This document discusses key concepts of evolution including the history of evolutionary theories from creationism to modern ideas like punctuated equilibrium. It covers Darwin and Wallace's model of natural selection and how environmental pressures can lead to speciation. The fundamentals of evolution are explained including variation, inheritance, selection over time. The role of tectonic plate movement in genetic isolation and speciation is described. Various forms of evidence for evolution are listed such as the fossil record, present-day examples, and molecular clocks using mitochondrial DNA.
2. Evolution: Key concepts
• History of evolutionary theories
• Darwin-Wallace model of natural selection
• Speciation, tectonics, + environmental pressure
• Evidence of evolution
7. History of Evolutionary Thought
• Creationism
• Catastrophism
• Use and Disuse
• Natural Selection
• Gradualism
• Punctuated Equilibrium Image source: http://new-indology.blogspot.com
8. History of Evolutionary Thought
• Creationism
• Catastrophism
• Use and Disuse
• Natural Selection
• Gradualism
• Punctuated Equilibrium
Image source: http://www.nwcreation.net
9. History of Evolutionary Thought
• Creationism
• Catastrophism
• Use and Disuse
• Natural Selection
• Gradualism
• Punctuated Equilibrium
Image source: http://www.zo.utexas.edu
10. History of Evolutionary Thought
• Creationism
• Catastrophism
• Use and Disuse
• Natural Selection
• Gradualism
• Punctuated Equilibrium
Image source: http://evolution.berkeley.edu
11. History of Evolutionary Thought
• Creationism
• Catastrophism
• Use and Disuse
• Natural Selection
• Gradualism
• Punctuated Equilibrium
Image source: http://casarcia.com
13. Natural Selection
• Darwin and Wallace
• Mutations neither
inherently good nor bad
• Environment
determines success
• Helps survival: passed
on to offspring
• Hurts survival: more
likely to die
14. Natural Selection
• Darwin and Wallace
• Mutations neither
inherently good nor bad
• Environment
determines success
• Helps survival: passed
on to offspring
• Hurts survival: more
likely to die
Image source:
http://www.goecuador.com
Image source:
http://www.ucl.ac.uk
15. Natural Selection
• Darwin and Wallace
• Mutations neither
inherently good nor bad
• Environment
determines success
• Helps survival: passed
on to offspring
• Hurts survival: more
likely to die
Image source: http://casarcia.com
16. Natural Selection
• Darwin and Wallace
• Mutations neither
inherently good nor bad
• Environment
determines success
• Helps survival: passed
on to offspring
• Hurts survival: more
likely to die
Image source: http://www.avibushistoriae.com
17. Natural Selection
• Darwin and Wallace
• Mutations neither
inherently good nor bad
• Environment
determines success
• Helps survival: passed
on to offspring
• Hurts survival: more
likely to die
Image source: http://www.avibushistoriae.com
18. Natural Selection
• Darwin and Wallace
• Mutations neither
inherently good nor bad
• Environment
determines success
• Helps survival: passed
on to offspring
• Hurts survival: more
likely to die
Image source: http://true-wildlife.blogspot.com
19. Natural Selection
• Darwin and Wallace
• Mutations neither
inherently good nor bad
• Environment
determines success
• Helps survival: passed
on to offspring
• Hurts survival: more
likely to die
Image source: http://pepsisummersdolls.blogspot.com
20. Natural Selection
• Darwin and Wallace
• Mutations neither
inherently good nor bad
• Environment
determines success
• Helps survival: passed
on to offspring
• Hurts survival: more
likely to die
Image source: http://users.rcn.com/jkimball
32. Tectonic Theory
• Earth’s layered
structure
• Crust made of slow-
moving plates
• Land masses migrate
over time
• new climate
patterns
• isolate organisms
33. Tectonic Theory
• Earth’s layered
structure
• Crust made of slow-
moving plates
• Land masses migrate
over time
• new climate
patterns
• isolate organisms
34. Tectonic Theory
• Earth’s layered
structure
• Crust made of slow-
moving plates
• Land masses migrate
over time
• new climate
patterns
• isolate organisms
35. Tectonic Theory
• Earth’s layered
structure
• Crust made of slow-
moving plates
• Land masses migrate
over time
• new climate
patterns
• isolate organisms
36. Tectonic Theory
• Earth’s layered
structure
• Crust made of slow-
moving plates
• Land masses migrate
over time
• new climate
patterns
• isolate organisms
37. Speciation
• Population isolated
• Different conditions in
each place = different
selection
• Different adaptations
to different
environments
• Different enough =
can’t interbreed = new
species
38. Speciation
• Population isolated
• Different conditions in
each place = different
selection
• Different adaptations
to different
environments
• Different enough =
can’t interbreed = new
species
39. Speciation
• Population isolated
• Different conditions in
each place = different
selection
• Different adaptations
to different
environments
• Different enough =
can’t interbreed = new
species
42. Evidence of Evolution
• Biochemical processes
• mtDNA
• phylogeny
• fossil record
• geographic distribution
• present-day examples
43. Evidence of Evolution
• Biochemical processes
• mtDNA
• phylogeny
• fossil record
• geographic distribution
• present-day examples
Notas do Editor
Images: oak leaves and acorns inheritance pattern of monohybrid cross of heterozygous individuals selection of darker individuals in subsequent generations spiraling time geologic time speciation in beetles speciation of lizards on Martinique Island (not yet actually different species, though!) reproductive isolation of equine species in Africa and Asia
Images: oak leaves and acorns inheritance pattern of monohybrid cross of heterozygous individuals selection of darker individuals in subsequent generations spiraling time geologic time speciation in beetles speciation of lizards on Martinique Island (not yet actually different species, though!) reproductive isolation of equine species in Africa and Asia
Images: oak leaves and acorns inheritance pattern of monohybrid cross of heterozygous individuals selection of darker individuals in subsequent generations spiraling time geologic time speciation in beetles speciation of lizards on Martinique Island (not yet actually different species, though!) reproductive isolation of equine species in Africa and Asia
Images: oak leaves and acorns inheritance pattern of monohybrid cross of heterozygous individuals selection of darker individuals in subsequent generations spiraling time geologic time speciation in beetles speciation of lizards on Martinique Island (not yet actually different species, though!) reproductive isolation of equine species in Africa and Asia
Images: oak leaves and acorns inheritance pattern of monohybrid cross of heterozygous individuals selection of darker individuals in subsequent generations spiraling time geologic time speciation in beetles speciation of lizards on Martinique Island (not yet actually different species, though!) reproductive isolation of equine species in Africa and Asia
Images: oak leaves and acorns inheritance pattern of monohybrid cross of heterozygous individuals selection of darker individuals in subsequent generations spiraling time geologic time speciation in beetles speciation of lizards on Martinique Island (not yet actually different species, though!) reproductive isolation of equine species in Africa and Asia
Images: oak leaves and acorns inheritance pattern of monohybrid cross of heterozygous individuals selection of darker individuals in subsequent generations spiraling time geologic time speciation in beetles speciation of lizards on Martinique Island (not yet actually different species, though!) reproductive isolation of equine species in Africa and Asia