2. The Periodic Table point1: Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in the outer shell (this correspond to their group number) entrancei.com H Hg Au Pt Xe I Ag Kr Br Zn Cu Ni Fe Ca K Ar Cl S P Si Al Mg Na Ne F O N C B Be Li He E.g. all group 1 metals have __ electron in their outer shell These elements have __ electrons in their outer shell These elements have __ electrons in their outer shells
3. Periodic table Horizontal rows are called PERIODS entrancei.com The periodic table arranges all the elements in groups according to their properties. Vertical columns are called GROUPS
4. The Periodic Table Point.. 2: As you move down through the periods an extra electron shell is added: entrancei.com H Hg Au Pt Xe I Ag Kr Br Zn Cu Ni Fe Ca K Ar Cl S P Si Al Mg Na Ne F O N C B Be Li He E.g. Lithium has 3 electron in the configuration 2,1 Potassium has 19 electrons in the configuration __,__,__ Sodium has 11 electrons in the configuration 2,8,1
5. The Periodic Table point 3: Most of the elements are metals: entrancei.com H Hg Au Pt Xe I Ag Kr Br Zn Cu Ni Fe Ca K Ar Cl S P Si Al Mg Na Ne F O N C B Be Li He These elements are metals This line divides metals from non-metals These elements are non-metals
8. Group 0 – The Noble gases entrancei.com Rn Xe Kr Ar Ne He
9.
10. Group 1 – The alkali metals entrancei.com Fr Cs Rb K Na Li
11. Group 7 – The halogens entrancei.com At I Br Cl F
12. Group 7 – The Halogens Some facts… 1) Reactivity DECREASES as you go down the group (This is because the electrons are further away from the nucleus and so any extra electrons aren’t attracted as much). 2) They exist as diatomic molecules (so that they both have a full outer shell): 3) Because of this fluorine and chlorine are liquid at room temperature and bromine is a gas entrancei.com Decreasing reactivity Cl Cl
13. Name: Hydrogen Symbol: H Atomic Number: 1 Atomic Mass: 1.00794 amu Melting Point: -259.14 °C (14.009985 °K, -434.45203 °F) Boiling Point: -252.87 °C (20.280005 °K, -423.166 °F) entrancei.com
14. Name: Helium Symbol: He Atomic Number: 2 Atomic Mass: 4.002602 amu Melting Point: -272.0 °C (1.15 °K, -457.6 °F) Boiling Point: -268.6 °C (4.549994 °K, -451.48 °F) entrancei.com
15. Name: Lithium Symbol: Li Atomic Number: 3 Atomic Mass: 6.941 amu Melting Point: 180.54 °C (453.69 °K, 356.972 °F) Boiling Point: 1347.0 °C (1620.15 °K, 2456.6 °F) entrancei.com
16. Name: Beryllium Symbol: Be Atomic Number: 4 Atomic Mass: 9.012182 amu Melting Point: 1278.0 °C (1551.15 °K, 2332.4 °F) Boiling Point: 2970.0 °C (3243.15 °K, 5378.0 °F) entrancei.com
17. Name: Boron Symbol: B Atomic Number: 5 Atomic Mass: 10.811 amu Melting Point: 2300.0 °C (2573.15 °K, 4172.0 °F) Boiling Point: 2550.0 °C (2823.15 °K, 4622.0 °F) entrancei.com
18. Name: Carbon Symbol: C Atomic Number: 6 Atomic Mass: 12.0107 amu Melting Point: 3500.0 °C (3773.15 °K, 6332.0 °F) Boiling Point: 4827.0 °C (5100.15 °K, 8720.6 °F) entrancei.com
19. Name: Nitrogen Symbol: N Atomic Number: 7 Atomic Mass: 14.00674 amu Melting Point: -209.9 °C (63.250008 °K, -345.81998 °F) Boiling Point: -195.8 °C (77.35 °K, -320.44 °F) entrancei.com
20. Name: Oxygen Symbol: O Atomic Number: 8 Atomic Mass: 15.9994 amu Melting Point: -218.4 °C (54.750008 °K, -361.12 °F) Boiling Point: -183.0 °C (90.15 °K, -297.4 °F) entrancei.com
21. Name: Fluorine Symbol: F Atomic Number: 9 Atomic Mass: 18.998404 amu Melting Point: -219.62 °C (53.530006 °K, -363.31598 °F) Boiling Point: -188.14 °C (85.01 °K, -306.652 °F) entrancei.com
22. Name: Neon Symbol: Ne Atomic Number: 10 Atomic Mass: 20.1797 amu Melting Point: -248.6 °C (24.549994 °K, -415.48 °F) Boiling Point: -246.1 °C (27.049994 °K, -410.98 °F) entrancei.com
23. Name: Sodium Symbol: Na Atomic Number: 11 Atomic Mass: 22.98977 amu Melting Point: 97.8 °C (370.95 °K, 208.04001 °F) Boiling Point: 552.9 °C (826.05005 °K, 1027.2201 °F) entrancei.com