
many machines.
• Transparency - access does one node have to locate and communicate with other
nodes in the system.

5. Examples of Distributed Computing
• 1: Telecommunication networks:
Telephone network and cellular network
• 2: Network Applications:
World Wide Web
Distributed Database and and Distributed Database Management system
• 3: Real-Time Process Control:
aircraft control systems
Industrial control System
• 4: Parallel Computation:
Scientific Computing , including Cluster, grid and cloud computing .

6. Advantages of Distributed Computing
• Reliability, high fault tolerance: A system crash on one server does not affect other
servers.
• Scalability: In distributed computing systems you can add more machines as needed.
• Flexibility: It makes it easy to install, implement and debug new services.
• Fast calculation speed: A distributed computer system can have the computing power of
multiple computers, making it faster than other systems.
• Openness: Since it is an open system, it can be accessed both locally and remotely.
• High performance: Compared to centralized computer network clusters, it can provide
higher performance and better cost performance.

7. Disadvantages of Distributed Systems
• Difficult troubleshooting: Troubleshooting and diagnostics are more
difficult due to distribution across multiple servers.
• Less software support: Less software support is a major drawback of
distributed computer systems.
• High network infrastructure costs: Network basic setup issues, including
transmission, high load, and loss of information.
• Security issues: The characteristics of open systems make data security and
sharing risks in distributed computer systems.