2. TRAFFIC ENGINEERING
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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Definition:
It is the phase of transportation engineering
that deals with the planning, geometric
design and traffic operations of roads,
streets and highways, their networks,
terminals, abutting lands, and relationships
with other modes of transportation
3. O & D SURVEY
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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THE ORIGIN AND DESTINATION STUDY IS
CARRIED OUT MAINLY TO KNOW THE ORIGIN
AND DESTINATION OF VARIOUS VEHICALS .
IN THIS STUDY THE DATA COLLECTED ARE,
NUMBER OF VEHICLES, THEIR ORIGIN AND
DESTINATION NUMBER OF PASSENGERS IN
EACH VEHICLE,ROUTE ETC.
4. USE FOR O & D SURVEY
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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TO JUDGE THE ADEQUACY OF EXICTING
ROUTES
TO ESTABLISH PREFERENTIAL ROUTES FOR
VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF VEHICLES
TO LOCATION OF NEW PROPOSED ROADS
TO LOCATION OF PARKING PALACES
TO LOCATE EXPRESSWAY
TO REGULATE MOVEMENT OF HEAVY
VEHICLES
TO LOCATE NEW BRIDGE AS PER TRAFFIC
DEMANDS
5. METHOD OF O & D SURVEY
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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ROAD SIDE INTERVIEW SURVEYS
HOME-INTERVIEW SURVEYS
TELEPHONE SURVEYS
TAXI SURVEYS
POST CARD QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEYS
REGISTRATION NUMBER SURVEY
TAG SURVEY
PUBLIC TRANSPORT SURVEY
COMMERCIAL VEHICAL SURVEY
6. ROAD SIDE INTERVIEW SURVEY
IN THIS METHOD INTERVIEW STATIONS ARE
PREVIOUSLY DECISED ON THE ROADWAY.
THE VEHICLES ARE STOPPED AT THE
INTERVIEW STATIONS BY A GROUP OF
PERSONS AND THE ANSWERS TO PRESCRIBED
QUESTIONNAIRE ARE COLLECETED ON THE
SPOT.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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9. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES :
DATA IS COLLECTED QUICKLY IN SHORT
DURATION
FIELD ORGANIZATION IS SIMPLE
DISADVANTAGES:
THE VEHICLES ARE STOPPED FOR INTERVIEW
AND THERE IS DELAY TO THE VEHICULAR
MOVEMENT
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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10. HOME-INTERVIEW SURVEY
IN THIS METHOD RANDOM SAMPLE OF 0.5 TO 10%
OF THE POPULATION IS SELECTED AND THE
RESIDENCE ARE VISITED BY THE TRAINED PERSON
WHO COLLECT THE TRAVEL DATA FROM EACH
MEMBOR OF THE HOUSEHOLD.
DETAILD INFORMATION REGARDIND THE TRIPS
MADE BY THE MEMBERS IS OBTAINED ON THE SPOT.
THE DATA COLLECTED MAY BE USEFUL EITHER FOR
PLANNING THE ROAD NETWORK AND OTHER
ROADWAY FACILITIES.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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12. DATA COLLECTION
NUMBER OF TRIP MADE
THEIR ORIGIN & DESTINATION
PURPASE OF TRIP
TRAVEL MODE
NUMBER OF RESIDENTS
AGE
SEX
VEHICLE OWNERSHIP
NUMBER OF DRIVERS
FAMILY INCOME
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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13. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES:
THE PROBLEM OF STOPPING OF VEHICLES AND
CONSEQUENT DIFFICULTIES ARE AVOIDED
THE PRESENT TRAVEL NEEDS ARE CLEARLY
KNOWN AND THE ANALYSIS IS ALSO SIMPLE.
ADDITIONAL DATA INCLUDING SOCIO-
ECONOMIC AND OTHER DETAILS MAY BE
COLLECTED SO AS TO BE USEFUL FOR
FORECASTING TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION
GROWTH.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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14. TELEPHONE SURVEY
THIS METHOD INTERVIEW ARE CONDUCT
WITH COMPUTER ASSISTED TELEPHONE
INTERVIEW TECHNOLOGY.
A COMPLETE CATI SYSTEM MIGHT INCLUD
AUTOMATIC DAILING OF NEXT HOUSEHOLD TO
THE INTERVIEWER TO ASK THE NEST
QUESTION AUTOMATIC SKIPPING AND
BRANCHING WITHIN THE LIST OF QUESTIONS
DEPENDING ON THE ANSER TO THE PREVIOUS
QUESTION ,IMMEDIATE LOGIC CHECKS ON
ANSWER PROVIDED.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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17. TAXI SURVEY
LARGE URBAN AREAS USUALLY HAVE A
SIZEABLE AMOUNT OF TRAVEL BY TAXIS.
IN SUCH CASES, A SEPARATE TAXI SURVEY IS
NECESSARY .
THE SURVEY CONSISTS OF ISSUING
QUESTIONNAIRES OR LOG SHEETS TO THE
TAXI DRIVERS AND REQUESTING THEM TO
COMPLETE THE SAME.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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19. POST CARD
IN THIS METHOD REPLY-PAID
QUESTIONNAIRES ARE HANDED OVER TO
EACH OF THE DRIVERS AT THE SURVEY POINTS
AND REQUISTING THEM TO COMPLETE THE
INFORMATION AND RETURN BY POST.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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20. ADVANTAGES:
THIS METHOD ARE SIMPLER AND CHEAPER
THAN MANY OTHERS.
DISADVANTAGES:
RESPONSE MAY NOT A GOOD
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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POST CARD
21. REGISTRATION NUMBER PLATE SURVEY
REGISTRATION NUMBER PLATE SURVEY
CONSISTS OF NOTING THE REGISTRATION
NUMBER OF VEHICLES ENTERING OR LEAVING
AN AREA AT SURVEY POINTS LOCATED ON THE
CORDON LINE.
BY MATCHING THE REGISTRATION NUMBER
OF THE VEHICLES AT THE POINT OF ENTRY
AND EXITFROM THE AREA , ONE IS ENABLED
TO IDENTIFY TWO POINTS ON THE PATHS OF
THE VEHICLES.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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23. REGISTRATION NUMBER PLATE SURVEY
ADVANTAGES:
WORK DOES NOT INTERFERE WITH THE
TRAFFIC IN ANY WAY.
DISADVANTAGES:
LARGE NUMBER OF OBSERVERS ARE NEEDED
ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS CAN BE
COMPLICATED.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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24. TAG SURVEY
IN THIS METHOD AT EACH POINT WHERE THE
ROADS CROSS THE CORDON LINE, VEHICLES ARE
STOPPED AND A TAG IS AFFIXED ,USUALLY UNDER A
WIND SCREEN WIPER.
THE TAGS FOR DIFFERENT SURVEYS STATIONS HAVE
DIFFERENT SHAPES/COLOUR TO IDENTIFY THE
SURVEY STATION.
THE VEEHICLES ARE STOPPED AGAIN AT THE EXIT
POINTS WHERE THE TAGS ARE REMOVED.
THE TIME OF ENTERING AND LEAVING THE AREA
MAY BE MARKED ON THE TAGS IN ORDER TO ENABLE
THE JOURNEY TIME TO BE DETERMINED
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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25. ADVANTAGES:
THIS METHOD IS SIMPLE AND ERROR ARE NOT
VERY LARGE.
DISADVANTAGES:
IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO HANDLE ALL THE
VEHICLES, SAMPLING MAY BE RESTORED TO
DONE.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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TAG SURVEY
26. PUBLIC TRANSPORT SURVEYS
IN THIS METHOD INTERVIWER MAY ENTER
THE VEHICLE AND CARRY OUT THE
INTERVIEWS WHEN THE VEHICLES IS IN
MOTION.
POST-CARD QUESTIONNAIRES ELIMINATE
DELAYS, BUT ARE LIKELY TO EVOKE POOR
RESPONSE OR CONTAIN AN ELEMENT OR BIAS.
THESE QUESTIONNAIRES MAY ALSO BE
COLLECTED AT THE STATIONS INSIDE THE
SURVEY AREA.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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28. COMMERCIAL VEHICAL SURVEYS
COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SURVEYS ARE
CONDUCTED TO OBTAIN INFORMATION ON
JOURNEYS MADE BY ALL COMMERCIAL
VEHICLES BASED WITHIN THE STUDY AREA.
THE ADDRESSES OF THE VEHICLES
OPERATORS ARE OBTAINED AND THEY ARE
CONTACTED .
FORM ARE ISSUED TO DRIVERS WITH A
REQUEST THAT THEY RECORD PARTICULARS
OF ALL THE TRIPS THEY WOULD MAKE.
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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30. TRIP GENERATION ANALYSIS
PURPOSE
TO DEVELOP EQUATIONS OI, DJ
(THE TRIP ENDS OF A PARTICULAR TRIP TYPE
GENERATED BY EACH ZONE BASED ON LAND
USE)
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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32. MODAL SPLIT ANALYSIS
Purpose
TO DETERMINE THE NOS. OF TRIP MADE
BY EACH MODE OF TRAVEL (VM
IJ)
TWO TYPES OF MODAL ANALYSIS
1) PRE-DISTRIBUTION MODAL SPLIT
ANALYSIS
2) POST-DISTRIBUTION MODAL SPLIT
ANALYSIS
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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34. POST-DISTRIBUTION MODAL SPLIT ANALYSIS
TO DETERMINE THE PROPORTION OF TRIP
MAKER TRAVELING BET. ORIGIN &
DESTINATION PAIR THAT WILL CHOOSE
COMPETING MODE
BASED ON TIME & COST OF TRAVEL
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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35. NETWORK ASSIGNMENT ANALYSIS
TO DETERMINE THE TRIP FOR EACH MODE TO
ALTERNATIVE ROUTE (VMR
IJ)
BASED ON RELATIONSHIPS BET. TRAVEL TIMES
AND CAPACITIES FOR THE ROUTES
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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36. TRIP GENERATION ANALYSIS
TO ESTIMATE THE NOS. OF PERSON TRIPS
PRODUCED BY, OR ATTRACTED TO EACH
ZONE
INPUT LAND USE CHARACTERISTICS
OUT PUT NOS. OF TRIP ENDS
TRIP ENDS TRIP THAT ORIGINATE OR
TERMINATE
TRIP ORIGIN TRIP PRODUCTION
TRIP DESTINATIONS TRIP ATTRACTION
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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37. TRIPS ARE STRATIFIED BY TRIP
PURPOSE CATEGORIES
TRIP PURPOSE CATEGORIES
1) HOME-BASED WORK
TRIP BET. PERSON’S HOME & PLACE OF
EMPLOYMENT FOR PURPOSE OF WORKING
1) HOME-BASED OTHER
TRIP BET. PERSON’S HOME & OTHER
DESTINATION FOR ANY OTHER PURPOSE
- HOME-BASED SHOP (SHOPPING)
- HOME-BASED SOCIAL RECREATION
- HOME-BASED SOCIAL MISCELLANEOUS
1) NON-HOMED BASED
NEITHER ENDS AT HOME
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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38. WHEN PERSON MAKES TWO JOURNEYS
E.G 1 FROM HOME TO WORK
I.E HOME-BASED TRIP &
HOME ORIGIN (PRODUCTION)
WORK DESTINATION (ATTRACTION)
E.G 2 FROM WORK TO HOME
I.E HOME-BASED TRIP &
WORK ORIGIN (ATTRACTION)
HOME DESTINATION (PRODUCTION
PREPARED BY: B.V.KACHHOT
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40. Solution
Type Origin Destination Production Attraction
Trip#1
home-based
work
home work home work
Trip#2
non-home-
based
work MALL work MALL
Trip#3
non-home-
based
MALL work MALL work
Trip#4
home-based
work
work home home work