The document proposes using overlay networks to make a village of 100 farmers independent from country infrastructure. It identifies energy, food, water, garbage, and communication as key systems. For energy, it suggests a peer-to-peer grid using consistent hashing and incentives to share surplus in a fair way without central control. For food, i-Wat P2P exchange is proposed. Water would also use a grid with catchment and equal distribution. Garbage would have a central recycling station. Communication could use installed 3G with P2P bandwidth and processor sharing to avoid slowdowns. The goal is a self-sustaining community through distributed technologies.

1. 100 farmers story
how Overlay Networks take them apart
from the government structure

2. Problem
Suppose there are 100 farming houses equipped with solar,
wind and small-scale hydroelectric power
How can this village be independent from the country’s
infrastructures?
Identify problems where overlay networking can play, and
Design an ecosystem so that the village can sustain itself

3. Small Farming Ecosystem
Energy
Food
Water
Garbage
Communication

4. Energy

5. Identification
The farmers will be nods of a energy grid
People believe in the peers and make agreements to connect
themselves to the grid
Direct identification becomes necessary for the fairness of
the system: if somebody is abusing, they can be punished
Locality will help it to be accessed faster and reliable

6. Hash Table
Consistent Hashing would
be the fastest way to 1 2 3
organize the grid
5 6 7
Exchange the identifications 4
and understand who is
giving and who is receiving 8 9 10
the information
(Plaxton mesh)

7. Routing
1 2 3
Distributed Hash Table
Consistent Hashing with 4 5 6 7
Tapestry system
every house is a client and 8 9 10
a server itself

8. Hashing
checking the existence of 1 2 3
the nodes
if some node get out, it 4 5 6 7
does the recount re-
organizing it automatically 8 9 10
with consistent hashing

9. Incentive and fairness
Being independent from the government gives people more
freedom to act and saves them money
Being part of the grid, you should be able to get energy from
the closest neighbor that is generating extra energy
You will also be backed up in a time of failure of your own
system

10. Incentive and fairness 2
Given the right incentives, we don’t need a main control
A P2P system in which will punish a bit inefficient energy
user or the non-contributors to the grid by not supporting
them in a case of a high-demand by the other farms
Although a main organization would be the easiest way
to keep the trustworthy of the energy measurements and
distribution, we are trying to be independent and fair

11. Incentive and fairness 3
Not everyone need to be a contributor, but being one reduces
your costs in the long run and can even be an extra credit
source for your farm
If the use of energy of a farm is growing too much, they
would be advised to invest more in energy since they are
growing and can be even bigger
it would motivate them to supply the grid

12. Rendezvous
looks a bit like “i3” 1E 1W 1S
it will guarantee that the
farmers always find the 2E 2W 2S 3E
resources
not enough energy in the 3S 3W 4W
grid is a big threat

13. Rendezvous 2
Bayeux: multicast 1E 1W 1S
identifiers and routing
farms can find the fastest 2E 2W 2S 3E
way to get energy from the
closest place offering 3S 3W 4W
(red arrow)

14. Rendezvous 3
not enough energy scenario: 1E
! 1W 1S
the system distributes the
! !
energy offering a equally 2E 2W 2S 3E
small packet for each farm
!
it holds the production, but 3S 3W 4W
avoids the total blackout

15. self-organization
Diffusion group with Client/Servers system
Every energy source in the village (water, wind, solar) would
give the extra energy not used by the owner to the grid.

16. P2P economy
none of the internet P2P systems showed at class would be
perfect for the energy distribution because:
different farms have different influences of power and
they understand that
in a normal situation, there is no motivation to be unfair,
keeping the system, in general, prevented from malicious
attacks
we don’t want a main monetary control for the farmers

17. P2P economy
A friendly sharing system:
if you consume more than you produce you give the extra
to the grid for free
with the farms growing because of that help, that farmers
would have eventually to invest in energy themselves. Being,
in the future, an energy provider himself

18. Food

19. P2P economy i-Wat
The i-Wat system would
work really well inside a
community with just 100
farmers for the food
exchange

20. Water

21. Water supply
This is a important issue
because is based in
geographic location
A fair system would be the
rationalization of water to
supply the whole community
equal

22. Water supply 2
Rain water catchment would
also have to be implemented
and supply a water grid a lot
alike the energy one
Since water is even more vital,
the distribution needs to be as
fair as possible

23. Garbage

24. Recycling?
This is a point where having a
central recycling station for
solids inside the society would
be the most viable way
The organic material could be
used by the farm itself for
fertilizer or even bio-fuel
contributing to the grid

25. Communication

26. Still dependable?
This is a really hard issue in
independence because is too
expensive for 100 farmers to
create their own
communication system

27. 3G + P2P
A form to have a nice cost-
performance is installing 3G
antennas making the internet
access from anywhere in the farm
areas possible
To avoid slow internet or
processing, P2P can be used to
share the bandwidth or even CPU
processor to the whole system

28. Overlay Networks
Professor: Saito Kenji
Student: Gustavo Dore
Student number: 80936693
dore@kmd.keio.ac.jp