Concrete is a mixture of cement, aggregates, and water that binds them together. It typically contains 2-8% voids, 25-40% cement paste, and 60-75% aggregates. Properties of fresh concrete include bleeding, workability, consistency, segregation, and scaling. Workability depends on consistency, mobility, and compactability. Curing concrete involves techniques like ponding, fog spraying, and covering with plastic or curing compounds to support hydration.

1. PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 1
Jr

2. CONCRETE
• IS A MIXTURE OF CEMENT,
AGGREGATES, AND WATER. IT CAN
ALSO BE LOOKED UPON AS A MIXTURE
OOF AGGREGATES BOUND TOGOTHER
USING CEMENT PASTE, CONPRISED OF
PORTLAND CEMENT AND WATER.
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 2
Jr

3. Concrete
• Voids 2%-8%
• Cement paste 25%-40%
• Aggregates 60%-75%
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 3
Jr

4. Properties of fresh
Concrete
BLEEDING—IS THE MOVEMENT AND APPEARANCE
OF WATER AT THE SURFACE OF FLESHLY PLACED
CONCRETE. IT IS THE RESULT OF SETTLEMENT OF
HEAVIER PARTICLES AND CAN BE HOOKED UPON AS
A FORM OF SEGREGATION
WORKABILITY—THE EASE WITH WHICH A FRESH
CONCRETE MIX CAN BE HANDLED FROM THE MIXER
TO THE FINAL STRUCTURE
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 4
Jr

5. WORKABILITY
1.CONSISTENCY
2.MOBILITY
3.COMPACTABILITY
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 5
Jr

6. CONSISTENCY
• IS A MEASURE OF CONCRETE
WETNESS OR FLUIDITY, WICH
DEPENDS ON THE MIX PROPORTIONS
AND PROPERTIES OF THE
INGREDIENTS
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 6
Jr

7. SEGRAGATTION
THE TENDENCY FOR SEPARATION OF
LARGE ANF FINE PARTICLES IN A
FRESH CONCRETE
SCALING
COMPRISES THE SURFACE CRACKS
AND THE REMOVAL OF SURFACE
LAYER IN CONCRETE PRODUCE BY
THE PRESSURE GENERATED WHEN
THE WATER IN CONCRETE PORES
FREEZES
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 7
Jr

8. MIXING, PLACING,
CURING
BATCHING—WEIGHING OUT OR
MEASURING OUT ALL THE
INGREDIENTS FOR A BATCH
OF CONCRETE
1. HAND MIXING
2. TRUCK MIXER OR TRANSIT
MIXER
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 8
Jr

9. TOOLS
• SQUARE POINTED SHOVELS
• TAMPER
• STRIKE BOARD
• WOOD FLOAT
• STEEL(HAND)FLOAT OR TROWEL
• EDGER
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 9
Jr

10. Tools
• SHOVEL EDGER
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 10
Jr

11. FINISHES
• SMOOTH FINISH
• TROWEL FINISH
• BROOM FINISH
• ROCK SALT FINISH
• EXPOSED AGGREGATES FINISH
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 11
Jr

12. CURING
• PONDING
• FOG SPRAYING
• MOIST CURED OR WATER CURED
• COVERING WITH PLASTIC, FIKM, OR
PLASTIC SHEET
• LIQUID CURING COMPOUNDS OR
LIQUID MEMBRAIN FORMOING
COMPOUNDS
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 12
Jr

13. TEMPERATURE
• STEAM CURING
IS ONE OF THE CURING
TECHNIQUES IN WHICH
HYDRATION RATE IS
INCREASED BY SUPPLYING
STEAM
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 13
Jr

14. 2 KINDS OF STEAM
CURING
• ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
• HIGH-PRESSURE STEAM
AUTOCLAVES
4/22/02 Author: Tomas U. Ganiron 14
Jr