Smart Charging & the ChargeTO Pilot Slides from Webinar

Smart-Charging & The ChargeTO Pilot
Matt Stevens, Ph.D., CEO
EMC Webinar Series
ChargeTO Pilot
Who, What, When,
….and Why
Charging Without
Smart-Charging
Charging With
Smart-Charging
1 2 3

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
CrossChasm & FleetCarma Clarification
Two names - one team
Enterprise Grade
Connected Car Platforms
Electric Vehicle
Connected Car Platforms
Focuses on developing best-in-world
connected car technology for OEMs
and technology developers
Focuses on driving EV adoption by
reducing purchasing barriers and
improving the ownership experience
A single team supports both product lines and the names are used interchangeably.
Smart-charging systems fall under the FleetCarma umbrella.

Charging Without
Smart-Charging
Charging With
Smart-Charging
1 2 3ChargeTO Pilot
Who, What, When,
….and Why

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Funded through the Ontario Ministry of
Energy’s Smart Grid Fund.
The project team includes:
• Ministry of Energy
• Toronto Hydro
• AddÉnergie Technologies
• FleetCarma (aka CrossChasm)
Networked EVSE partner:
Who… Part 1
Project Partners

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Who… Part 2
Project Partners
And the most important project partners -
30 EV Owners from Toronto
Participants had to:
• Own an EV & live in TH service area
• Have an existing L2 EVSE installed
• Be willing to have their charge controlled
For participating they received:
• Free Core+ AddÉnergie EVSE
• Free FleetCarma EV device (myEV after)
And a thank you to Plug’n Drive who assisted
on the recruitment efforts.
Had over 100 people register for the 30
spots.

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Now!
Now!
Now!
Dumb Charging Scheduled Charging Smart Charging
Charging begins as soon as you
plug in.
Charging is delayed until a preset
start time or to finish at a specific
end time
(ie. low time-of-use rates)
Charging may begin immediately
but can be reduced/delayed based
upon external factors.
Partial control may be given to 3rd
party (ie. utility or building)
What…
Smart-Charging Intro

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Driver
Preferences
Control Pathways
What…
How the system works
AddÉnergie
Back-End
FleetCarma Charge
Management
Controller
Utility Command Signal
(Max Power Request)
The EV owner “sets & forgets” their needs &
auto-enroll criteria in the FleetCarma portal.
Using the FleetCarma logger clipped in the
vehicle the system can determine the needs
of each EV owner. The system then
automatically queues charging if the grid
needs it.
The system ensures the vehicle is fully
charged by a specific time (TCIN).
By taking the EV owner needs as the primary
objective the risk to the EV owners is
minimized, which results in easier
recruitment of participants.

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
When…
Project Timing
The 15-month project is split into four phases, starting in Nov 2014 and concluding in Jan 2016.
The project is currently slightly ahead of schedule and under budget.
As a result two additions have been made:
1. Inclusion of a variable incentive plan for an initial evaluation of incentive effectiveness.
2. Inclusion of additional reporting for CDM reimbursement (focused on accurate attribution)

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Why…
Theoretical Benefits of Smart-Charging
Cost Savings Revenue Opportunities
Frequency Regulation
Operating Reserves
Reduction of GHG intensity
(integration with renewables)
Time of Use Rates
Reduced Demand Charges
Capacity Upgrade Costs
(facility, distribution, or transmission)
Depending on the specific electricity market and application the main cost/revenue drivers will vary.

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Why…
Operating Reserves
Time of Use Rates
Ex. Residential charging in a market with nearly 100% hydro (ie. Residential charging in Quebec)

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Why…
Operating Reserves
Time of Use Rates
Ex. Workplace charging in a market with nearly 100% hydro (ie. Workplace charging in BC)

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Why…
Cost Savings
Time of Use Rates
Ex. Workplace charging in a market with nuclear power, renewables, and GHG cap & trade being
introduced (ie. Workplace charging in Ontario)
Revenue Opportunities
Operating Reserves

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
And what we are hearing from fleets
“We are interested in smart charging because demand
charges are starting to make the EV ROI difficult”
~ US private company
“At some point we will not be able to install a charging
station for every EV we add to the fleet”
~ Canadian municipality
“Adding 20 more EVs will cost us $150K in service
upgrade costs” ~ US municipality

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Why…
ChargeTO (this pilot)
All of the theoretical benefits of smart-charging rely on one assumption…
That EV owners will permit reasonable access to their charging.
Strong work has been done to track what EV and potential EV owners say they would be willing to do.
--
ChargeTO seeks to answer the following questions with real EV owners that are actually being curtailed:
1. How comfortable are EV owners with controlled charging in the FleetCarma system?
2. What is the average kW/vehicle of curtailment capacity that is available to the utility (per hr of day)?
3. How does the average kW/vehicle of curtailment capacity vary by EV owner type?
4. What is the $ of curtailment value per vehicle?
5. How does the $ of curtailment value per vehicle vary by EV owner type?

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Baseline Charging Behaviour
Average Charging Load Heatmap

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Typical Peak Loads – 5:00-8:00 pm  No charging timer
“Dumb” Charging
50%of ChargeTO
Participants

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Second “EV Peak” – 12:30-5:00 am  With a charging timer
“Delayed - Start” Charging
36%of ChargeTO
Participants

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Second “EV Peak” – 1:00-5:00 am  With a charging timer
“Delayed - Departure” Charging
14%of ChargeTO
Participants

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
February 23-27 (Work-Week) February 21-22 (Weekend)
Feb 2015 – Average Charging Load

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
16 MW peak
(June 2019)
Baseline Charging Data
Resulting EV Charging Load in Toronto Hydro Service Area Based on Participant’s Actual Data
Current & Predicted Electric Vehicle Charging Loads in Toronto Hydro Service Area

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
4%
4%
13%
26%
52%
Pure Commuter
Commuter with Daytime trips
Commuter with Evening trips
Commuter with Both Daytime and
Evening trips
Unpredictable
Baseline Driving Data
Variances in driving style

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Baseline Charging Data
Summary
1. Driving behaviour varies by owner
2. Charging needs (kWh) vary by owner
3. Baseline charge behaviour (immediate/delayed) vary by owner
4. Baseline charge behaviour varies by day
5. Baseline charge behaviour varies by model
Also, assuming the participants’ actual charging behaviour is representative of all Toronto EV owners:
1. Current charging load in Toronto peaks at ~1MW.
2. Charging load has multiple peaks. The most prominent one varies by month (ie. ~7:30pm for Feb).
3. Charging load in Toronto is predicted to rise to 16MW in under four years.

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Smart-Charging
EV Owner View/Preferences
The EV owner view is
responsive so that it is
easily viewed on a mobile
devices.
There are three “knobs”
for the EV owners to turn.
This will be described in
detail on the next slide.

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Smart-Charging
EV Owner View/Preferences
The EV Owner expresses their needs/interests in the following three steps:
1. Only consider me for curtailment if my SOC is above…
2. And you can have me fully charged by…
3. And I haven’t hit the 24hr opt-out button.
So…
If I’m above the min-SOC, and you can
have me fully charged by when I need,
and I haven’t hit the 24hr opt-out, then
I’m available for curtailment.

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Smart-Charging
Raw-Data Export From a Curtailed Charging Event
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
1.00
8.00
15.00
22.00
29.00
36.00
43.00
50.00
57.00
64.00
71.00
78.00
85.00
92.00
99.00
106.00
113.00
120.00
127.00
134.00
141.00
148.00
155.00
162.00
169.00
176.00
183.00
190.00
197.00
204.00
211.00
218.00
225.00
232.00
239.00
246.00
253.00
260.00
267.00
274.00
281.00
288.00
295.00
302.00
309.00
316.00
323.00
330.00
337.00
344.00
351.00
SOC(%)
ChargerPower(kW)
Charge Duration [min]
Charger Power SOC
Unthrottled
Throttled
Stopped
Slightly throttled
Natural charge
completion

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Smart-Charging
The Utility View
Only shows charging station location
to protect EV owner privacy
(info utility already has)
The utility max load request
27kW of curtailment last night

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Smart-Charging
Incentive Plan
Group 1:
Opt-in Incentive
(+$0.50 for each day
opted-in)
Group 2:
Opt-out Incentive
(-$0.50 for each day
opted-out)
How can we most efficiently make vehicles more available for curtailment?
1) Three reward options: personal (gift certificate), social (kiva.org), environmental (bullfrog)
2) Two incentive groups, compared to a control group with no incentive:

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Smart-Charging
Baseline min-SOC threshold

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Top 3 Reasons for Joining ChargeTO Pilot
• Desire to help advance EV adoption, sustainability, etc. (10 responses)
• Free Level 2 AddEnergie EVSE (8 responses)
• Access to vehicle monitoring data (4 responses)
Most Common Comment about the Smart-Charging Portal:
• It was easy to use, no issues. (14 responses)
Other Common Comments and Trends
• Weekly or seasonal changes in driving patterns
• Interested in TOU pricing or already use a charging timer (10 responses)
Smart-Charging Participant Interviews
Some Highlights

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
“With the Smart-Charging system in place the way that it is, do you feel comfortable that you
will have charge when you need it once we begin curtailment testing?”
Smart-Charging Participant Interviews
Comfort with the FleetCarma Smart-Charging System
88%
8%
4%
Yes No Somewhat
~90% of participants are comfortable with the existing auto-enroll criteria.

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
1) Incentive phase and analysis of incentive results (Oct. & Nov.)
2) Finalize reporting feature in portal for CDM reimbursement (Oct.)
3) Final charge optimization testing (Dec.)
4) Final participant interviews (Dec.)
5) Uninstall FleetCarma C5 vehicle loggers, swap for myEV units (Jan. 2016)
6) Data analysis and final reporting (Jan. 2016)
ChargeTO
Steps between now and completion

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
100
ChargeTO
The Four Most Important Results to Date
days of active
curtailment
reports of “the system
curtailed me & I wasn’t
fully charged on time”
(a few EVSE installation
issues though…)
0
reduction in daily
peak charging load.
This is the % of peak
load that can be
shed every night.
51% 85%
temporary reduction
in peak charging load
This is load that can
be shed for a
temporary period
(<1hr)
Extrapolating to the June 2019 values this would represent an active daily management
curtailable load of 10MW, with the ability to curtail up to 14MW for periods of up to an hour.

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
We’re excited to announce the following upcoming projects:
• NB Power Fleet Smart-Charging Project (in cooperation with Siemens)
• Burlington Hydro Residential Smart-Charging Project
• Oakville Hydro Residential Smart-Charging Project
• BC Hydro Fleet Smart-Charging Project (in cooperation with Powertech)
These projects are partially supported by SDTC and will include the addition of OpenADR compliance for
the FleetCarma Smart-Charging System.
What is next?
Upcoming Canadian Projects
5
6 4
2
Canada
USA
U.K. Germany
Electric Vehicle Devices Deployed
In 23 countries with 150+ clients
Smart Charging Projects
17 projects in 4 countries
Smart Charging Deployments
+ residential
+ workplace
+ fleet

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Thank you
A few folks we want to wish a big thank you to…
A big thank you to:
• The participants of the ChargeTO Program
• Ministry of Energy for supporting the program through SGF
• Toronto Hydro and AddÉnergie for being great project partners
• Plug’n Drive for helping promote the program
• Jen, Simone, Sunny, and the rest of the FleetCarma team for all the work on this project
• EMC for hosting this webinar
• NBPower, Burlington Hydro, Oakville Hydro, BC Hydro, Powertech, and SDTC.
And….

ChargeTO
Driving EV Adoption
Matt Stevens, Ph.D.
mstevens@fleetcarma.com
519.404.5987 (cell)
Thank you for your time!
Thank you for your time!
We’re looking for partners to end a world of dumb charging. Interested in teaming up?
My motivation…
5,534 days until her 16th
birthday

Smart Charging & the ChargeTO Pilot Slides from Webinar

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