Report in ecology

1. Ecological Classification
of Fresh water

2. Organisms in Fresh
water (or any other
natural habitat) are
not arranged in
taxonomic order
(such as is followed
in taxonomic text or
systematic museum)
some sort of
classification on an
ecological basis is
useful

3. Autotrophs
(producers)
are green
plants and
chemosynthetic
microorganism.

4. Phagotrophs
(Macroconsumer)
primary,
secondary, etc,
herbivores,
predators,
parasites

5. Saprotrophs
(microconsumer or
decomposers)
Subclassified
according to nature
of the organic
substrate
decomposed

6. Organisn in water may be
classified as to their life form
or life habitat, base on their
mode of life.

7. Benthos
Organism
attached or
resting on the
bottom or living in
the bottom
sediments

8. Periphyton or
Aufwuchs
Organisms (both
plant and animal)
attached or clinging
to stems

9. Plankton
Floating organisms whose
movements are more or
less dependent on current.
While some of the
zooplankton exhibit active
swimming movements that
aid in the maintaining
vertical position plankton as
a whole is unable to move
againts appreciable
currents.

10. Nekton
Swimming organisms
that able to navigate at
will(and hence capable
of avoiding plankton,
nets, water bottles
etc.) Fish amphibians,
large swimming insects
and so fourth.

11. Neuston
Organism
resting or
swimming on
the surface.

12. Finally, organism may be
classified as to region or
subhabitat. In the ponds and
lakes three zones are generally
evident

13. Littoral Zone
The shallow water
region with light
penetration to the
bottom typically
occupied by rooted
plants in natural
ponds and lakes but
not necessarily.

14. Limnetic Zone
The open water
zone to the depht of
effective light
penatration, called
the compensation
level which is the
depth at which
photosynthesis just
balances respiration.

15. Profundal Zone
The bottom and
deep water area
which is beyond
the depth of
effective light
penetration. This
zone is often
absent in ponds.

16. Rapid Zone
Shallow water
where velocity of
current is great
enough to keep the
bottom clear of silt
and other loose
materials, thus
providing a firm
substrate.

17. Pool Zone
Deeper water
where velocity
of current is
reduced and silt
and other loose
materials o be
tend to settle to
the bottom, thus
provide a soft
bottom.

18. The Fresh Water Biota
The major Divisions of plants and many of the major
animal phyla are represented by one or more genera
living in fresh water communities.
LENTIC COMMUNITIES
The biological characteristics of still water bodies.
NATURE AND COMMUNITIES IN THE LITTORAL ZONE
 Producers
 Consumers

19. The Limnetic Zone
The limnetic zone is the well it, open surface waters
in a lake, away from the shore. The vegetation of the
littoral zone surrounds this expance of open water and
its above the profundal zone.

20. THE END
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