The document discusses the background research for a project on urban spaces and digital technologies. It summarizes several concepts from literature on cities and digital technologies, including "city of bits," "neogeography," "palimpsest of place," "soft-city," "informational membrane," "from cyber-space to cyber-local," "from data-space to code/space, coded space, and background coded space," and "from data-space to digi-place." The concepts are used to build understanding of how digital technologies and data create new hybrid physical-digital urban spaces and experiences.

1. 23.11.2011 | giorgialupi | DensityDesign

2. Lo.fi 72 pixel - inch |
incubatori culturali non
convenzionali per la provincia di
Bolzano
2006 | facoltà di architettura, Ferrara

3. Lo.fi 72 pixel - inch |
incubatori culturali non convenzionali per la provincia di Bolzano
2006 | facoltà di architettura, Ferrara

4. # riconoscimento
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# segnalazione
# indicazioni per lʼuso
Lo.fi 72 pixel - inch |
incubatori culturali non convenzionali per la provincia di Bolzano
2006 | facoltà di architettura, Ferrara

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2007 | provincia Autonoma di Bolzano

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2007 | provincia Autonoma di Bolzano

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2007 | provincia Autonoma di Bolzano

8. il Piano dei Servizi per il
Comune di Milano
2008 | 2009 Comune di Milano - InteractionDesignLab

9. il piano dei servizi per il comune di milano
2008 | 2009 Comune di Milano - InteractionDesignLab

10. # ascolto
# incrocio
# restituzione
# (processo)
# (strumento a supporto delle decisioni)
il piano dei servizi per il comune di milano
2008 | 2009 Comune di Milano - InteractionDesignLab

11. 2007 | 2011
(dimensione urbana) N!03
lucaemanueli (installazioni interattive multimediali)
(mappature territoriali) (visualizzazione)
(spazio pubblico)
interaction design-lab
(sistemi informativi alla
scala del territorio)
accurat
comunicazione
sistemi di informazione

12. percezione dello spazio urbano
aspetti esperienziali in spazi e contesti sociali pubblici
2011 | Politecnico di Milano, Design della Comunicazione

13. spazio percepito, i sensi
spazio ed affettività
lʼapproccio psicologico ambientale
osservazione e misurazioni
comportamenti misurabili
spazio ed emozioni
modelli esperienziali
gennaio - ottobre 2011

14. spazio percepito, i racconti
le immagini della città
(il lavoro di kevin lynch)
emotional Nold)
(il lavorodi Christian
mapping
gennaio - ottobre 2011

15. spazio e socialità
spazio pubblico e social
behaviourwhyte)
(il lavoro di william
il analisi di Erving Goffman)
(le
comportamento in pubblico
gennaio - ottobre 2011

16. spazio e performatività
*triangulationper lʼinterazione)
(william whyte, il pretesto
arte relazionale nello spazio pubblico)
(casi studio, interazioni progettate
arte pubblica
(casi studio, interazioni progettate nello spazio pubblico)
usiee mis-usi
spazi invito allʼazione
*displacement
*incompleteness
gennaio - ottobre 2011

17. città e desideri, ascolto?
on-linele e off-line
(casi studio, possibilità per intercettare
desideri, bisogni ed idee: laboratori urbani,
piattaforme ed applicazioni)
gennaio - ottobre 2011

18. dallo spazio fisico
spazio
ad uno
multidimensionale
flussi / connessioni / informazioni / dati / sensori / reti / tempo / percorsi ....
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

19. costruzione del background:
city of bits
[William Mitchell]
“...a new type of city, an increasingly important
system of virtual spaces interconnected by
the information superhighway...
an accessible examination of architecture and
urbanism in the context of the digital
telecommunications revolution, the ongoing
miniaturization of electronics, the
commodification of bits, and the growing
domination of software over materialized
form.”
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

20. costruzione del background:
neogeography *
1922-2006
[2006 Randall Szott]
[...] a diverse set of practices that (mostly) fall outside
the professional geographic domain.
[...]
Neogeography is, or should be, broad enough to
include, urban exploration and its Situationist
offspring (like psychogeography), illegal architecture,
site-specific sculpture, collaborative mapping, geo-
tagging, guided walks, ephemeral cities (Burning Man
[the event]
for instance), imaginary urban planning (see Urville),
altered maps, travel writing, place
based photo blogging, etc.
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

21. costruzione del background:
palimpstest of place
[Mark Graham]
The term palimpsest was originally used to refer to
medieval writing blocks that could be reused while still
retaining traces of earlier inscriptions (Crang 1998)
More recently the word has been used by authors,
artists, poets, photographers and geographers to
describe the multitude of present and past discursive
and physical layers that are used by people toi nterpret
place (c.f. Sizemore 1984; Bradshaw & Williams 1999;
Huk 2000; Basu 2002; Marsh 2003; Mohr 2003; Lutz
2004; Alexander 2007; Mitin 2007).
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

22. costruzione del background:
soft-city
[John Pickles]
new models to describe the city: an extended model
that replaces the idea of structure with the vision of a
soft-city based on concepts similar to those of biology
rather than the static categories of traditional urban
planning .
The underlying idea of this approach undertakes the
experience of reality as a network of multiple,
fragmented and temporary data and information
generated by human-place interactions: cities seen and
lived by local media, international media, tourists or
citizens. This stratification of experiences demands
new modes of inquiry and synthesis: a new generation
of city maps capable of defining and visualizing both
the physical and the social, as well as the individual
and the collective narratives.
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

23. costruzione del background:
informational membrane
[Mark Graham]
new sources of information are emerging from the
digitalization of contemporary cities, through
technologies embedded into streets and buildings or
carried by people and vehicles. An informational
membrane seems to appear over the urban fabrics
(Graham, 2010). By looking at this membrane, the
invisible city dynamics may be observed, providing
new insights to reshape spaces, policies, flows and
services that define the city.
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

24. costruzione del background:
from cyber-space
[Gillespie & Williams 1988;
Cairncross 1997; Anderson 2005]
Cyberspace,' in this sense, is conceived of as both an
ethereal alternate dimension which is simultaneously
infinite and everywhere (because everyone with an
Internet connection can enter), and as fixed in a
distinct location, albeit a non-physical one (because
despite being infinitely accessible all willing
participants are thought to arrive into the same
marketspace, civic forum, and social space).
'Cyberspace,' in this sense truly becomes a global
village.
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

25. costruzione del background:
to cyber-local
[ Matthew Zook, Mark Graham]
Digital databases (accessible via cyberspace) which
are intimately linked to specific physical places.
Cyberlocalities can either be formed by synchronous or
asynchronous links to the physical world.
*Synchronous cyberlocalities are characterized by a direct
feedback mechanism between physical- and cyber-space.
Examples include webcams, live glogs , or other websites
with a focus on real-time information.
*Examples of asynchronous cyberlocalities are local
search engines (such as GoogleLocal), travel web-forums4,
and a variety of other geographically focused websites.
Cyber-localities can be entered into from any access point
regardless of physical location, but come into being and
are intimately shaped by the properties of specific
physical places.
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

26. costruzione del background:
to data-space
[ Thrift, French, Dodge, Kitchin,
Zook, Graham]
is a hybrid space constructed by the embedding of
information, or code, in physical places and the resulting
“automatic production of space”
* three distinct types of dataspace:
_‘code/space’,
_‘coded space’,
_‘background coded space’
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

27. costruzione del background:
to data-space
[ Thrift, French, Dodge, Kitchin,
Zook, Graham]
_‘code/space’, / spaces that cease to function
according to their designed purposes when
code fails. such as airports, ATM machines,
and subway ticket machines
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

28. costruzione del background:
to data-space
[ Thrift, French, Dodge, Kitchin,
Zook, Graham]
_‘coded space’, / spaces in which code is important, yet not
essential, to the ability of those spaces to serve their built
purpose. Digital highway signs which update electronically
based on traffic conditions, RSS feeds of stock market,
weather, or forum updates onto personal computers....
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

29. costruzione del background:
to data-space
[ Thrift, French, Dodge, Kitchin,
Zook, Graham]
_‘background coded space’ / A combination of Wi-Fi,
radio, and cell phone signals and the devices which can
make use of them when activated are examples of
background coded situations where code can potentially
mediate a solution to a problem. Once the code is
activated, the space becomes either code/space or coded
space.
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

30. costruzione del background:
to digi-place
[ Matthew Zook, Mark Graham]
that is: the use of information ranked and mapped in
cyberspace to navigate and understand physical
places. They review and mix different theories of
hybrid combinations of physical and virtual space,
how software (code) automatically produces space,
and how the politics of code (particularly map
generating code) shape the representation of places.
The resulting DigiPlace (geocoded and mapped
cyberlocal data accessed via coded space by mobile
users) provides its inhabitants with a paradoxically
complex (in the amount of geo-coded information that
can be queried) yet simple (generally a user will limit
themselves to the top ten search results plotted on a
simple map) representation of the places they
inhabit.
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

31. costruzione del background:
to .....
[ in progress ]
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

32. design? (comunicazione)
quale può essere il ruolo ed
in contributo?
che dati?
quali strumenti?
quali metodi?
che interlocutori?
focus 1
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

33. urban sensing through UGC
The project goal is the development of a
platform that applies text mining and
conversation analysis to geolocalized user
generated content (real-time data coming from
Twitter, Facebook, FourSquare, Flickr) in order
to return meaningful visual images and maps
about citizens' perception of public services,
urban public spaces, and of the city as a whole.
> SMEs
* LUST (NL)
* MVRDV (NL)
* EXPERIENTIA (IT)
* INFRASONIC (IR)
focus 2 / European Call / FP6 - scadenza 7 dicembre
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

34. urban operating system
dashboards
urban patterns through text mining analysis on
user generated content
The project aim is providing urban managers
and public administrations with meaningful data
useful to generate new questions about the city
in order to bring new perspectives on decision
making and policies identification and
evaluation. Furthermore the project will
contribute to the definition of new sustainable
urban indicators capable to intercept current
urban dynamics and citizens perceptions.
* Politecnico, Density Design, Milano
* La Sapienza, Roma
* Tuke, Slovenia
*....
focus 2 / European Call / FP7 - scadenza 17 gennaio
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

35. infostructures?
realtime inquirable visual
tools as a support for
territorial political decision
making processes
focus 2 / una prima domanda di ricerca
novembre 2011 | DensityDesign

36. prossimi passi
focus 3 ?
[many different ways os
urban sensing
[background on sensing / different kind
“data” spaces] of data]

37. prossimi passi
focus 3 ?
[how to properly select
info-structure? and cross gathered
data]
[many different ways of
urban sensing
[background on sensing / different kind
“data” spaces] of data]

38. prossimi passi
focus 3 ?
[how to properly
representing represent and return
realtime inquirable
interfaces and
indicators?]
[how to properly select
info-structure? and cross gathered
data]
[many different ways of
urban sensing
[background on sensing / different kind
“data” spaces] of data]

39. prossimi passi
focus 3 ?
representing
info-structure?
urban sensing

40. prossimi passi
focus 3 ?
representing
[focusing on a specific issue]
cultural offer, migration, perceived quality, tourism...
info-structure?
urban sensing

41. prossimi passi
focus 3 ?
representing
[focusing on the interface?]
visualization / user experience with the interface?
info-structure?
urban sensing

42. prossimi passi:
_analisi casi studio
_completamento background
_ricognizione possibilità concrete
_linea di ricerca precisa

43. infostructures?
realtime inquirable visual
tools as a support for
territorial political decision
making processes

44. 23.11.2011 | giorgialupi | DensityDesign