This is a powerpoint presentation of one of the Senior High School Core Subject: Understanding Culture, Society and Politics. For this powerpoint, this serves as a presentation about the topic of culture and society.
2. Society
Came from the French word “societas” which means
companionship
It is a highly structured system of human organization that
also follows common laws, traditions, values and customs
4. Structural Functionalism
It is a sociological theory stating that the society is a
framework that sees society as a complex system of puzzle
pieces and those pieces work together to promote solidarity
and stability
It is why schools, government, hospitals and church have their
own function to perform in society
5. Conflict Theory
It is a sociological theory stated by Karl Marx that the society
is in a state of perpetual conflict because of competition for
limited resources. It also holds that social order is maintained
by domination and power
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8. Culture
It is defined as the norm and social behavior found and
practiced in human societies
It is the complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices,
values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge
and roles that a person learns and shares as a member of the
society
9. Culture
It refers to an organization of phenomena that is dependent
upon symbols and includes acts (patterns of behavior), objects
(material things), ideas (belief and knowledge), and
sentiments (attitudes and values)
10. Aspects of Culture
Culture being a complex set of patterned social
interactions is learned and transmitted through
socialization or enculturation.
11. Aspects of Culture
Enculturation
It is the process a person adopts the cultural patterns he
or she lives in
It also teaches the person what is accepted within that
society and lifestyle
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13. Aspects of Culture
Cultural elements are learned rather than acquired
through inheritance or through any biological processes
14. Aspects of Culture
Dual Inheritance Theory
Stated that human behavior (culture) is a product of two
different and interacting evolutionary processes:
Genetic and Cultural Evolution
Culture = “dynamic property of individuals”
15. Aspects of Culture
Most people adopt the complexities of culture from the
environment they are in because cultural behavior and
actions can only be learned through observation,
experience and education
17. Aspects of Culture
Language is a key factor in the success of the human race
in creating and preserving culture. Without language, the
ability to convey traditions/beliefs or ideas is impossible to
be done.
18. Aspects of Culture
Intercultural Communication
It is a study that focuses on communication across
different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects
communication
21. Subculture
It is a culture being practiced within a broader variety of a
culture, but practicing its own separate values, practices,
traditions and beliefs
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23. Real vs. Ideal Culture
Real Culture – Actual behavior patterns exhibited by
members of the society
Ideal Culture – These are cultural guidelines publicly
embraced by members of the society. Also defined as the
social patterns mandated by norms and values
24. Elements of Culture
Norms – it is a society’s standards of acceptable behavior. It is
essential in a society because majority of the people pattern their way
of living after them
▪ Folkways – norms that are known to be the proper way of dealing with
their everyday living and social interaction
▪ Mores – these are customs or folkways that needs to be followed by
the society strictly
▪ Laws – formalized mores that are legislated, approved and
implemented in a society
25. Elements of Culture
Beliefs – This are the means of the people on explaining
the sense of their experiences or ideas that they hold to
be true, factual and real.
26. Elements of Culture
Symbols – these are representations or illustrations to
represent a particular belief or meaning of something.
People who share or practice the same belief or culture
attach a specific meaning to an object, gesture and
image.
29. Elements of Culture
Language – it is the system of symbols that individuals
utilize to communicate, interact, and share their views or
beliefs, thus making an understanding amongst
individuals.
30. Elements of Culture
Social Institutions – this consists of a group of people
who have come together for a common goal or a
purpose
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32. Cultural Orientation
Ethnocentrism – the belief of a certain society that their
culture is much more superior than the other ones. The
term was coined by Ludwig Gumplowicz.
Two most popular type of ethnocentrism:
(Sinocentrism and Eurocentrism)
36. Cultural Orientation
Xenocentrism – it is the belief that the products or the
culture of one is inferior to the other one
Colloquially known as “colonial mentality”
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38. Cultural Orientation
Cultural Relativism – it is the idea that a person’s beliefs,
values and practices should be understood based on
that person’s own cultures, rather than be based against
the criteria of another.
Attempting to understand one’s culture
41. Cultural Universals
Also called as “human universal”
It is an element, pattern, or trait that is common to all
cultures worldwide
Examples:
Shelter, Art, Proverbs/Sayings and Personal names
42. Culture Shock
It is an experience a person which may have one moves
to a cultural environment which he or she is not familiar
with
Example: Immigrating or Migrating in other places
43. Cultural Leveling
It is the process by which different cultures approach
each other as a result of travel and communication
It eliminates the cultural differences that makes a or a
group of person unique.