1. Giovanni daVerrazano By: Natalie and Justin L. P6A

2. Birth: 1481 Death: 1528 Birthplace: Tuscany, Italy Well educated. Employed in the maritime service of France Lived in Lyons, France as a child. He was an Italian explorer who sailed for France.

3. Set sail in January 1524 with a fleet of four ships. Funded by Francis I, king of France, and Lyons merchants. Primary goal was to find a northwest passage to China and the Far East. Lasted six months. He failed to discover the northwest passage. Instead he made his first landing on American shores.

4. 1524 Voyage Route Verrazano sailed west from France to Cape Fear, North Carolina. While exploring the coastline he found Pamlico Sound. Travelling further north he discovered New York Harbour, Block Island, and Narragansett Bay. He sailed even further north to Maine and Newfoundland before returning to France.

5. Set sail in June 1526 and returned in September 1527. Sponsored by Phillipe Chabot, an admiral of France. Plan to further explore westward in search of a route to the Spice Islands (Indonesia and Malaysia). During the voyage his men mutinied and ordered him to return to France. Verrazano sailed to Brazil instead and loaded up the ship with a red dye wood named brazilwood.

6. Set sail late April or early May 1528. His goal was to explore and harvest more brazilwood. His ship La Flamengue first landed along the coast of Florida, and then sailed south, to Abaco and the Bahamas. Then southward to the northern coast of South America. From there the ship traveled west to the coast of Darien. He went ashore with six men to one of the islands (possibly Guadeloupe), where he was killed by unfriendly natives.

7. Hardships Faced King Francis I, was hesitant to sponsor Verrazano because of the war against Spain. On his first voyage in 1524, a tremendous gale delayed Verrazano’s departure. A storm then sank two of the four ships with the loss of 200 Frenchmen. Only two of his ships, Le Dauphine ( his flagship) and the Normande, made it back to port. King Francis I, recalled the Normande to fight against the Spanish. Verrazano was left with the smallest vessel. During the Brazil voyage the crew mutinied.

8. Other notable occurrences One other voyage before his 1524 expedition was the Thomas Aubert expedition to Newfoundland in 1508. This provided a basis for his continued interest in exploration of the Americas. He kept a log book with details of his daily sun observations and longitude and latitude positions. As a corsair, Verrazano intercepted a shipment of treasure worth over $2 million on its way to Spain. Verrazano was killed and eaten by cannibalistic Carib natives in front of his brother.

9. Historical Contributions First European to sight New York and Narragansett bays. Recorded details of the landscape along the coast of Florida to Newfoundland (dunes, forests, hills, coastlines, etc.) His discoveries altered the construction and details of maps used by explorers who came after him. In 1529, Gerolamo Verrazano, the brother of the late Giovanni, produced his famous world map, based on the explorations and discoveries of the voyages. New York Harbor's Verrazano Narrows Bridge commemorates his epic voyages.

10. Navigational Tools Used Verrazano had a compass, lead line, astrolabe, cross staff, quadrant, traverse board, and tide calculator to available help with navigation.

11. Quiz

12. Bibliography Books Maestro, B & Maestro, G 1994, Exploration and conquest, Lee & Shepard Books, New York City, New York. Sansevere-Dreher, D 1992, Explorers who got lost, Tom Doherty Associates, New York City, New York. Websites Engels, A , viewed 7 April 2010, <www.win.tue.nl/~engels/discovery/verrazzano.html>. Museum Planet, viewed 26 April 2010, <http://www.museumplanet.com/tour.php/nyc/bp/16>. Mariner's Museum, viewed 26 April 2010, <http://ww2.mariner.org/exploration/index.php?type=explorersection&id=70>. Encyclopaedia Delpar, Helen. "Verrazzano, Giovanni da." World Book Student. World Book, 2010. Web. 29 April 2010.

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