1. Civil War Strategies
8-4.5-- Compare the military strategies of the North & South
during the Civil War & the fulfillment of these strategies in S.C.
and in the South as a whole. This includes the attack on Fort
Sumter, the Union blockade of Charleston, the capture of Port
Royal, & the development of the Hunley submarine; the exploits
of Robert Smalls, & Gen. William Sherman’s march through the
state

2. Military Strategy for the North
 Blockade southern ports
to cut off supplies from
Europe
 Break the Confederacy
into two at the Mississippi
River
 Destroy their
communication system
 Attack the Confederate
capital in Richmond, Va

3. Military Strategies for the South
 Fight a defensive war, using supplies
from Europe and funds from the sale
of cotton until the North tired out

4. American Civil War Tactics
(7:38)

5.  Most of the fighting took place in
northern Virginia & along the
Mississippi River
 The first shots of the war happen at
Fort Sumter, SC
 1st major Confederate setback- Union
captured areas surrounding Port
Royal around coast
Hilton Head, SC The Civil War: Fort
Sumter (2:42)

6. Union Strategy in SC
 Prevent ships from importing & exporting
from SC ports
 Union blockades hurt SC by forcing
Europeans to find new international
cotton markets
 Emancipation Proclamation (what it
meant to plantation owners)
 Union captured Charleston and laid
siege to the area for over a year
 45th Massachusetts unit of African
American soldiers led the charge on Fort
Wagner at the mouth of Charleston
Harbor

7. Robert Smalls
 23 yr old slave piloting a Confederate ship
 Wife & children escaped to a Union ship at a
blockade
 While the white crew was ashore, Smalls
navigated the ship towards the Union
blockade, giving the appropriate signals to
the Confederate forts he passed, where he
surrendered it
 He provided the Union with information on
the Confederate fortifications surrounding
Charleston
 After the Civil War: served as an officer in the
SC militia & state legislator, also helped draft
the constitution of SC & served 5 terms as a
Congressman from SC
Video
(11:34)

8. Sherman’s March
 Sherman marched to SC after he
captured Atlanta in his “March-to-the-
Sea” campaign
 Goal: make total war & bring the war
home to the civilians to convince the
south to surrender
 Direct impact on SC: destroyed
homes, plantations, railroads, &
towns along the way
 He even shelled the current state
house under construction at the time
 Capital city of Columbia burned
Video 1 (1:50)
Video 2 (6:47)