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Page 1
The Sounds ofThe Sounds of
LanguageLanguage
Presenter:
Nadeem Anjum
(M.A. English, 2nd
Semester, Roll#1)
Page 2
• Scientific study of production,
transmission & reception of
human speech sounds
PhoneticsPhonetics
Page 3
Branches of PhoneticsBranches of Phonetics
• Articulatory Phonetics (Production)
• Acoustic Phonetics (Transmission)
• Auditory Phonetics (Reception)
Page 4
Page 5
Page 6
Consonant SoundsConsonant Sounds
Consonant sounds can be classified
according to three dimensions:
1.Voicing (voiceless or voiced)
2.The Place of Articulation (where
the sound is made)
3.The Manner of Articulation (how
the sound is made)
Page 7
Page 8
VoicingVoicing
• A sound is voiced if the
vocal cords vibrate.
• A sound is voiceless if the
vocal cords are not
vibrating.
Page 9
Place of ArticulationPlace of Articulation
1. BilaBial- two lips touching each
other
2. laBio dental- lower lip touches the
upper teeth
3. dental- tip of the tongue and the
inner edge of the upper teeth
4. alveolar- tip of the tongue and hard
palate
Page 10
5. Palatal- the tongue
and hard palate
6. velar- dorsal tongue
and soft palate
7. Glottal- throat passage
Page 11
Page 12
Manner of ArticulationManner of Articulation
1. StopS/ploSiveS- These are the sounds
produced when the air stream is blocked
completely before it is abruptly released.
2. FricativeS- These are the sounds
produced when the air stream is
compressed and passes through a small
opening creating friction. The sounds
Page 13
3.aFFricateS- These are the
sounds produced when a plosive is
followed by a fricative.
4. NaSalS- These are the sounds
produced when the oral cavity is
blocked, and so the air passes
through the nose.
Page 14
5. lateral- Sounds are
produced when air stream moves
around the tongue in an
obstructed manner.
6. approximaNt- Sounds that
are close to vowel sounds.
Page 15
What You Need to Know forWhat You Need to Know for
VowelsVowels
• FRONT/CENTRAL/BACK: These three refers
to the position of the tongue from front to
back of the mouth during the production of
the sound.
• HIGH/MID/LOW: This designation refers to
whether the lips are rounded (O shape) or
spread (no rounding) when the sound is
being made.
Page 16
/a /ʊ /a /ɪ / /ɔɪ /e /ɪ
DiphthongsDiphthongs
Page 17
ActivityActivity
Page 18
Consonant
sound
IPA Voicing Place of
Articulation
Manner of
Articulation
s
sh
th
th
ch
zh
j
ng
y
t
Page 19
Consonant
sound
IPA Voicing Place of
Articulation
Manner of
Articulation
s s Voiceless Alveolar Fricative
sh ʃ Voiceless Palatal Fricative
th θ Voiceless Dental Fricative
th ð Voiced Dental Fricative
ch tʃ Voiceless Palatal affricative
zh ʒ Voiced Palatal Fricative
j dʒ Voiced Palatal Affricative
ng ŋ Voiced Velar Nasal
y j Voiced Palatal Glides
t t Voiceless Alveolar Stops
Page 20

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The Sounds of Language

  • 1. Page 1 The Sounds ofThe Sounds of LanguageLanguage Presenter: Nadeem Anjum (M.A. English, 2nd Semester, Roll#1)
  • 2. Page 2 • Scientific study of production, transmission & reception of human speech sounds PhoneticsPhonetics
  • 3. Page 3 Branches of PhoneticsBranches of Phonetics • Articulatory Phonetics (Production) • Acoustic Phonetics (Transmission) • Auditory Phonetics (Reception)
  • 6. Page 6 Consonant SoundsConsonant Sounds Consonant sounds can be classified according to three dimensions: 1.Voicing (voiceless or voiced) 2.The Place of Articulation (where the sound is made) 3.The Manner of Articulation (how the sound is made)
  • 8. Page 8 VoicingVoicing • A sound is voiced if the vocal cords vibrate. • A sound is voiceless if the vocal cords are not vibrating.
  • 9. Page 9 Place of ArticulationPlace of Articulation 1. BilaBial- two lips touching each other 2. laBio dental- lower lip touches the upper teeth 3. dental- tip of the tongue and the inner edge of the upper teeth 4. alveolar- tip of the tongue and hard palate
  • 10. Page 10 5. Palatal- the tongue and hard palate 6. velar- dorsal tongue and soft palate 7. Glottal- throat passage
  • 12. Page 12 Manner of ArticulationManner of Articulation 1. StopS/ploSiveS- These are the sounds produced when the air stream is blocked completely before it is abruptly released. 2. FricativeS- These are the sounds produced when the air stream is compressed and passes through a small opening creating friction. The sounds
  • 13. Page 13 3.aFFricateS- These are the sounds produced when a plosive is followed by a fricative. 4. NaSalS- These are the sounds produced when the oral cavity is blocked, and so the air passes through the nose.
  • 14. Page 14 5. lateral- Sounds are produced when air stream moves around the tongue in an obstructed manner. 6. approximaNt- Sounds that are close to vowel sounds.
  • 15. Page 15 What You Need to Know forWhat You Need to Know for VowelsVowels • FRONT/CENTRAL/BACK: These three refers to the position of the tongue from front to back of the mouth during the production of the sound. • HIGH/MID/LOW: This designation refers to whether the lips are rounded (O shape) or spread (no rounding) when the sound is being made.
  • 16. Page 16 /a /ʊ /a /ɪ / /ɔɪ /e /ɪ DiphthongsDiphthongs
  • 18. Page 18 Consonant sound IPA Voicing Place of Articulation Manner of Articulation s sh th th ch zh j ng y t
  • 19. Page 19 Consonant sound IPA Voicing Place of Articulation Manner of Articulation s s Voiceless Alveolar Fricative sh ʃ Voiceless Palatal Fricative th θ Voiceless Dental Fricative th ð Voiced Dental Fricative ch tʃ Voiceless Palatal affricative zh ʒ Voiced Palatal Fricative j dʒ Voiced Palatal Affricative ng ŋ Voiced Velar Nasal y j Voiced Palatal Glides t t Voiceless Alveolar Stops