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Diversity in Teams
     Improve Team Performance by
Overcoming Status and Factions on Teams
Overview

A diversity of ideas and
  perspectives can create
  tremendous value in work
  teams

However, it rarely does
Overview
Desired state for diverse work teams.
Overview
  Desired state for diverse work teams.




Diversity
Overview
  Desired state for diverse work teams.




Diversity
Overview
  Desired state for diverse work teams.



                 Ideas/
Diversity
Overview
  Desired state for diverse work teams.



                Ideas/
Diversity
              Perspectives
Overview
  Desired state for diverse work teams.



                Ideas/
Diversity
              Perspectives
Overview
  Desired state for diverse work teams.



                Ideas/
Diversity                         Creativity
              Perspectives
Overview
  Desired state for diverse work teams.



                Ideas/
Diversity                         Creativity
              Perspectives
Overview
  Desired state for diverse work teams.



                Ideas/
Diversity                         Creativity
              Perspectives



            High Performance
Overview
Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not
          conducive of good results
Overview
Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not
          conducive of good results


  Diversity
Overview
Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not
          conducive of good results


  Diversity
Overview
Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not
          conducive of good results

                  Factions/
  Diversity      Hierarchies
Overview
Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not
          conducive of good results

                  Factions/
  Diversity      Hierarchies
Overview
Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not
          conducive of good results

                  Factions/
  Diversity                       Marginalization
                 Hierarchies
Overview
Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not
          conducive of good results

                  Factions/
  Diversity                       Marginalization
                 Hierarchies
Overview
Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not
          conducive of good results

                  Factions/
  Diversity                        Marginalization
                 Hierarchies


                 Process Loss
              (poor performance)
Status Hierarchies
       • Ample research demonstrates that status
         hierarchies develop within minutes
       • Hierarchies are typically based on work-
         irrelevant traits
           • Gender
           • Race
           • Age
       • Teams may fracture along these task-
         irrelevant ‘fault lines’
         • Factions within teams leads to
           process loss
Cultural Differences
• Cultures have different
  norms for participating
  in groups
 • Deference
 • Confrontation
 • Volume
To Do


1. Establish incentives for group leaders to
   encourage the participation of
   (potentially) low status team members
To Do
The Intervention: Reputational Threat
To Do
The Intervention: Reputational Threat

  • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful
To Do
The Intervention: Reputational Threat

  • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful
  • In economic games, people who are reminded of
    the possibility of developing a bad reputation give
    away more money than they keep
To Do
The Intervention: Reputational Threat

  • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful
  • In economic games, people who are reminded of
    the possibility of developing a bad reputation give
    away more money than they keep
  • Use people’s concern for reputation
To Do
The Intervention: Reputational Threat

  • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful
  • In economic games, people who are reminded of
    the possibility of developing a bad reputation give
    away more money than they keep
  • Use people’s concern for reputation
    • Base leader reputation (in part) on inclusiveness
To Do
The Intervention: Reputational Threat

  • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful
  • In economic games, people who are reminded of
    the possibility of developing a bad reputation give
    away more money than they keep
  • Use people’s concern for reputation
    • Base leader reputation (in part) on inclusiveness
      • eBay style leader inclusiveness rating
To Do


2. Establish team member status based on
   expected (or actual) contribution to the
   team goals
To Do
The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues
To Do
The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues

  •   Before groups are introduced personally,
      introduce the team members’ qualifications
      •    Create/ deliver to the team profiles that do not
           identify people by irrelevant characteristics,
           but rather only by task-relevant characteristics
          • Qualifications
          • Intended contributions
To Do
The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues

  •   Before groups are introduced personally,
      introduce the team members’ qualifications
      •    Create/ deliver to the team profiles that do not
           identify people by irrelevant characteristics,
           but rather only by task-relevant characteristics
          • Qualifications
          • Intended contributions
      •    Conduct first interactions through reductive
           technologies
To Do
The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues

  •   Before groups are introduced personally,
      introduce the team members’ qualifications
      •    Create/ deliver to the team profiles that do not
           identify people by irrelevant characteristics,
           but rather only by task-relevant characteristics
          • Qualifications
          • Intended contributions
      •    Conduct first interactions through reductive        www.designcontest.com



           technologies
          • Reductive = those that do not communicate
            social queues, such as email or IM
To Do


3. Establish working relationships based on
   task-relevant input
To Do
The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues
To Do
The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues

                         • Before groups are introduced
                           personally, assign first task
                           • Conduct first interactions
                             through reductive technologies
                             • Assign the team and each
                               member a task to be completed
                               “off-line” to establish intra-team
                               reputation based on work
                               product
To Do


4. Establish methods of contributing that
   minimize cultural and status differences
To Do
The Intervention: Anonymous brainstorming, ideation
To Do
The Intervention: Anonymous brainstorming, ideation
 •   Public brainstorming sessions typically
     discourage the contribution of low-status,
     culturally deferential members
     •    Use anonymous brainstorming techniques
         • Reductive technologies - Virtual
           environments/ Sticky notes
         • All contributions are made public but not
           identified
To Do
The Intervention: Anonymous brainstorming, ideation
 •    Public brainstorming sessions typically
      discourage the contribution of low-status,
      culturally deferential members
     •    Use anonymous brainstorming techniques
         • Reductive technologies - Virtual
           environments/ Sticky notes
         • All contributions are made public but not
           identified
     • Discussion of ideas only after all have been
       displayed

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4 Tips for getting the most from diverse teams

  • 1. Diversity in Teams Improve Team Performance by Overcoming Status and Factions on Teams
  • 2. Overview A diversity of ideas and perspectives can create tremendous value in work teams However, it rarely does
  • 3. Overview Desired state for diverse work teams.
  • 4. Overview Desired state for diverse work teams. Diversity
  • 5. Overview Desired state for diverse work teams. Diversity
  • 6. Overview Desired state for diverse work teams. Ideas/ Diversity
  • 7. Overview Desired state for diverse work teams. Ideas/ Diversity Perspectives
  • 8. Overview Desired state for diverse work teams. Ideas/ Diversity Perspectives
  • 9. Overview Desired state for diverse work teams. Ideas/ Diversity Creativity Perspectives
  • 10. Overview Desired state for diverse work teams. Ideas/ Diversity Creativity Perspectives
  • 11. Overview Desired state for diverse work teams. Ideas/ Diversity Creativity Perspectives High Performance
  • 12. Overview Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not conducive of good results
  • 13. Overview Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not conducive of good results Diversity
  • 14. Overview Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not conducive of good results Diversity
  • 15. Overview Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not conducive of good results Factions/ Diversity Hierarchies
  • 16. Overview Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not conducive of good results Factions/ Diversity Hierarchies
  • 17. Overview Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not conducive of good results Factions/ Diversity Marginalization Hierarchies
  • 18. Overview Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not conducive of good results Factions/ Diversity Marginalization Hierarchies
  • 19. Overview Teams are diverse, but diversity is typically not conducive of good results Factions/ Diversity Marginalization Hierarchies Process Loss (poor performance)
  • 20. Status Hierarchies • Ample research demonstrates that status hierarchies develop within minutes • Hierarchies are typically based on work- irrelevant traits • Gender • Race • Age • Teams may fracture along these task- irrelevant ‘fault lines’ • Factions within teams leads to process loss
  • 21. Cultural Differences • Cultures have different norms for participating in groups • Deference • Confrontation • Volume
  • 22. To Do 1. Establish incentives for group leaders to encourage the participation of (potentially) low status team members
  • 23. To Do The Intervention: Reputational Threat
  • 24. To Do The Intervention: Reputational Threat • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful
  • 25. To Do The Intervention: Reputational Threat • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful • In economic games, people who are reminded of the possibility of developing a bad reputation give away more money than they keep
  • 26. To Do The Intervention: Reputational Threat • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful • In economic games, people who are reminded of the possibility of developing a bad reputation give away more money than they keep • Use people’s concern for reputation
  • 27. To Do The Intervention: Reputational Threat • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful • In economic games, people who are reminded of the possibility of developing a bad reputation give away more money than they keep • Use people’s concern for reputation • Base leader reputation (in part) on inclusiveness
  • 28. To Do The Intervention: Reputational Threat • Concern for reputation is universal and powerful • In economic games, people who are reminded of the possibility of developing a bad reputation give away more money than they keep • Use people’s concern for reputation • Base leader reputation (in part) on inclusiveness • eBay style leader inclusiveness rating
  • 29. To Do 2. Establish team member status based on expected (or actual) contribution to the team goals
  • 30. To Do The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues
  • 31. To Do The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues • Before groups are introduced personally, introduce the team members’ qualifications • Create/ deliver to the team profiles that do not identify people by irrelevant characteristics, but rather only by task-relevant characteristics • Qualifications • Intended contributions
  • 32. To Do The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues • Before groups are introduced personally, introduce the team members’ qualifications • Create/ deliver to the team profiles that do not identify people by irrelevant characteristics, but rather only by task-relevant characteristics • Qualifications • Intended contributions • Conduct first interactions through reductive technologies
  • 33. To Do The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues • Before groups are introduced personally, introduce the team members’ qualifications • Create/ deliver to the team profiles that do not identify people by irrelevant characteristics, but rather only by task-relevant characteristics • Qualifications • Intended contributions • Conduct first interactions through reductive www.designcontest.com technologies • Reductive = those that do not communicate social queues, such as email or IM
  • 34. To Do 3. Establish working relationships based on task-relevant input
  • 35. To Do The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues
  • 36. To Do The Intervention: Prioritize Task-relevant queues • Before groups are introduced personally, assign first task • Conduct first interactions through reductive technologies • Assign the team and each member a task to be completed “off-line” to establish intra-team reputation based on work product
  • 37. To Do 4. Establish methods of contributing that minimize cultural and status differences
  • 38. To Do The Intervention: Anonymous brainstorming, ideation
  • 39. To Do The Intervention: Anonymous brainstorming, ideation • Public brainstorming sessions typically discourage the contribution of low-status, culturally deferential members • Use anonymous brainstorming techniques • Reductive technologies - Virtual environments/ Sticky notes • All contributions are made public but not identified
  • 40. To Do The Intervention: Anonymous brainstorming, ideation • Public brainstorming sessions typically discourage the contribution of low-status, culturally deferential members • Use anonymous brainstorming techniques • Reductive technologies - Virtual environments/ Sticky notes • All contributions are made public but not identified • Discussion of ideas only after all have been displayed

Notas do Editor

  1. \n
  2. Overarching purpose of the studies proposed\n
  3. To begin, it has been hoped that diversity on teams would lead to a profusion of ideas, resulting in creativity and, ultimately, high performing teams\n
  4. To begin, it has been hoped that diversity on teams would lead to a profusion of ideas, resulting in creativity and, ultimately, high performing teams\n
  5. To begin, it has been hoped that diversity on teams would lead to a profusion of ideas, resulting in creativity and, ultimately, high performing teams\n
  6. To begin, it has been hoped that diversity on teams would lead to a profusion of ideas, resulting in creativity and, ultimately, high performing teams\n
  7. To begin, it has been hoped that diversity on teams would lead to a profusion of ideas, resulting in creativity and, ultimately, high performing teams\n
  8. To begin, it has been hoped that diversity on teams would lead to a profusion of ideas, resulting in creativity and, ultimately, high performing teams\n
  9. To begin, it has been hoped that diversity on teams would lead to a profusion of ideas, resulting in creativity and, ultimately, high performing teams\n
  10. To begin, it has been hoped that diversity on teams would lead to a profusion of ideas, resulting in creativity and, ultimately, high performing teams\n
  11. Reality, however, is different. Diversity in the form of demographic differences typically gives rise to factions and hierarchies in teams, which results in the marginalization of team members, and, ultimately, to process loss - or poor performance\n
  12. Reality, however, is different. Diversity in the form of demographic differences typically gives rise to factions and hierarchies in teams, which results in the marginalization of team members, and, ultimately, to process loss - or poor performance\n
  13. Reality, however, is different. Diversity in the form of demographic differences typically gives rise to factions and hierarchies in teams, which results in the marginalization of team members, and, ultimately, to process loss - or poor performance\n
  14. Reality, however, is different. Diversity in the form of demographic differences typically gives rise to factions and hierarchies in teams, which results in the marginalization of team members, and, ultimately, to process loss - or poor performance\n
  15. Reality, however, is different. Diversity in the form of demographic differences typically gives rise to factions and hierarchies in teams, which results in the marginalization of team members, and, ultimately, to process loss - or poor performance\n
  16. Reality, however, is different. Diversity in the form of demographic differences typically gives rise to factions and hierarchies in teams, which results in the marginalization of team members, and, ultimately, to process loss - or poor performance\n
  17. Reality, however, is different. Diversity in the form of demographic differences typically gives rise to factions and hierarchies in teams, which results in the marginalization of team members, and, ultimately, to process loss - or poor performance\n
  18. To investigate ways of overcoming this, I make use of a survival simulation game. What is that?\nSurvival simulation games pit the players as survivors of a disaster. In this case, a plane crash in northern canada.\nit is important to note two things about these games. 1) there is a right answer, and 2) they are content free, which is to say that it is unlikely that anyone on the team will have relevant knowledge and experience\nAs a result, teams that consider more ideas and perspectives do better. Teams do better than individuals.\nand we experienced this in one of our classes a couple weeks ago\n
  19. To investigate ways of overcoming this, I make use of a survival simulation game. What is that?\nSurvival simulation games pit the players as survivors of a disaster. In this case, a plane crash in northern canada.\nit is important to note two things about these games. 1) there is a right answer, and 2) they are content free, which is to say that it is unlikely that anyone on the team will have relevant knowledge and experience\nAs a result, teams that consider more ideas and perspectives do better. Teams do better than individuals.\nand we experienced this in one of our classes a couple weeks ago\n
  20. With my Study 1, I test an intervention designed to cause the team leader to override the instinct to dismiss the low status team member and thereby improve team performance\n
  21. The intervention being tested involves a threat to reputation. Reputational threat is exactly what it sounds like. A threat to one’s reputation.\nReputational threat is widely studied in economics, and we are all probably familiar with one use of this manipulation - eBay.\n- Subjects under reputational threat for fairness have been shown to give away more money than they keep in a sharing game\n
  22. The intervention being tested involves a threat to reputation. Reputational threat is exactly what it sounds like. A threat to one’s reputation.\nReputational threat is widely studied in economics, and we are all probably familiar with one use of this manipulation - eBay.\n- Subjects under reputational threat for fairness have been shown to give away more money than they keep in a sharing game\n
  23. The intervention being tested involves a threat to reputation. Reputational threat is exactly what it sounds like. A threat to one’s reputation.\nReputational threat is widely studied in economics, and we are all probably familiar with one use of this manipulation - eBay.\n- Subjects under reputational threat for fairness have been shown to give away more money than they keep in a sharing game\n
  24. The intervention being tested involves a threat to reputation. Reputational threat is exactly what it sounds like. A threat to one’s reputation.\nReputational threat is widely studied in economics, and we are all probably familiar with one use of this manipulation - eBay.\n- Subjects under reputational threat for fairness have been shown to give away more money than they keep in a sharing game\n
  25. The intervention being tested involves a threat to reputation. Reputational threat is exactly what it sounds like. A threat to one’s reputation.\nReputational threat is widely studied in economics, and we are all probably familiar with one use of this manipulation - eBay.\n- Subjects under reputational threat for fairness have been shown to give away more money than they keep in a sharing game\n
  26. The intervention being tested involves a threat to reputation. Reputational threat is exactly what it sounds like. A threat to one’s reputation.\nReputational threat is widely studied in economics, and we are all probably familiar with one use of this manipulation - eBay.\n- Subjects under reputational threat for fairness have been shown to give away more money than they keep in a sharing game\n
  27. With my Study 1, I test an intervention designed to cause the team leader to override the instinct to dismiss the low status team member and thereby improve team performance\n
  28. \n
  29. \n
  30. \n
  31. \n
  32. \n
  33. \n
  34. \n
  35. \n
  36. With my Study 1, I test an intervention designed to cause the team leader to override the instinct to dismiss the low status team member and thereby improve team performance\n
  37. \n
  38. \n
  39. \n
  40. With my Study 1, I test an intervention designed to cause the team leader to override the instinct to dismiss the low status team member and thereby improve team performance\n
  41. \n
  42. \n
  43. \n
  44. \n
  45. \n