1. FACTOR ANALYSIS AND ANOVA
DIVESH SHARMA
ROBIN JINDAL
YUVRAJ JHAMB
VALESHWAR GUPTA

2. FACTOR ANALYSIS
 A data reduction technique designed to represent
a wide range of attributes on a smaller number of
dimensions.
DEFINITION
“ A statistical approach that can be used to analyze
interrelationship among a large number of
variables and a explain these variables in terms
of their common underlying dimension(factor).”

3. What is Factor Analysis ?


Factor analysis is a general name denoting a class of
Procedures primarily used for data reduction and
summarization.
Variables are not classified as either dependent or
independent. Instead, the whole set of interdependent
relationships among variables is examined in order to
define a set of common dimensions called Factors.

4. Purpose of Factor Analysis
 To identify underlying dimensions called Factors, that explain
the correlations among a set of variables.
 lifestyle statements may be used to measure the
psychographic profile of consumers.
 To identify a new, smaller set of uncorrelated variables to
replace the original set of correlated variables for subsequent
analysis such as Regression or Discriminant Analysis.
 psychographic factors may be used as independent
variables to explain the difference between loyal and
non loyal customers.

5. Types of Factor Analysis
 Exploratory Factor Analysis
 Summarizing data by grouping correlated variables
 Investigating sets of measured variables related to
theoretical constructs
 Usually done near the onset of research

6. Types of Factor Analysis
 Confirmatory Factor Analysis
 More advanced technique
 When factor structure is known or at least
theorized
 Testing generalization of factor structure to new
data, etc.

7. ASSUMPTIONS
 Models are usually based on linear relationships
 Models assume that the data collected are interval scaled
 Multi collinearity in the data is desirable because the objective is to
identify interrelated set of variables.
 The data should be amenable for factor analysis. It should not be
such that a variable is only correlated with itself and no correlation
exists with any other variables. This is like an Identity Matrix.
Factor analysis cannot be done on such data.

8. ANOVA

9. ANOVA
• ANOVA is an abbreviation for the full name of the method: Analysis Of
Variance
Invented by R.A. Fisher in the 1920’s.
• ANOVA is used to test the significance of the difference between more
than two sample means and to make inferences about whether our
samples are drawn from population having same means.

10.  ANOVA is comparison of means. Each possible value of a
factor or combination of factor is a treatment.
 The ANOVA is a powerful and common statistical
procedure in the social sciences. It can handle a variety of
situations.

11. Why ANOVA instead of multiple ttests?
 If you are comparing means between more than two
groups, why not just do several two sample t-tests to
compare the mean from one group with the mean from each
of the other groups?
 Before ANOVA, this was the only option available to
compare means between more than two groups.
 The problem with the multiple t-tests approach is that as the
number of groups increases, the number of two sample ttests also increases.
 As the number of tests increases the probability of making
a Type I error also increases.

12. ANALYSIS OF HYPOTHESIS:ASSUMPTONS
•
•
We assume independent random sampling from
each of the r populations
We assume that the r populations under study:
– are normally distributed,
– with means i that may or may not be equal,
– but with equal variances, i2.
1
Population 1
2
Population 2
3
Population 3

13. The Null hypothesis for ANOVA is that the
means for all groups are equal:
The Alternative hypothesis for ANOVA is that at
least two of the means are not equal.
The test statistic for ANOVA is ANOVA Fstatistic.

14. APPLICATION OF ANNOVA
 ANOVA is designed to detect differences among
means from populations subject to different treatments.
 ANOVA is a joint test.
The equality of several population means is tested
simultaneously or jointly.
 ANOVA tests for the equality of several population
means by looking at two estimators of the population
variance (hence, analysis of variance).

15. APPLICATION OF ANNOVA IN
MARKETING
 Product testing, ad copy testing and concept testing are
some common applications, though ANOVA Analysis
Surveys can be used in retail environments or simulated
lab-type environments.
 We can manipulate certain variables (like promotion, ad
copy, display at the point of purchase), and observe changes
in other variables (like sales, or consumer preferences,
behavior or attitude). The application areas for experiments
are wide .

16. OTHER ANNOVA PROCEDURES
 One-way ANOVA is Analysis of Variance for one factor.
 More than one factor can be used for a two, three or four-
way ANOVA.
 A continuous variable can be added to the model – this is
Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA).
 Repeated Measures ANOVA can handle replicated
measurements on the same observation unit (subject).

17. Gartner

18. Type
Public company
Traded as
NYSE: IT
Industry
Research
Founded
1979
Headquarters
Stamford, Connecticut
United States
Key people
Gene Hall (CEO)
Christopher J. Lafond (CFO)
Darko Hrelic (CIO)
Products
Research
Consulting
Events
Revenue
$1.615 billion (2012)
Net income
$165.9 million (2012)
Employees
5,300 (2013)
Website
www.gartner.com

19. GARTNER
DIVESH SHARMA

20. INTRODUCTION
 Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT) is the world's leading





information technology research and advisory
company.
We deliver the technology-related insight necessary
for our clients to make the right decisions, every day.
We are the valuable partner to clients in over 13,000
distinct organizations.
Through the resources of Gartner Research, Gartner
Executive Programs, Gartner Consulting and Gartner
Events.
We work with every client to research, analyse and
interpret the business of IT within the context of their
individual role.
Founded in 1979, Gartner is headquartered in
Stamford, Connecticut, USA, and has 5,700
associates, including more than 1,435 research
analysts and consultants, and clients in 85 countries.

21. SERVICES
We bring together Research insight, Benchmarking data, problem-solving methodologies and hands on
experience to improve the return on your IT investment.
UNDERSTANDING: WE KNOW THE ISSUES YOU FACE
 80% of the Fortune 500 use Gartner for their key technology initiatives.
 We deliver business value in over 1500 high-impact initiatives a year.
 Every year, we deliver over 5,500 IT cost and performance benchmarks.
CAPABILITIES: THE DATA, TOOLS AND CAPABILITIES TO HELP
 Gartner solutions address the specific needs of each industry
 All of our solutions are based on Gartner's extensive Research
 Every solution makes use of our performance benchmarking data
 We employ seasoned consultants, with an average of 15 years experience
EXPERIENCE: WE HELP YOU DELIVER TANGIBLE RESULTS
 Our clients spend 38% less than their peers for the same workload
 Gartner Contract Optimization Services help our clients realize hundreds of millions of dollars of real
and measured savings annually .
 Our consulting engagements help clients improve performance... and reduce risk

22. PRESS RELEASE
 Telecomm Client Saves €40
Million
 When
a
large
telecommunications
company
needed to improve service
provider relationships, lower
costs
and
reduce
long
procurement cycles, Gartner
Consulting was called on to
help.

23. BUSINESS CHALLENGES:

Unproductive relationships with service providers.

Unclear contract pricing structures.

Issues over value for services received.
APPROACH / DIFFERENTIATION:

Supported pricing discussions with service providers using up-to-date benchmarks.

Developed new governance model to improve service provider relationships.

Helped guide productive contract reviews.
RESULTS:

Over €40 million in savings identified.

Reduced time to negotiate new agreements by using benchmark data.

Improved relationship with major service provider to achieve higher service value.

24. KADENCE
YUVRAJ JHAMB

25. INTRODUCTION
Kadence is an international research company with 28
offices across India. We are part of Kadence International
Research Group with offices in USA, UK, Singapore,
Indonesia, Vietnam and China.
Founded in 1992, Kadence works with some of the worlds
largest brands, providing global coverage at a local level.
Our specialist researchers work with clients across a wide
range of business markets to deliver insight and
knowledge rather than just data.
They value access to our leading-edge, web-based data
capture systems (including CATI call centres in each
location), centralized reporting (24/7), advanced analytics.
An ISO 9001 / ISO 20252 quality accredited processes,
and total piece of mind.

26. COMMERCIAL AFFILIATIONS
 We have 28 offices across India and international
offices located in USA, UK, Malaysia, Singapore,
Indonesia and China
PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS
 MRSI; MRQSA; AIMRI; BIG; MRS; AQR
CERTIFICATION AND ENDORSING BODIES
 ISO 9001; ISO 20252

27. RESEARCH CONDUCTED IN

28. SCOPE OF BUISNESS

29. WHO WE WORK WITH

30. PRESENTATION ON
MANPOWER GROUP
ROBIN JINDAL

31. VISION
THE VISION is to lead in the creation and
delivery of innovative workforce solutions
and services that enable our clients to win in
the changing world of work.

32. ABOUT US
 Manpower Group is the world leader in innovative
workforce solutions, connecting human potential to
the power of business. Manpower Group serves both
large and small organizations across all industry
sectors through four main brands and offerings:
Manpower Group Solutions, Expertise , Manpower
and Right Management.
 They operate a worldwide network of offices in 80
countries and territories. With global insight and local
expertise, Manpower Group partners with clients to
accelerate their business by providing the people and
services that raise the quality, productivity and
efficiency of their total workforce, including
recruitment and assessment, training and
development, workforce consulting, outsourcing and
career management.

33. FACTS
•
3,500 offices in 80 countries and territories
•
3.4 million individuals placed into jobs annually
and 600,000 associates on assignment each day
•
The Manpower Group Training and Development
center has enhanced the skills of over 12 million
individuals
•
400,000 clients worldwide

34. BRANDS

35. PRESS RELEASE
 NEW YORK, Oct. 30, 2013
 New york, 25th October
2013
 Advised that closing gender
gaps is not about hitting
quota numbers; rather, it's
about making companies
stronger. This is critical to
ensure the continuing talent
sustainability of the world's
workforce and to drive
competitive advantage for
businesses and economies.
 Manpower Group , the
world leader in innovative
workforce solutions, today
celebrates 65 years of
transforming communities
by connecting people to
meaningful work and
helping businesses win.

36. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
 Manpower Group has a reputation for operating at the
highest level of integrity.
 Manpower Group's approach to social responsibility is
driven by their Global Values, Vision and
Strategies that determine the way in which we do
business.
 They are committed to respect for people, clients and
community and the role of work in their lives ; sharing
our knowledge and expertise to develop sustainable
workforce practices throughout the world; and striving
for excellence through innovation to develop socially
inclusive working environments for the long-term.

37. AWARDS AND ACHIEVEMENTS
 In 2013, ManpowerGroup
 Manpower Group was
was named to the
Ethisphere Institute’s 2013
World’s Most Ethical
Companies list for its
proven commitment to
ethical leadership,
compliance, corporate
social responsibility and
business practices at large.
named to
Fortune magazine’s
list of the World’s
Most Admired
Companies in 2012 for
the 10th consecutive
year

38. ABOUT
 Fieldwork and Tabulation
Founded in: 1985
Employees: 12
Interviewers: 400
Turnover: AUD 8.000.000

39. INTRODUCTION
 National Field Services (NFS) was founded in
1985 and has been setting the standard for
field and tabulation services in Australia.
“Excellence in data” is the cornerstone of the
philosophy. We are committed to operational
excellence and superior customer servicing
and are known for collecting independent,
accurate, reliable and cost-effective data.
 All NFS operations are conducted in-house
from our Australian-based offices, placing us
in an enviable position as one of only a few
fully locally-based field and tabulation
agencies in the country.

40. NFS
VALESHWER GUPTA

41. DATA PROCESSING
 We use Quanvert, Surveycraft, Dimensions
and SPSS as the initial data entry points for
all survey analysis and processing. We can
support and provide data in all data formats,
with particular emphasis on Quantum, SPSS
and ASCII outputs.

42. Field and Tabulation Services Include
Telephone (CATI)
- Over 140 CATI stations fully in-house
* Face-to-face
- Central location/ Executive
* Online/web-based
* Recruitment (Groups & F2F)
* In-house Focus Group facilities
- Client and Web viewing availability
* Scripting, data processing and coding

43. RESEARCH CONDUCTED IN
 Countries:
•
Asia(Pacific)
• Asia
• Australia
• New Zealand

44. SCOPE OF BUSINESS
Market Sectors:
* Advertising / Public Relations
* IT / Software / Hardware
* Public Sector / Government
* Travel / Tourism / Sport

45.  Research Solutions:
* Business-to-business
* Consumer Research
* Opinion Polling
* Tracking Studies
* Usage & Attitude Studies
 Research services:
PAPI
CAPI
CATI
Mail
Online