The document discusses several tools for environmental management, including environmental impact assessments (EIAs), pollution control boards, and eco-labeling. EIAs identify and predict impacts of projects to inform stakeholders. Pollution control boards establish standards and monitor air, water, and land pollution. Eco-labeling provides labels for environmentally friendly products to guide consumers and incentivize reduced environmental impacts.

1. TOOLS FORTOOLS FOR
ENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

2. EIA
• ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESMENT
• Objective ------- to identify and
subsequently predict the impacts of
commercial , industrial proposals, its
operations ,procedures and communicate
information to all stake holders about this
impacts
•

3. List of sectors requiring
EIA Clearance
• Industries
• Mining
• Irrigation
• Power
• Transport
• tourism

4. Examples
• Nuclear power plants
• Ports, harbors, airports
• Petroleum refineries
• Chemical fertilizer , pesticides plants
• Drugs pharmaceuticals
• Thermal power plants
• Distilleries
• Pulp paper industries
• Cement
• Hot mix plants etc.

5. EIA PROCESS
• Collection of all relevant information about
the project, immediately after a project is
identified
• Broad analysis of the impacts of project
activities
• Detailed study
• Detailed data collection on the current
environmental status of project site and
surroundings

6. • Detailed study of all the components in the
environment, existing in the area where
the proposed project is being considered
to be implemented
• Project evaluation
• Project alternatives
• Study of environmental loss , gains,
economic costs, benefits
• Compare with alternatives

7. • Prepare environmental impact statement (*EIS)
---- formatted public document specified by
authorized national, state govts
• Public scrutiny of the EIS
• Review at public hearings
• Detailed documentation of the work done in EIA
• Recommendations about the proposed project and
the alternatives with comments on environmental
and economic impacts each

8. Decision making process
• Falls into any of the following
categories
• Proposal accepted
• Proposal accepted with amendments
• Alternate proposal accepted
• Proposal is rejected
• Further study of the project

9. • Follow up and monitoring of the
project activities during installation
and operation phases and conduct
audits to compare actual
performance with EIA predictions
and suggest improvement measures

10. STAKE HOLDERS/
PARTICIPANTS OF EIA
• PROPOSER – Organization or individual
proposing the project
• DECISION MAKING AUTHORITY –
Designated govt agency/ ministry /or head
of state
• Assessor --- Preparing EIS
• Reviewers --- officials reviewing the EIS
• Experts --- persons with special knowledge
about the project

11. • MEMBERS OF PUBLIC SOCIETY --- who
are affected by the project
• Media --- which reflect and review the
opinions of all experts and reports
• Special interest groups --- govt and non
govt .organizations, professional bodies
,labor unions

12. POLLUTERS PAY
PRINCIPLE(PPP)
• A Law enacted to make, the party
responsible for producing pollution
,responsible for paying for the damage
done to the natural environment
• Benefits
• Greener environment
• Economic efficiency
• Incentives to reduce pollution
• Generate funds for green investment

13. POLLUTION CONTROL
BOARDS
• The central pollution control board
(CPCB) a statutory organization was
constituted in September ,1974
under the Water Act (Prevention and
Control of pollution )

14. FUNCTIONS OF CPCB
• Advise the Central Government on any matter
concerning prevention and control of water and
air pollution and improvement of the quality of air.
• Plan and cause to be executed a nation-wide
program for the prevention, control or abatement
of water and air pollution;
• Co-ordinate the activities of the State Board and
resolve disputes among them;
• Provide technical assistance and guidance to the
State Boards, carry out and sponsor investigation
and research relating to problems of water and
air pollution, and for their prevention, control or
abatement;

15. FUNCTIONS OF CPCB
• Plan and organize training of persons engaged in
programme on the prevention, control or
abatement of water and air pollution
• Organize through mass media, a comprehensive
mass awareness programme on the prevention,
control or abatement of water and air pollution;
• Collect, compile and publish technical and
statistical data relating to water and air pollution
and the measures devised for their effective
prevention, control or abatement;
• Prepare manuals, codes and guidelines relating to
treatment and disposal of sewage and trade
effluents as well as for stack gas cleaning
devices, stacks and ducts;

16. CONTINUED
• Disseminate information in respect of
matters relating to water and air pollution
and their prevention and control
• Lay down, modify or annul, in consultation
with the State Governments concerned,
the standards for stream or well, and lay
down standards for the quality of air
• Perform such other function as may be
prescribed by the Government of India.

17. STATE POLLUTION
CONTROL BOARDS( SPCB)
FUNCTIONS
• Comprehensive programme on Water, Air,
Land etc., Pollution Control and Execution
thereon.
• Advice and liaison with the State
Government on any matter concerning
environmental pollution.
Collection and dissemination of data and
information on pollution and environmental
problems and preparation of reports
thereon.

18. SPCB FUNCTIONS
• Investigation and research relating to
pollution and environmental problems
• Collaboration with the programmes of the
Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry
of Environment and Forests, State
Government, NGOs and other
organizations relating to pollution control
and environment and organize Mass
Education Programmes
• Issue of N.O.C. and Consent to industries
and other development projects
• .

19. SPCB FUNCTIONS
• Inspections of sewage, trade effluent
sites, industries, various industrial, plants
and Sewage Treatment Plants
• Monitoring of industrial/trade effluents,
water bodies, air and soil, and laboratory
analysis thereon.
• Laying down or modification of effluent
and emission standards.

20. SPCB FUNCTIONS
• To evolve economical and reliable methods
of treatment of sewage and effluent.
• To establish or to recognize laboratories
for performing functions under the Acts
and Rules
• Assessment and collection of water cess.

21. SPCB FUNCTIONS
• Environmental education to public,
students and others, and publication of
mass-education materials.
• Advise the State Government regarding
location of industries, etc
• Enforcement of the provisions of the
aforesaid rules and monitoring thereof.

22. ECO LABELLING
• Eco labeling of environmental friendly products
• Ecolabels or green stickers are labelling systems
for food and consumer products
• An environmentally friendly product is defined as
any product which is made , used or disposed off
in a way that significantly reduces harm towards
environment
• Such product which meet the stipulated
environmental and quality requirements are
labelled with eco mark

23. Objectives
• To provide an incentive for manufacturers and
importers to reduce environmental impact of
products.
• To reward genuine initiatives by companies to
reduce adverse environmental impact of their
products.
• To assist consumers to become environmentally
responsible in their daily lives by providing
information to take account of environmental
factors in their purchase decisions.
• To ensure citizens to purchase products which
have less harmful environmental impacts.
• Ultimately to improve the quality of the
environment and to encourage the sustainable
management of resources.

24. ECO LABLES (GREEN
STICKERS)

25. • This scheme also includes launching of
country side mass awareness campaign to
encourage consumers to purchase products
having less harmful environmental impacts
• This scheme also gives assistance to
consumer organizations for testing of
products and assists for the comparative
study of other products