This presentation is for upper elementary or middle school. There is a great deal of information covered in the PowerPoint just as the student's textbooks.

1. Social Studies Chapter 3
Lessons 1 and 2
The Civil War

2. Lesson 1: The War Begins
Vocabulary
1. STRATEGY
Definition
1. long-range plans to reach a goal
2. BLOCKADE
2. ships blocking a port
3. RETREAT
3. fall back, usually in conflict
4. CASUALTY
4. killer or injured in war
5. EMANCIPATE
5. to set free
6. PREJUDICE
6. unfair dislike of a group of
people due to race, background
7. IMMIGRANT
7. someone who comes to a
country for a new life

3. People to Know
1. Thomas Jackson
1. Southern General
2. Ulysses S. Grant
2. Northern General
3. Robert E. Lee
3. Southern General
4. Robert Smalls
4.
Captured steam boat for North
5. Clara Barton
5.
Nurse for North
6. Dorothea Dix
6.
Headed Northern nurses
7. Sally Tompkins
7. Ran a Southern hospital
8. Belle Boyd
8.
Southern spy

4. Places to Know
Manassas Junction or Bull Run
Pittsburg Landing or Shiloh
Bloodies Day of the
War
First Major Battle of the
War
Gave the North Control of a
Border State
Southern Victory
Antietam Creek
Northern Victory
Northern Victory
Virginia
Tennessee
Maryland

5. The Best Laid Plans
Union Strategy
Confederate Strategy
 Weaken the South and then
invade it
 Protect their lands from
Northern attacks
 Win the control of the
Mississippi River
 Make the war last a long time
so the Union would get tired
 Blockade Southern ports
 Hoped that England and/or
France would aid them because
 Keep the South from buying or
both countries needed the
selling with Europe, including
cotton the South produced
importing weapons

6. Early Battles
 Manassas Junction or Bull  Pittsburg Landing or
Run
Shiloh

July 21, 1861

Virginia



Both armies had about
30,000 untrained troops
Looked like a Northern
victory
General Thomas Jackson
saved the day for the South

April 6, 1862

Tennessee

General Grant marched into
Tenn. to reclaim it for Union

Important Union victory

Control of Tenn. for the rest
of the war

7. Battle of Antietam
The Worst Day of the Civil War The Emancipation Proclamation
By September of 1862, the North’s President Lincoln had been waiting
strategy seemed to be working.
for a Union victory to make an
Southerners were feeling the pain
important announcement. He
of no supplies and the war being
issued a proclamation freeing all
fought on their land. General
slaves in captured territory.
Lee tried to take the war to the
Those who were still controlled
North. He made it as far north as
by the Confederates would have
Antietam, Maryland. There were
to wait for the Union Army to
22,000 casualties on both sides.
free them, but a change was
Lee took his troops back south.
coming, and everyone knew it.

8. Contributions from All
About 180,000 African
Americans joined the
Union despite
prejudice and
mistreatment.
European immigrants
fought mostly for the
North. There were
entire regiments of
Irish, Italians, and
German immigrants.

9. Women in the War Effort
Neither side allowed women to serve as soldiers
although it later proven that several women dressed
as men and fought.
Woman on both sides worked a nurses and doctors.
Clara Barton is probably the best known nurse for
the North. Dorothea Dix was a supervisor of nurses
for the North. On the Southern side, Sally Tomkins
ran a hospital in Virginia for wounded soldiers.
For the South, Belle Boyd was a famous spy.

10. Women’s Warriors
Clara Barton
Sally Tompkins
Belle Boyd
Dorothea Dix

11. Sally Tompkins’ Hospital
Richmond, Virginia

12. Union and Southern Generals
Union Leadership
General George Meade was
the North’s commander
during the early part of the
war. Most experts today
feel that Meade was a
stumbling block to the
Union effort. The President
finally replaced him with
Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, who
understood how to bring the
war to an end.
Southern Leadership
The South had the best
military leadership headed
by General Robert E. Lee.
Lee was surrounded by
capable soldiers, especially
Gen. Stonewall Jackson.
When Jackson was killed,
Lee said, “I’ve lost my right
arm.”

13. Generals Lee and Jackson

14. The Road to Union Victory
Lesson 2
Gen. Grant
Gen. Lee

15. What to Know in Lesson 2
Vocabulary and People to Know
Vocab.: Address
Ulysses S. Grant
Places to Know
Vicksburg
Chancellorsville
Gettysburg
George G. Meade
Mobile
George Pickett
Chattanooga
David Glasgow Farragut
Atlanta
William Tecumseh Sherman
Savannah
Richmond
Appomattox Court House

16. May of 1863 President Lincoln
Replaced Meade with Grant
Vicksburg, Mississippi
May of 1863, Grant laid siege
to the city. Supply lines were
cut. City shelled with canons.
On July 4, city surrendered.
Important victory for the
Union. G It gave them control
of the Miss. River. The South
was cut in two, and even
communication was difficult.
Chancellorsville, Virginia
Gen. Lee had won a victory
for the South, but at a terrible
personal cost to him. Gen.
Stonewall Jackson was
accidently killed by his own
troops. Lee knew that Jackson
could not be replaced. With
Jackson, Lee could have
dragged the war out for much
longer.
Click for Pictures of Gen. Stonewall Jackson

17. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
Born in
Parkersburg or
Clarksburg, WV
“The only true rule for cavalry is to follow the enemy as
long as he retreats.”
Click for Another Picture of Gen. Jackson

18. Gen. Jackson’s Statue at West Virginia
Capitol
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19. The Turning Point: The Battle of
Gettysburg
Pennsylvania
Gen. Lee
July 1, 1863, Gen. Lee headed
North. His troops met with
Gen. Meads Union troops.
The battle lasted for three
terrible days. Lee ordered
Gen. Pickett with his 5,000
men to run across an open
field and take a stone wall.
Over half of his men were
casualties
Withdrew from the battle
and took his troops back
South. Gettysburg was the
farthest North the
Confederacy would reach. It
is often called, “the high
water mark of the South.”
Click for a picture of Gen. Lee

20. Gen. Lee on His Famous Horse,
Traveller
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21. Gettysburg Address
On Nov. 19, 1863, President
The address ended:
Lincoln went to Gettysburg
to dedicate a cemetery that
held the remains of the men
“…that these dead shall not
who died in the battle.
have died in vain…that
There was a crowd of about
government of the people,
6,000 people waiting for the
by the people, and for the
speeches. Lincoln gave an
people shall not perish from
address of about three
the earth.”
minutes. It is one of the
most famous speeches in
American history

22. More Union Victories
Gen. Sherman’s March
In 1864, Union Gen. Sherman
was ordered by Gen. Grant to
start at Chattanooga and march
In 1864, David G. Farragut
with his troops to Atlanta,
was in command of the
Georgia. When he arrived in
Union navy. He ordered his
Atlanta, he burned the city.
He then started marching to
fleet to sail into the harbor
Savannah burning and
even though the port was
destroying everything in his
mined. One of his ships was path. He destroyed everything
in a trail 60 miles wide and
sunk, but he captured the
300 miles long.
The Battle of Mobile Bay,
Alabama
city for the Union.

23. The War Ends
In Virginia by 1865, Gen. Grant more-or-less had Gen.
Lee on the run. Lee’s army was starving, exhausted,
and out of supplies. In April, Confederate troops
evacuated Richmond, their capital. As they left, they
set the city on fire to keep the Union troops from
gaining any advantage. Finally, Lee’s army tried to
move west, but they were outnumbered 10 to 1. On
April 9, 1865, at a place named Appomattox Court
House, Lee surrendered to Grant. It was finally over.
More than 600,000 soldiers had died, and the South
was left in ruins.

24. Southern Surrender Signed

25. General Lee’s Fate
Gen. Lee dressed in his newest uniform and finest
boots that fateful morning. When asked why he was
dressed so well, he replied, “Gen. Grant will have me
hanged on the spot, or I will be shipped off to a Northern
prison before they hang me. Either way, I am going to
need to be wearing my best clothes.”
Neither thing happened. Gen. Grant had him sign the
papers, and then told him to return to his home and
never pick up weapons against the United States again.
Southern soldiers were told the same thing. It was
finally over. Enough blood had been shed on both sides.

26. The End of the War
Next: The Reconstruction