CHN

1. Dimensions of health
Presented by
Deepa Manandhar
Lecturer
Community Health Nursing

2. Dimensions of health
• Health is multidimensional.
• The WHO definition envisages three specific
dimensions - the physical, the mental and the social.

4. Physical dimension
• Physical dimension views heath form physiological
perspective.
• It conceptualizes health that as biologically a state in
which each and every organ even a cell is functioning
at their optimum capacity and in perfect harmony
with the rest of body.

5. Mental dimension
• Ability to think clearly and coherently. This deals
with sound socialization in communities.
• Mental health is not merely an absence of mental
illness.

6. Mental dimension
• Mental health is a state of balance between the
individual and the surrounding world, a state of
harmony between oneself and others, coexistence
between the relatives of the self and that of other
people and that of the environment.

7. Social dimension
• It refers the ability to make and maintain relationships
with other people or communities.
• It states that harmony and integration within and
between each individuals and other members of the
society.

8. Social dimension
• Social dimension of health includes the level of social
skills one possesses, social functioning and the ability
to see oneself as a member of a larger society.

9. Spiritual dimension
• Spiritual health is connected with religious beliefs
and practices.
• It also deals with personal creeds, principles of
behavior and ways of achieving peace of mind and
being at peace with oneself.

10. Spiritual dimension
• Spiritual health in this context, refers to that part of
the individual which reaches out and strives for
meaning and purpose in life.
• It is the intangible "something" that transcends
physiology and psychology.

11. vocational dimension
• It is part of human existence.
• Work often plays a role in promoting both physical
and mental health.

12. vocational dimension
• Physical work is usually associated with an
improvement in physical capacity, while goal
achievement and self-realization in work are a source
of satisfaction and enhanced self-esteem.
• The importance of this dimension is exposed when
individuals suddenly lose their jobs or are faced with
mandatory retirement.

13. other dimensions
 philosophical dimension
 cultural dimension
 socio-economic dimension
 environmental dimension
 educational dimension
 nutritional dimension
 curative dimension
 preventive dimension.

14. Determinants of health
• Health is multifactorial.
• It is always under the influence of various factors
which interact with each other and determine the
health status of any individual, family and community
at large at given point of time.

15. Determinants of health
1. Biological determinants
2. Behavioral and Socio-cultural
3. Environment
4. Socio-economic condition
5. Health services
6. Ageing of the population
7. Gender
8. Other factors

16. Determinants of health
2. Behavioral and Socio-
cultural
 It is composed of
cultural and behavioural
patterns and lifelong
personal habits (e.g.,
smoking, alcoholism)
that have developed
through processes of
socialization.

17. Determinants of health
2. Behavioral and Socio-cultural
 Lifestyles are learnt through social interaction with
parents, peer groups, friends and siblings and
through school and mass media.
 Health requires the promotion of healthy lifestyle.

18. Determinants of health
3.Environmental factor
 Environment is classified as "internal" and "external".
 Internal environment pertains to "each and every
component part, every tissue, organ and organsystem
and their harmonious functioning within the system".

19. Determinants of health
3.Environmental factor
 It is defined as "all that which is external to the
individual human host".
 It can be divided into physical, biological and
psychosocial components, any or all of which can
affect the health of man and his susceptibility to
illness.

20. Determinants of health
3.Environmental factor
 Biological: disease producing agent (e.g. bacteria,
virus, fungi)
 Physical: Air, water, light, noise, soil, climate,
altitude, radiation housing, waste etc.
 Psychosocial: psychological make up of individual
and structure and functioning of society. E.g. habit,
beliefs, culture, custom, religion etc.

21. Determinants of health
4. Socio-economic condition
 It consist of education, occupation and income.
 The very state of being employed in productive work
promotes health, because the unemployed usually
show a higher incidence of ill-health and deaths.
 For the majority of the world's people, health status is
determined primarily by their level of socio-economic
development,

22. Determinants of health
5. Health services:
 cover a wide spectrum of personal and community
services for treatment of diseases, prevention of
disease and promotion of health.
 The purpose of health services is to improve the
health status of population.
 For example, immunization of children can influence
the incidence/prevalence of particular disease.

23. Determinants of health
6. Ageing population:
 By the year 2020, the world will have more than one
billion people aged sixty or over and more than two-
thirds of them living in developing countries.
 A major concern of rapid population aging is the
increased prevalence of chronic diseases and
disabilities both being condition that tend to
accompany the aging process and deserve special
attention.

24. Determinants of health
7. Gender:
 The 1990s have witnessed an increased concentration
on women's issues.
 In 1993, the Global Commission on Women's Health
was established.

25. Determinants of health
7. Gender:
 The commission drew up an agenda for action on
women's health covering nutrition, reproductive
health, the health consequences of violence, ageing,
lifestyle related conditions and the occupational
environment.

26. Determinants of health
8. Other determinants:
Other contributions to the health of population derive
from systems outside the formal health care system,
i.e., health related systems (e.g., food and agriculture,
education, industry, social welfare, rural
development), as well as adoption of policies in the
economic and social fields that would assist in raising
the standard of living.

27. Responsibility for health
• Health is on one hand a highly personal responsibility
and on the other hand a major public concern.
• It thus involves the joint efforts of individual, the
community and the state to protect and promote
health.

28. Responsibility for health
• Health is on one hand a highly personal responsibility
and on the other hand a major public concern.
• It thus involves the joint efforts of individual, the
community and the state to protect and promote
health.

29. Responsibility for health
1. Individual responsibility: self care for maintaining
their own health.
2. Community responsibility: health care for the
people to the health care by the people.

30. Responsibility for health
3. State responsibility: The responsibility for health
does not end with the individual and community
effort. In all civilized societies, the State assumes
responsibility for the health and welfare of its
citizens.

31. Responsibility for health
4. International responsibility:
The health of mankind requires the cooperation of
governments, the people, national and international
organizations both within and outside the United
Nations system in achieving our health goals.