Workshop at UAL University of Arts London Alexandra Okada

1. Mapping Techniques applied to Academic Research: implementation and value Alexandra Okada The Open Univerity Knowledge Media Institute

2. What is a map?

4. ～自立を支える安心の仕組み～ 「生活保護を変える東京提言」（東京都試案）を公表 ＜提言に向け、都民の皆様からご意見を募集します＞ 平成 19 年 2 月 1 日 福祉保健局 生活保護制度は、発足から５０年余を経て、社会経済状況は大きく変容を遂げましたが、これまで抜本的な見直しが行われてきませんでした。 都では、生活保護の実態分析を行いながら、緊急に取り組むべき課題について検討を行い、平成１６年７月に「生活保護制度改善に向けた提言」をとりまとめ、自立支援を重視した取組を強化するよう、国に対して提言を行いました。 その後、都の提言に沿った見直しが行われるなど、生活保護制度をめぐっては様々な動きがありましたが、都は、国家責任としてのセーフティネットを堅持しつつ自立支援を総合的・効果的に進めていくために、更に一歩進んだ具体的提言を再度とりまとめることとしました。 このたび、提言の試案を公表し、都民の皆様からご意見を募集します。 【提言の主な内容】

5. Beginning in Shinjuku Station, follow the signs to the "West Exit". You should then emerge onto an open-square area surrounded by department stores, banks and insurance companies. The two funnel like constructions at either end are air vents for the station below. Using the pedestrian walkway that runs along the front of Odakyu Halc department store, make your way towards Fuji Bank. In the streets behind the bank you'll find what is now considered to be one of the best areas in Tokyo for buying electronic and photographic equipment. Work through the streets in a westerly direction until you come to a main road. Just over this road and opposite the post office, you'll find the Keio Plaza Hotel. Today, compared to its neighbours it's small, but in 1971 this was Shinjuku's tallest building. It's 170 meters high and has forty seven floors. From the front entrance of the hotel, head off in a northerly direction. As one road over-passes the other, look to the left for a good view of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building. At the end of the overpass you'll see some steps. These lead down to the concourse of the Mitsui Building. Finished in 1974, the building is 209 meters high and has 55 floors. Inside, together with shops and restaurants, you'll find the Pentax Forum. This is an exhibition space for photographs and photographic equipment (open daily, except public holidays 10:30 am to 6:30 pm). Next look for the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building. With Notre Dame in Paris apparently and clearly the inspiration, you won't mistake it. The building, the fourth tallest in Japan, was finished in 1990. It's 296 meters high and thanks to special shock absorbing pillars and posts, it's supposed to be fully earthquake proof. There are two observation galleries, one in each tower at 45 floors up. Entrance is free and the panoramic view is fantastic. On a clear day, you can even Mount Fuji and Yokohama! (Open: Tuesday to Friday 9:30 am to 5:30. Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays 9:30 am to 7:30 pm. Closed: Mondays, Tuesdays (if the day before was a public holiday) December 29th - 31st and January 2nd - 3rd inclusive).

8. What is a knowledge map?

9. Why can it be useful for research?

11. We need models and tools to: - represent the process of thinking - visualise main topics in a discussion - analyse any source of information - augment sensemaking - organise and store collective memory Big challenges!How can we respond?

13. Discourse

14. An orientation to reading and writing conversations, dialogue and arguments (with particular interest in distributed discourse over the internet) Hypermedia Discourse … reading and writing interactive, evolving networks of information, concepts, issues, ideas, arguments Buckingham Shum (2008)

17. “ Maps are essential to associate information and knowledge without feeling lost in oceans of data ”. (Machado,2001) “ Maps can help us to deconstruct conceptions and reconstruct our own thoughts” (Boaventura Santos, 2000) “ Maps help us to abstract and integrate meanings. Graphical schemes promote the understanding through spatial relationships” (Lévy,1997) “ Maps are very useful to connect various areas of knowledge opening new horizons”. (Deleuze e Guattari, 1997)

18. Concept Mapping Alberto Canas Software CMap Tools Mind Mapping Tony Buzan Software Mind Manager Web Mapping Romain Zeiliger Software Nestor Web Cartographer Argumentative Mapping Simon Buckingham Shum Software Compendium

19. Maps are one of the oldest forms of human communication Mapping pre-dates number systems and written language. For many centuries, maps have been considered as a graphical language for analogical thinking. Through maps scientists have explored everything from giant galaxies to tiny DNA molecules

20. Mind Map Web Map Concept Map Argument Map

21. Knowledge Mapping Techniques

26. Questions and Discussion

28. Compendium is a tool for visual thinking, used to connect ideas, concepts, arguments, websites and documents.

29. In Compendium you can drag and drop any kind of document or text from the unit, internet and your computer

30. Concept Map

32. Reason!Able argument mapping tool

33. Rationale argument mapping tool www.austhink.com

34. Questions and Discussion

36. Modelling @ NASA Mission Control

37. NASA e-science field trials (2004 and 2005) Distributed Mars-Earth planning and data analysis tools for Mars Habitat field trial in Utah desert, supported from US+UK

38. NASA Mobile Agents Architecture

39. Conversational Modelling of NASA workflow: IBIS

40. KMi-NASA e-science demo site www.kmi.open.ac.uk/projects/coakting/nasa

41. Supporting information analysis

42. Compendium Maps facilitate the organization of research and academic articles

43. Compendium can map any kind of document

45. Compendium knowledge elements (nodes) can be overlaid on any image, and can point to any media file

48. MacroVU Press. www.macrovu.com

50. Analysing the arguments in a scientific literature ( KMI’s ClaiMaker) claimaker.open.ac.uk

51. Analysing the arguments in a scientific literature ( KMI’s ClaiMaker) claimaker.open.ac.uk

52. 42 researchers from: education, medicine, administration, technology, psychology, social science, arts, marketing... Portugal Inglaterra Salvador Rio de Janeiro São Paulo Brasília Porto Alegre País de Gales

56. Maps are useful to define my research questions Maps are essential to select important references Maps help to understand concepts and theories Maps promote the association of theorical and empirical data Maps facilitate reading and writing, deconstructiing and reconstructing meanings Maps offer a systematc view and help to structure arguments Through Maps I can visualise my way of thinking and organise my thoughts better

61. Questions and Discussion

62. SUMMARY Why map arguments?

66. Compendium for knowledge management Scenario Design Requirements Construction Project Reviews Data Analysis Specification Decision Rationale Presentations Knowledge Management Documentation Meeting Capture/Replay Domain Modelling Envisioning

68. Visualizing Argumentation (Springer 2003) www.VisualizingArgumentation.info Argument mapping for learning, scholarly publishing, scientific and public policy debates, teamwork, and organisational memory Paul Kirschner , Buckingham Shum and Chad Carr

69. Knowledge Cartography (Springer 2008, in press) http://kmi.open.ac.uk/books/knowledge-cartography/ Knowledge mapping - techniques and tools for learning, information analysys and knowledge management. Alexandra Okada, Buckingham Shum and Tony Sherborne