HTML is a markup language used to define web pages. It uses tags surrounded by angle brackets to structure and layout content. HTML documents contain elements like headings, paragraphs, and lists that are defined by opening and closing tags. CSS can be used to style HTML elements and documents. CSS rules contain selectors that target elements to style along with declarations that define properties and values to set styles like color, font, size, and more. CSS can be applied via internal, inline, and external stylesheets.