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CENTRO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA DE MATO GROSSO
                  UNIVERSIDADE ABERTA DO BRASIL

        R E V I SÃO DE C O NC E I T O S (U NI D. I I I )
    1. Conceitos básicos:


      1.1. Algoritmo: “processo de cálculo; encadeamento das ações necessárias ao
cumprimento de uma tarefa; processo efetivo, que produz uma solução para um problema num
número finito de etapas” (Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa).
      Embora pareça complicado, o conceito de algoritmo nos é bastante familiar. Todos os dias
estamos executando algoritmo. Isto significa que a palavra se aplica não só aos computadores,
mas também a procedimentos humanos.
      Exemplos:
             1. Receita culinária
             2. Instruções para uso de um eletrodoméstico
             3. Partitura musical

      1.2. Instruções: são frases que indicam as ações a serem executadas.
      Regra geral: As instruções são compostas de um verbo imperativo mais um complemento.
      Exemplos de instruções:
             1. Bata duas claras em neve
             2. Gire o seletor de canais
             3. Espere o sinal verde

      1.3. Exemplos de algoritmos para a resolução de problemas do dia-a-dia:
      SITUAÇÃO: trocar o pneu furado de um carro
      SOLUÇÃO:
          1. Abra o porta-malas;                                 8. Coloque o estepe;
          2. Retire o macaco, o estepe e                         9. Coloque as porcas;
             a chave em cruz;                                    10. Desça o carro;
          3. Desaperte as porcas do                              11. Retire o macaco;
             pneu furado;                                        12. Aperte as porcas do pneu
          4. Coloque o macaco na                                     trocado;
             posição correta;                                    13. Guarde o macaco, o pneu
          5. Levante o carro;                                        furado e a chave em cruz;
          6. Retire as porcas;                                   14. Feche o porta-malas do
          7. Retire o pneu;                                          carro.

      1.4. Exercícios Complementares:
      Desenvolva uma solução algorítmica para a realização das seguintes situações:
      a) Fazer a barba (para os homens) /ou/ Fazer a unha (para as mulheres);
      b) Estourar pipoca (preferencialmente, que não seja de microondas).

      Obs.: Estes exercícios não serão entregues como atividades avaliativas; todavia, as dúvidas
      sobre esta atividade podem ser enviadas pelo chat, pelo fórum desta unidade ou por
      mensagem (no ambiente EAD).

                                                                                      Página 1
Profª Juliana Saragiotto Silva - Algoritmos

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1 -conceitos_basicos_de_algoritmos

  • 1. CENTRO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA DE MATO GROSSO UNIVERSIDADE ABERTA DO BRASIL R E V I SÃO DE C O NC E I T O S (U NI D. I I I ) 1. Conceitos básicos: 1.1. Algoritmo: “processo de cálculo; encadeamento das ações necessárias ao cumprimento de uma tarefa; processo efetivo, que produz uma solução para um problema num número finito de etapas” (Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa). Embora pareça complicado, o conceito de algoritmo nos é bastante familiar. Todos os dias estamos executando algoritmo. Isto significa que a palavra se aplica não só aos computadores, mas também a procedimentos humanos. Exemplos: 1. Receita culinária 2. Instruções para uso de um eletrodoméstico 3. Partitura musical 1.2. Instruções: são frases que indicam as ações a serem executadas. Regra geral: As instruções são compostas de um verbo imperativo mais um complemento. Exemplos de instruções: 1. Bata duas claras em neve 2. Gire o seletor de canais 3. Espere o sinal verde 1.3. Exemplos de algoritmos para a resolução de problemas do dia-a-dia: SITUAÇÃO: trocar o pneu furado de um carro SOLUÇÃO: 1. Abra o porta-malas; 8. Coloque o estepe; 2. Retire o macaco, o estepe e 9. Coloque as porcas; a chave em cruz; 10. Desça o carro; 3. Desaperte as porcas do 11. Retire o macaco; pneu furado; 12. Aperte as porcas do pneu 4. Coloque o macaco na trocado; posição correta; 13. Guarde o macaco, o pneu 5. Levante o carro; furado e a chave em cruz; 6. Retire as porcas; 14. Feche o porta-malas do 7. Retire o pneu; carro. 1.4. Exercícios Complementares: Desenvolva uma solução algorítmica para a realização das seguintes situações: a) Fazer a barba (para os homens) /ou/ Fazer a unha (para as mulheres); b) Estourar pipoca (preferencialmente, que não seja de microondas). Obs.: Estes exercícios não serão entregues como atividades avaliativas; todavia, as dúvidas sobre esta atividade podem ser enviadas pelo chat, pelo fórum desta unidade ou por mensagem (no ambiente EAD). Página 1 Profª Juliana Saragiotto Silva - Algoritmos