history of contemporary architecture - 18. Frank-Lloyd-Wright.ppt
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history of contemporary architecture - 18. Frank-Lloyd-Wright.ppt
- 1. FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz 1 Modernism in the United States • The Main Iconic Buildings • Falling Water • John Wax Factor • The Guggenheim Museum • The Price Tower
- 2. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright: • He came from Mid-west in U.S.A. • He was influenced by the Pereira lands that he used to live in, and he was influenced by the Japanese architecture. • The site and surroundings are important aspects of the design. • He broke the box in American. • Interplay of Horizontality and verticality: Use of Fire place and Chimneys, extending architecture by cantilevers, and low pitched roofs that are contrasted with vertical chimneys. • The pitched space extends the inside with the outside and breaks the barriers of the relationship between the inside and the outside. • Asymmetrical design. • A lot of social agendas in his work: He wanted to provide houses that are affordable to all. 2 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 3. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Mies Van der Rohe in the US Criticized in his international work by : 1- Traditionalists : because he was very functional in his design 2- Social radicals : because of indulging in irrelevant luxury . Frank Lloyd Wright in the US Against standardization and mass production Cared little about the urgencies of the present social and technological problems of the modern world like industrialization and overcrowding , etc . Anti-classical and anti_European approach – followed organic ideal as sign of American cultural independence . 3 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 4. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright INTRODUCTION Sought a new architecture that • Reflects the American democratic experience. • Based not on failing European and foreign models ( such as Greek , Egyptian and Renaissance style ) • Important principle : there is a core truth to life beyond historical circumstances – something organic . 4 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 5. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Depression Period 1920’s- 1930’s In the 1920s, Wright was in debt-Depression damaged his few remaining commission leads. At age 62 , he created the Taliesin Fellowship. For which enthusiastic young architecture students each paid 650$ a year to help Wright with his work. For the first 23 students, there was little architectural drawing and much manual labor . Such as waiting labels , gardening and repairing old. 5 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 6. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright: Frank’s architecture is featured by: • Humanizing the International Style (Movement) • Sensitivity to the site • Extension to the outside • Breaking the box • Rich natural material • Light treatment 6 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 7. Examples of his work: Winslow House, Chicago, 1893-4 7 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 8. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Home in the Prairie, Ladies Home Journal, 1901 8 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 9. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Ward Willits House, close to Chicago, 1902 9 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 10. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright William Martin House, Oak Park, 1903, Prairie House Phase 10 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 11. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Dana House, Springfield, IL, 1902-4 11 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 12. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Larkin Building, Buffalo, 1902-6. It was demolished 12 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 13. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Unity Temple, IL, 1905-8 13 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 14. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Robbie House, Chicago: • Open Plan • Chimneys • Sensitivity to details: Concrete and Glass (Stained Glass) 14 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 15. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Robbie House, Chicago 1908-10 15 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 16. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Robbie House, Chicago 1908-10 16 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz Robbie House Dining Area Robbie House Stained Glass
- 17. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Barnsdall House, Los Angeles - California, 1916-21. 17 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 18. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Ennis House, Los Angeles - California, 1923-4. 18 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 19. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Millard House, Pasadena - California, 1923. 19 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 20. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Freeman House, Los Angeles – California, 1923-4. 20 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 21. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright 21 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz Ross House, 1909, analyzed and drawn to show the grid system. Bamsdall House, 1926, showing geometry figures in the plans and the fireplace relief.
- 22. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Broadacres City Project model, 1934-5 22 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 23. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Falling Water, Pennsylvania, 1934-7 23 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 24. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Falling Water, Pennsylvania, 1934-7 24 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 25. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Falling Water, Pennsylvania, 1934-7 Dialectic between interior and the landscape is resolved through subtle transition points – terraces . 25 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 26. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Falling Water, Pennsylvania, 1934-7 Focal point : the chimney , like all vertical elements made of freestone . 26 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 27. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Falling Water, Pennsylvania, 1934-7 The construction is a series of cantilevered balconies and terraces 27 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 28. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Falling Water, Pennsylvania, 1934-7 Using limestone for all verticals and concrete for all horizontals Complex play of interlocking spatial penetrations making radical use of the possibilities of reinforced concrete 28 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 29. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Falling Water, Pennsylvania, 1934-7 29 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 31. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Johnson Wax Building, 1936-9. 31 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 32. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright 32 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9. Two new approaches : 1- curves rather than cantilevered 2- inward rather than outward building-ignoring the existence of outside world
- 33. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright 33 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9. Urban projects provide an inward-turned image with no visual connection to the exterior as if expressing his rejection to the city.
- 34. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Extracted theme from the Broadacre city plan. 34 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 35. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright 35 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 36. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Castle-like building- no interacting with surroundings – visually or physically. 36 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 37. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright 37 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9. Indirect main entrance
- 38. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Well scaled , luminous space articulated by a grid of slender columns in concrete . 38 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 39. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright But with no ornamentation factor … 39 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 40. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Converging the interior into a forest f pine-tree like structure Lighting from the ceiling 40 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 41. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Addition of a laboratory tower in 1940’s The escaped tree Fused the idea of mushroom column with the need of the program-services in the core and laboratories on cantilevered trays with intervening balconies on lesser width Built within courtyard Accessed from the office building No right angles Problem : it swayed slightly in the wind 41 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 42. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright A manifesto on the nature of the tall building concept odds with the grid frame / box forms that introduced by the international style . 42 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 43. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Glass tubing laid out like bricks in a wall composes all the lighting surfaces . Light enters the building where the comics used to be . In the interior the box like structure vanishes completely “ FLW Using of Pyrex glass. 43 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 44. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Inward looking community which would foster togetherness while mirroring the hierarchy of the firm. 44 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz John Wax Factor, Racine, Wisconsin, 1936-9.
- 46. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Taliesin West, Arizona, 1938. 46 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 47. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Rosenbaum House, Alabama, 1939. 47 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 48. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright Rosenbaum House, Alabama, 1939. 48 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 49. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright The Price Tower, Oklahoma, 1952-6. 49 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 50. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright The Price Tower, Oklahoma, 1952-6. Apartments and offices tower The only skyscraper designed by Wright – on of only two vertically oriented Wright structure extant ( The other being the Johnson Wax Research tower ) Wright proposed a new structure for the skyscraper Not mechanism But organism No steel & glass box BUT a tree analogy ( a core with extending cantilevered trays ) 50 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 51. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright The Price Tower, Oklahoma, 1952-6. 51 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 52. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright The Price Tower, Oklahoma, 1952-6. • Different from international style skyscrapers in : • Analogy : metaphor of a natural vertical entity – the tree with central trunk and cantilevered brunches • Form- not pure box 52 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 53. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright The Guggenheim Museum, New York, 1943-59. 53 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 54. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright The Guggenheim Museum, New York, 1943-59 Wright sought to design a “ total work of art ” For wright – Architecture is a mother art. 54 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 55. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright The Guggenheim Museum, New York, 1943-59 Wright received the commission to build the Solomon R.Guggenheim Museum in New York City in 1943. A museum to house Guggenheim’s collection which consisted mainly of non objective abstracted art – abstract color , line and form. Wright sought a design which appears as pure geometry : surface , volume and space . 55 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 56. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright The Guggenheim Museum, New York, 1943-59 Use of circular forms, not circles but spirals A visual metaphor for growth and change in nature “ Here for the first time architecture appears plastic , one floor flowing into another ( more like sculpture ) instead of the usual superimposition of stratified layers cutting and butting into each other ” FLW 56 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz
- 57. Modernism and the Heroic Period of Architecture – Heroic Period Breaking Away Frank Lloyd Wright The Guggenheim Museum, New York, 1943-59 Similar to Wax Building Creating inward-looking atrium with stratified horizontal layers 57 Arch. Dania Abdel-Aziz