presented by shumaila kiran at umt

4. PURPOSE OF SAMPLING There are six purposes of sampling 1- Economy 2- Timeliness 3- The large size of many populations 4- Inaccessibility of some of the population 5- Destructiveness of the observation 6- Accuracy

6. NON SAMPLING ERROR A non sampling error is an error that results solely from the manner in which the observations are made. Biased observation due to in accurate measurement can be innocent but very devastating. These unintended errors may result from; THE INTERWIERS EFFECT; the manner in which the response is elicited THE RESPONDENT EFFECT; the social desirability of the persons observed THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY INDUCED BIAS; the personal biases of the interviewer or research writer

7. SELECTING THE SAMPLE:- The desirability of a sampling procedure depends on both its vulnerability to error and its cost. Sampling error can be controlled by exercising care in determining the method for choosing the sample. THE CHANCE COMPONENT or RANDOM errors are minimized by selecting a sufficiently large sample. SAMPLING BIAS on the other hand may be minimized by the wise choice of a sampling procedure

9. RANDOM SAMPLING:- It allows a known probability that each elementary unit will be chosen. For this reason, it is sometimes referred to as a probability sample. NON RANDOM SAMPLING:- It does not allow an equal chance of selection of each individual but it rely on personal judgment of the researcher.

10. RANDOM & NON RANDOM SAMPLING WITH ITS PROCEDURES

13. RESEARCH DESIGN METHODS

18. A model of qualitative research design Research design

37. The model in perspective Research design