1. Political Parties

2. Third (Minor) Parties 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue The Republican Party was one. They are limited by the electoral college and the plurality system. The Green Party is an example of one.

3. Big Tent Parties 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue The New Deal Coalition was one. These argue against any sort of ideological rigidity. A political party seeking to attract people with diverse viewpoints.

4. Critical Elections 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue One occurred in 1860. These are associated with political realignment. When power shifts from one party to another.

5. Plurality System 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Used in Canada, India, and the United Kingdom. Prevents the emergence of strong third parties. Winner-takes-all.

6. Reform Party of the USA 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Jesse Ventura, 1998. Founded by Ross Perot. A third party with a centralist ideology.

7. Bull Moose Party 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Formed because of a man who couldn’t fit in a bathtub. Also known as the Progressive Party. Splinter party founded by Theodore Roosevelt.

8. Kingmaker 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Originally applied to the activities of Richard Neville, 16 th Earl of Warwick. Ralph Nader in the 2000 US Presidential Election. Someone who doesn’t win an election, but determines the outcome.

9. Party Identification 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Childhood influence has a large impact on it. There are scales and quizzes to measure it. A voter’s underlying allegiance to a political party.

10. Bipartisanship 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue A key to successful legislation. A lack of it leads to gridlock. A state in which two major political parties are in agreement.

11. Political Factions 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Congressional whips attempt to counteract these. A grouping of individuals with a political purpose. Federalist No. 10

12. Ticket Splitting 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue 2004 elections: Governor of Montana & President of US Voter is not dedicated to single party Practice of voting for candidates of different parties in single election

13. Open Primary 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Party affiliation not necessary Vote Type of primary election

14. Closed Primary 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Party affiliations Primary election Antonym: Open

15. Runoff Primary 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue “ Second-stage” primary Similar to blanket primary Winning candidates of previous primaries run against each other

16. Dual Primary 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Type of primary election Two primaries conducted at the same time and place Can choose to vote for either party but cannot split ticket

17. Super Delegate 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Only Democratic party has this type of National Convention delegate Most freedom in voting

18. Pledged Delegate 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Most limited delegate at National Convention Required to place vote according to majority of representative state

19. Unpledged Delegate 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Only Republican party has this type of delegate National Convention Not required to vote according to representative state population’s majority

20. Front-Loading 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Super Tuesday Method states use to try to increase influence on party nominations Schedule primaries earlier and earlier

21. Party Dealignment 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Increasing trend in US voters Decrease in party loyalty Antonym: Realignment

22. Splinter Party 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue The States’ Rights party from 1948 is one example The Bull-Moose Party led by Teddy Roosevelt is another example When members of one party break off to form another party

23. Divided Government 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue 16 of the 24 elections between 1952 and 2000 have resulted in this Causes gridlock in government One party controls the White House and another controls the Houses of Congress

24. Ideological Party 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue These parties tend to have more extreme and radical views The Communist, Socialist, and Libertarian parties are examples Type of party based on a set of economic and social beliefs

25. Party Realignment 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue This occurred in 1896 when Republicans defeated Williams Jenning Bryan in the election Elections that result in this are also called critical elections People shift their votes to a different party

26. Democratic Party 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Prior to 1932, this party had strong support in the South This party has enough registered voters to always win if everyone who registered voted In the US, this party has the longest record of continuous operation

27. Linkage Institutions 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue In the 1980 election, Reagan used these to his advantage to portray himself as a strong leader and Carter, his opponent, as weak in foreign policy Elections, media, political parties, and interest groups make up these These connect people with politics

28. Republican Party 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue This party’s first national candidate’s slogan was “Free soil, free labor, free speech, free men, Fremont.” This party has pledged and unpledged delegates This party is also called the Grand Old Party

29. Gerrymandering 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue “ Cracking” and “packing” are two tactics used to achieve this This was named after a Massachusetts governor State legislators do this to dilute the vote of their opponent

30. Party Platform 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue Parties also call these manifestos These are made up of planks This is a list of issues a party supports or opposes that the party must vote on to approve

31. National Convention 3 point clue 2 point clue 1 point clue William Jennings Bryan’s Cross of Gold speech was at the Democratic one of these in 1896 Since 1972, these have become less important and more for ratifying candidates than nominating them to the presidency In the past, dark horse candidates like Polk, arose suddenly at these after party bosses cut backroom deals