How to express the future.

1. TALKING ABOUT...

2. THERE ARE DIFFERENT WAYS TO
EXPRESS THE FUTURE...

3. TAKE A LOOK!
GOING TO WILL
Affirmatives: Subject + am Affirmatives: Subject + will +
/is/are + going to + base verb. base verb.
Negatives: Subject + am/is/are Negatives: subject + won't +
not + going to + base verb. base verb.
Questions: am/is/are + subject Questions: will + subject + base
+ going to + base verb. verb.
● Be careful!
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
The future of can is will be able.
Affirmatives: Subject +
am/is/are + gerund (ing). The future of there is/are is
there will be.
Negatives: subject + am/is/are
not + gerund.
Questions: am/is/are + subject +
gerund.

4. BE CAREFUL WITH THE PRONUNCIATION OF THE
FOLLOWING WORDS:
● It will = it'll ● Will not = won't ● Want
/ˈɪtəl/ /wəʊnt/ /wɒnt/
E.g. It'll rain E.g. I won't leave E.g. I want to live
tomorrow. you. you.

5. BUT THERE ARE ALSO DIFFERENT
WAYS TO USE THEM...

6. MAKING PLANS

7. BUT, WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS GOING TO
● We use the present continuous ● We use 'going to' for
for ARRANGEMENTS INTENTIONS, DECISIONS
E.g. I'm getting married on E.g. I'm going to ask her to marry
Saturday, at 12.30 pm. me.
● HOWEVER....
Many people use 'going to' and 'present continuous' alternatively.
E.g. What are you doing tonight? What are you going to do tonight?

8. BUT, BE CAREFUL!
This is a typical mistake: Moreover...
✗ What do you do this evening? I Verbs 'come' and 'go' ARE NOT
go to the cinema. generally used with 'going to', but
Instead, we say: with 'present continuous':
✔What are you doing this ●
E.g. I'm going shopping.
evening? I'm going to the cinema. ●
I'm coming to France.

9. PREDICTING THE FUTURE...
● It's going to rain. ● I'm sure Zapatero won't win
the election.

10. BUT WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE?
● WILL. ● GOING TO
We use it to make We use it to make
INSTANT predictions in predictions BEFORE the
reaction to what another moment of speaking.
person says:
HOWEVER:
Example:
Both forms are possible for
A- I'm going to see the new making predictions:
Tarantino film tonight.
I'm sure Zapatero won't win
B -You won't like it. the election.
● Will is the most common I'm sure Zapatero isnt'
one when making going to win the election.
predictions.

11. OFFERS
● I'll help you. ● Shall I offer you a cup of
coffee?

12. SHALL VS WILL
● SHALL ● WILL
We use it to make offers or We use it to offer our help
invite someone to do to someone.
something.
We only use it in affirmative
BUT we can only use it in sentences, NOT IN
questions and with the first QUESTIONS.
person singular and plural.
Compare:
E.g. Shall I help you?
Shall I help you?
Shall we dance?
Vs
Will I help you?
Is there any difference in
meaning?

13. DECISIONS
● I won't have the fish, I'll
take the steak.
We use the future with will
to express our
DECISIONS.
Other examples:
I won't go home, I'll go with
you.
I won't buy the red skirt, I'll
buy the black one.

14. MAKING PROMISES
We can use will to make promises.
What else can you do with promises?