Historical Perspective of Philippines Educational System Part 1

1. Timeline of
Philippine
Educational
System
Prepared by:
Kim B. Aclera
John Michael A. Guerzon
Rochelle C. Challoy
Angelyn M. Cruz
Jairah Abigail D. Gaela
Melissa S. Rosales
Juvie Ann A. Vega

2. Pre-Spanish
Present Period
Spanish Period
American Period
Timeline of Philippine Educational System
Native
Spanish
Colonization American Colonization 2013
Today
DemocracyRevolutionSurvival
Japanese Period
Commonwealth Period
New Society Kto12

3. Pre-Spanish Period

4. Goal and aims
Goal of Education: integration of the individuals into
tribes
Aim of Education: For survival, conformity and
enculturation
1. The type of education is informal and unstructured
2. The home serves as their school
3. The parents serves as their teachers
4. Girls do domestic chores
5. Boys will look for food and livelihood
The focus is more of the customs and traditions

5. Characteristics:
1. Not formal
2. Community-based
3. No educational system

6. Method of Education:
1. “Tell Me” or “Show Me” or demonstration
method
2. Alibata (Baybayin )which is composed of
14 consonants and 3 vowels
3. Oral immersion

7. Back

8. Spanish Education

9. Goals
It is to spread Christianity
The focus is more of the
religion

10. Characteristics:
Education is:
a. Not prescribed;
b. Flexible; and
c. Non-centralized
General Characteristics:
a. No grade level;
b. church based ; and
c. no educational system

11. Nature of Education:
1. Education was formal and under the
auspices of the Roman Catholic Church
2. There should be at least one primary
school for boys and girls in each town under
the responsibility of the municipal
government
3. Primary instruction was free

12. Education:
Educational Decree of 1863
a. regulation of private schools
b. establishment of public schools
c. founding of normal school
UST
 Pontifical University by Pope Leo XIII on
September 17, 1902
 The Catholic University of the
Philippines in 1947

13. Roles:
1. The friars controlled the educational
system
2. The missionaries took charge in teaching,
controlling and maintaining the rules and
regulations
3. Parochial schools were led by
Dominicans and Jesuits
4. Establishment of normal school for male
teachers under the supervision of the Jesuits

14. Method:
What do they teach?
1. Teaching of Catholic religion- Christian doctrines
2. Latin and Spanish- Promotion of the Spanish language
and imposition of Spanish culture
Method of teaching:
a. catechetical instruction,
b. use of corporal punishment
c. rote memorization
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15. American Period

16. Goal
Goal: to spread Democracy
Foci: academic English language and
literature

17. Characteristics:
Course of study:
a. Prescribed;
b. uniform; and
c. Centralized
General characteristics:
a. Formal structured;
b. Existence of an
educational system

18. Promoting Education:
1. Education Act of 1901 or Act No. 74
a.600 teachers from the USA are called as
Thomasites
b. Establishment of public schools
2. Section 17
 Philippine Normal College (now PNU)
3. Act No. 477
 Bureau of Public Instruction to Bureau of
Education

19. Promoting Education:
4. Philippine Legislature approved Act No.
1870 created UP
5. Special educational institutions, school of
arts and trades, agricultural school,
commerce and marine institutes were
established in 1902 by the Phil Commission

20. Promoting democracy:
Promote democratic ideas and way of life
1. Malolos Constitution
-free and compulsory
elementary education
a. Burgos Institute in Malolos
b. Military Academy of Malolos
2. Literary University of the Philippines

21. Levels of Education:
1.First level
-four year primary and three
year intermediate or
seven-year
elementary school
2. Second level
-four year high school
3. Third level
-two-year junior college and
later a four-year program
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22. Commonwealth Period

23. Goal:
1. Develop moral character, personal
discipline, civic conscience and vocational
efficiency
2. Emphasize duties of citizenship
3. Educate adults

24. Promoting Education:
1. Executive Order of No 134 in 1936:
President Quezon designated Tagalog as the basis of a
national language
2. Education Act of 1940
a. 7 years to 6 years of elementary education
b. school age entrance - 7 years old
c. national support for elementary education
d. compulsory attendance of primary children in
grade 1
e. double-single sessions in the primary grade
f. single class for intermediate Back

25. Japanese Era

26. Goal:
Goal: Spread of the new Asian Order
Focus: Principles of the new order

27. Characteristics:
Course of study:
a. Prescribed;
b. Uniform; and
c. Centralized
Propaganda tool: repressively anti-
American and anti-British, military backed
existence of an educational system

28. Content:
1. Instill a value to stop
depending on US and Great
Britain
2. Vocational education,
technical and agricultural;
love for labor or work; adopt
the Nippongo language as a
medium of instruction
3. Tagalog, Philippine History,
and Character Education

29. Method:
a. Rote memorization;
b. use of threat; and
c. Punishment

30. Promoting Education:
1. Military Order No. 2 in 1942
-establishment of the Commission of Education,
Health and Public Welfare
2. Establishment of the Ministry of Education
(October 14, 1943)
3. Department of Instruction became part of
the Department of Public Instruction (February
27, 1945)

31. Promoting education:
4. Republic (1945-1972)
a. Promote democratic ideals and way of life
b. Apply equal educational opportunity for all
c. Civil service eligibility of teachers
5. RA 1265
-daily flag ceremony and singing of the
National Anthem

32. Promoting education:
6. Executive Order No. 94
a. Department of Instruction to Department of
Education
b. Bureau of Public and Private Schools
c. regulation and supervision of public and private
schools
7. RA 4007
- elementary education was nationalized and
abolished matriculation fees

33. Promoting education:
8. RA 4670 (June 18, 1966)
-Magna Carta for Public School Teachers
9. PD 6A
a. Educational Decree of 1972
b. National development goals and the
aims of the educational system

34. Promoting education:
10. Proclamation 1081 of 1972
- Department of Education became the
Department of Education and Culture
11. P.D. No. 1397 of 1978
a. became Ministry of Education and Culture
b. 13 regional offices were created Back

35. New Society (1973-1986)

36. Goal:
1973 Constitution:
a. To foster love of country
b. to teach the duties of citizenship
c. to develop moral character, self-
discipline and scientific, technological and
vocational efficiency

37. Nature of Education:
a. CAT- Citizenship Army Training
b. mastery learning
c. elective offerings
d. values education
e. bilingual policy – use of English
and Filipino

38. Educational Programs
1. Project IMPACT
- Instructional Management of Parents,
Community and Teachers
2. ISOSA
- In School - Off School Approach
3. CPS
- Continuous Progression Scheme
4. NCEE
- National College Entrance Exam

39. Educational Programs
5. PRODED
- Program for a Decentralized Educational
Development
6. NEAT
- National Elementary Assessment Test
7. NSAT
- National Secondary Assessment Test

40. Promoting education
Batas Pambansa Bilang 232
a. Voluntary accreditation for schools,
colleges or universities
b. Obligations and qualifications of
teachers and administrators
c. Government financial assistance to
private schools
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