Wellness and Health
Wellness refers to the state of being in good health. Wellness is
essential for one to work effectively so that the set goals are
met. For the goals to be realized, all the seven areas of health
are important because they are connected. The first area of
health is education. Education is one of the indicators of life
outcomes, for instance, social status, employment, and income
and can also be used to predict wellbeing and attitude
(Anderson, 2015). Other people apply education as a tool that
helps them in shaping their social identity and establishing an
understanding of their environment. Education shapes the social
identity on how people relate with each other in society. A
positive social identity is characterized by positive results, such
as increased health status, wellbeing, political engagement, and
social trust. Currently, a lot of emphases has been placed on
education, and therefore those with lower education find it
much challenging to positively identify themselves socially
hence negatively affecting their self-esteem and wellbeing
(Anderson, 2015).
Individuals with higher education levels tend to develop much
interest to vie for political positions than those with lower
levels of education. These educated individuals also have got
more social trust than their uneducated counterparts — several
studies confirmed that there are a number of health benefits of
education. Baum &Payea (2013) explains that a more educated
person has a higher probability of getting a good job with
health-promoting packages such as health insurance. On the
other hand, those with low education have higher chances of
doing risky jobs. Those individuals who are more educated are
subjected to more earnings. A Population Survey conducted by

the U.S. Department of Labor and the United States Bureau of
Labor Statistics in 2012 confirmed that college graduates
registered twice as many average earnings than their colleagues
who had dropped out of high school and one and a half higher
than those who had graduated from high school (Baum &Payea,
2013).
The families that earn more income are in a position to buy
healthy food, can get time to perform exercises and can afford
to pay for health services and transport cost. Consequently, low
level of education brings about job insecurity, poor pay and the
vulnerability of these individuals and their families are much
higher during hard times leading to poor housing, malnutrition,
and inability to afford medical services. Individuals with higher
education levels and therefore, have got higher incomes do not
suffer from health-related stress that is attached to chronic
social and economic hardships (Baum &Payea, 2013). The
category of individuals with lower levels of education has
limited resources such as social support, a feeling of control
over life, and high self-esteem to counter the stress.
Education from school and outside school enables individuals to
acquire skills and foster traits that they will use throughout
their lives (Anderson, 2015). Examples of skills include
flexibility, having a sense of self-control, negotiation skills,
developing a wider social network that would ensure that one
makes more friends. The skills help in addressing a wide range
of challenges in one’s entire life and in managing one’s health.
More educated people have a wider social network that makes
them access financial, psychological, and emotional resources
that assists them in reducing the hardship and stress, thereby
helping them improve their health. More educated people can
advocate for what they want hence facilitate a healthier
lifestyle. These people have higher chances of learning healthy
behaviours, which enables them to live a better life.
References

Anderson, D. S. (Ed.). (2015). Wellness issues for higher
education: A guide for student affairs and higher education
professionals. Routledge.
Baum S, Ma J, Payea K. Education Pays 2013: The Benefits of
Higher Education for Individualsand Society. College Board,
2013.
Current Population Survey, U.S. Department of Labor, U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
http://www.bls.gov/emp/ep_table_001.htm.
PowerPoint Presentation on: PESTEL Analysis of the
Healthcare Industry in The USA
Holiday Davis
Strayer University
HSA 599 Capstone
Instructor: Dr. D. Levesque
July 14, 2019

Jens Martensson
1
Executive Summary
The cost of healthcare has been estimated to over $3.3 trillion,
yet there is little that is delivered (Blumenthal, 2017).
The United States of America is projected to presently have a
population of about 327 Million.
CMS estimates that in 2017, the healthcare spending shoot up
by 3.9% to $10,739 per person. (Historical - Centers for
Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2019).
This PESTEL analysis will focus on the healthcare situation in
the USA with a view to analyzing if my organization can
consider a merger with Holy Cross hospital.
The cost of healthcare has been estimated to over $3.3 trillion,
yet there is little that is delivered (Blumenthal, 2017).
The United States of America is projected to have a population
of about 327 Million.
The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS),
estimates that in 2017, the healthcare spending shoot up by
3.9% to $10,739 per person. (Historical - Centers for Medicare
& Medicaid Services, 2019)
2
Thesis Statement
This PowerPoint Presentation will focus and present an analysis
on the healthcare industry in the US by employing the PESTEL

analysis method.
The strengths and weakness of the healthcare industry as
determined by the outcomes the PESTEL analysis will be
utilized in identifying threats and opportunities.
This PowerPoint Presentation will focus and present an analysis
on the healthcare industry in the US by employing the PESTEL
analysis method.
The strengths and weakness of the healthcare industry as
determined by the outcomes the PESTEL analysis will be
utilized in making projections of what is required to be done
during merging
3
Political and Economic Factors
In the US, some of the political and economic factors that
impact the healthcare industry are the CMS and Obamacare.
The healthcare providers have expressed their concerns over
Medicare’s resolutions to withhold payments to hospitals if they
are cases of readmissions within 30 after being discharged
(McIlvennan, Eapen & Allen, 2015).
Since the inception of Obamacare, CMS also cut down payment
to the physicians & healthcare facilities.
As a result, the revenue for most of healthcare providers have
dwindled and the majority of people find the healthcare in
America costing too much than what is delivered.
These are some of challenges that would affecting merging with
Holy Cross Hopsital.
Political factors
The healthcare is impacted by several political factors, namely,

changes in tax legislation, consumer protection and the
mandates of insurances.
Tax policies can for instance affect the government spending on
healthcare, in the sense that it can be an issue of concern or it
can present handful benefits.
Economic Factors
On the other hand, the economic healthcare firms may be
affected economic factors like inflation, interest rates and
unemployment rates.
(go to the slides )
The above factors have forced the hospitals merger to leave
healthcare practice.
4
Social Factors
The ageing population as well as the expansion of Medicaid are
the two major social factors impacting on the healthcare
industry.
The increase in the population of aging Americans is
attributable to the improved healthcare as well as increased
availability of healthcare facilities.
The life expectancy in the US is about eighty years and
although the life expectancy is said to drop due to increase in
suicidal rates in the US, there are a huge number of older
people who require specialized care and costly treatment
(Hosseini, 2014).
With Florida being one of the state that have high number of
senior citizens, it is important to take this into consideration
before considering a merger.
The ageing population as well as the expansion of Medicaid are
the two major social factors impacting on the healthcare
industry.
The increase in the population of aging Americans is

attributable to the improved healthcare as well as increased
availability of healthcare facilities.
The life expectancy in the US is about eighty years and
although the life expectancy is said to drop due to increase in
suicidal rates in the US, there are a huge number of older
people who require specialized care and costly treatment.
With Florida being one of the state that have high number of
senior citizens, it is important to take this into consideration
before considering a merger.
5
Technological Factors
Holly Cross has been forced to embrace some of the latest
technology so as to empower the supply chain system that it has
with its partners..
Holy Cross also has state-of-the-art medical equipment that
most of its medical personnel have knowledge about.
Holy Cross Hospital however need to establish innovative ways
developing marketing strategies that will boost its collaboration
with clients in Florida State and beyond.
By embracing the advancing technological innovations will
ensure that Holy Cross Hospital will always be ahead of
competition.
Holly Cross has been forced to embrace some of the latest
technology so as to empower the supply chain system that it has
with its partners..
Holy Cross also has state-of-the-art medical equipment that
most of its medical personnel have knowledge about.
Holy Cross Hospital however need to establish innovative ways
developing marketing strategies that will boost its collaboration
with clients in Florida State and beyond.

By embracing the advancing technological innovations will
ensure that Holy Cross Hospital will always be ahead of
competition.
6
Environmental Factors
Healthcare industry in the US is affected by environmental
factors like, the disposal of contaminated wastes.
The law stipulates that failure to abide by the laws on disposal
of wastes by the hospital will attract huge fines.
Holy Cross Hospital already has in place an elaborate
mechanism on how they dispose off human wastes in their
facility.
With its serene and clean environment, Holy Cross Hospital has
been praised by clients from other states other than Florida
State.
Healthcare industry in the US is affected by factors like, the
disposal of contaminated wastes.
The law stipulates that failure to abide by the laws on disposal
of wastes by the hospital will attract huge fines.
Holly Cross Hospital already has in place an elaborate
mechanism on how they dispose off human wastes in their
facility.
With its serene and clean environment, Holy Cross Hospital has
been praised by clients from other states other than Florida
State.
7
Legal Factors
The healthcare industry in the US is mainly impacted by CMS
legal factors.
The health organizations formed after the merging has taken

place needs to abide to the Obamacare, labor laws, the quality
improvement laws and HIPAA compliance.
When finalizing the merging deals, it is vitally important to
consider involving attorney to assist in doing the due diligence
to find out if the health organization has had legal tussles.
Other legal factors that needs to be considered by the lawyers
during the merging deal is how the health organization will
observe intellectual property laws and consumer protection
laws.
The healthcare industry in the US is mainly impacted by CMS
legal factors.
The health organizations formed after the merging has taken
place needs to abide to the Obamacare, labor laws and the
quality improvement laws.
When finalizing the merging deals, it is vitally important to
consider involving attorney to assist in doing the due diligence
to find out if the health organization has had legal tussles.
Other legal factors that needs to be considered by the lawyers
during the merging deal is how the health organization will
observe intellectual property laws and consumer protection
laws.
8
Conclusion & Recommendations
The PESTEL analysis of the Healthcare Industry in the USA and
Holy Cross Hospital shows that although there are a number of
threats, the opportunities are more than the threats.
There is need to however do due diligence, and following all the
legal steps necessary in healthcare merging.
9

References
Blumenthal, D. (2017). Is M&A the Cure for a Failing Health
Care System?. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/12/is-ma-
the-cure-for-a-failing-health-care-system
Historical - Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2019).
Retrieved from https://www.cms.gov/research-statistics-data-
and-systems/statistics-trends-and-
reports/nationalhealthexpenddata/nationalhealthaccountshistoric
al.html
Hosseini, H. (2014). Aging and the Rising Costs of Healthcare
in the United States: Can There be a
Solution
?. Ageing International, 40(3), 229-247. doi: 10.1007/s12126-
014-9209-8
McIlvennan, C., Eapen, Z., & Allen, L. (2015). Hospital
Readmissions Reduction Program. Circulation, 131(20), 1796-
1803. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.010270
10
Case Study 1: Are Our Customer Liaisons Helping or Hurting?
Due Week 3 and worth 350 points

Review the Case Study “Are Our Customer Liaisons Helping or
Hurting,” published by Harvard Business Review at
https://hbr.org/2017/10/case-study-are-our-customer-liaisons-
helping-or-hurting
Use the health care organization that you selected
previously. You are the administrator and you’ve established a
new liaison position called the Patient Care Executive (PCE).
The concept was meant to be a win-win: patients and their
families would get a better, more personalized hospital
experience, while doctors could spend less time managing
patients and more time practicing medicine. Customer
satisfaction scores, patient retention, and referrals are all up,
but the doctors have been complaining that the PCEs are
incompetent and intrusive. The CEO has gotten wind that the
PCEs are a factor in the hospital’s high doctor turnover and is
trying to decide whether to get rid of the role altogether.
Your first step in evaluating the position of your organization
will be conducting an environmental analysis. The purpose of
this is to determine your organization’s ability to continue to
provide quality care and remain financially solvent in the face
of these challenges.
Write a six to eight (6-8) page paper in which you:
1. Determine two (2) specific forces in the external environment
that will have the most impact on your organization. Provide a
rationale for your decision.

2. Determine two (2) specific internal factors that the
organization’s leaders need to consider in preparing for the
future of health care and the future of the organization. Provide
a rationale for your decision
3. Discuss the impact of both the identified internal and
external forces on the organization’s ability to develop a
competitive strategy.
4. Recommend one (1) strategy that involves the PCEs and
maintaining the momentum of the strategic plan of this new
concept.
5. Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this
assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do not
qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
· Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size
12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references
must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your
professor for any additional instructions.
· Include a cover page containing the title of your paper, your
name, the course number and course title, your professor’s
name, the university’s name, and the date. The cover page and
the reference page are not included in the required assignment
page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this
assignment are:

· Differentiate between strategic management, strategic
thinking, strategic planning, and managing strategic momentum.
· Analyze the significance of the external environment’s impact
on health care organizations.
· Examine the role of internal environmental analysis in
identifying the basis for sustained competitive advantage.
· Use technology and information resources to research issues in
the strategic management of health care organizations.
· Write clearly and concisely about strategic management of
health care organizations using proper writing mechanics.
IDS 402 Example Issues and Topics for Final Project
For the final project, you will select an issue that relates to one
of the topics addressed in this course.
Review this list, which provides examples of broad issues in
relation to different topics.
Note: This list provides suggestions. Although you can start
from an issue from the list, you will have to
narrow down to a more specific issue. As part of the final

project, you will need to explain the issue and
its relationship to one of the topics discussed in the course as
well as create a plan to address it.
Course Topics Samples of Broad Issues
Art Art therapy
Healing through art
Beauty
Urban planning and design
Transforming
practices and
attitudes
Midwifery
Meditation
Cosmetic lead toxicity
Corsets
Long-term studies of medical conditions
Technological
advances

Wellness apps
Wearable devices
Innovations in healthcare
GMOs
Social attitudes Economic stress
Education levels
transcultural perspective for wellness
Mindfulness
Environment How where people live affects their health
Mining communities
Contamination
Nuclear poisoning
Population density
Community gardens
Milestone One
2

Milestone One
Danya Barber
Southern New Hampshire University
IDS 402
July 14 ,2019

Wellness refers to the state of being in good health. Wellness is
essential for one to work effectively so that the set goals are
met. For the goals to be realized, all the seven areas of health
are important because they are connected. Education is the first
area of health. Education is one of the indicators of life
outcomes, for instance, social status, employment, and income
and can also be used to predict wellbeing and attitude
(Anderson, 2015). Other people apply education as a tool that
helps them in shaping their social identity and establishing an
understanding of their environment. Education shapes the social
identity on how people relate with each other in society. A
positive social identity is characterized by positive results, such
as increased health status, wellbeing, political engagement, and
social trust. Currently, a lot of emphases has been placed on
education, and therefore those with lower education find it
much challenging to positively identify themselves socially
hence negatively affecting their self-esteem and wellbeing
(Anderson, 2015).
Individuals with higher education levels tend to develop much
interest to vie for political positions than those with lower
levels of education. These educated individuals also have got
more social trust than their uneducated counterparts — several

studies confirmed that there are a number of health benefits of
education. Baum &Payea (2013) explains that a more educated
person has a higher probability of getting a good job with
health-promoting packages such as health insurance. On the
other hand, those with low education have higher chances of
doing risky jobs. Those individuals who are more educated are
subjected to more earnings. In 2012 there was a was Population
Survey that was conducted by United States Bureau of Labor
Statistics and the Department of Labor confirming that college
graduates registered twice as many average earnings than their
colleagues who had dropped out of high school one and a half
higher than those who had graduated from high school (Baum
&Payea, 2013).
The families that earn more income are in a position to buy
healthy food, can get time to perform exercises and can afford
to pay for health services and transport cost. Consequently, low
level of education brings about job insecurity, poor pay and the
vulnerability of these individuals and their families are much
higher during hard times leading to poor housing, malnutrition,
and inability to afford medical services. Individuals with higher
education levels and therefore, have got higher incomes do not
suffer from health-related stress that is attached to chronic
social and economic hardships (Baum &Payea, 2013). The
category of individuals with lower levels of education has
limited resources such as social support, high self-esteem to

counter the stress, and
a feeling of control over life.
Education from school and outside school enables individuals to
acquire foster traits and skills that they will use throughout
their lives (Anderson, 2015). Examples of skills include
flexibility, having a sense of self-control, negotiation skills,
developing a wider social network that would ensure that one
makes more friends. The skills help in addressing a wide range
of challenges in one’s entire life and in managing one’s health.
More educated people have a wider social network that makes
them access financial, psychological, and emotional resources
that assists them in reducing the hardship and stress, thereby
helping them improve their health. More educated people can
advocate for what they want hence facilitate a healthier
lifestyle. These people have higher chances of learning healthy
behaviours, which enables them to live a better life.
References
Anderson, D. S. (Ed.). (2015). Wellness issues for higher
education: A guide for student affairs and higher education
professionals. Routledge.
Baum S, Ma J, Payea K. Education Pays 2013: The Benefits of

Higher Education for Individualsand Society. College Board,
2013.
Current Population Survey, U.S. Department of Labor, U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
http://www.bls.gov/emp/ep_table_001.htm.