This document provides a summary of key concepts in nuclear chemistry, including: 1) Nuclear stability and radioactive decay involve the emission of particles like alpha and beta from unstable nuclei. Different types of radiation (alpha, beta, gamma) require different shielding methods. 2) Radioactive decay follows first-order kinetics and half-life is used to describe the rate of decay. Carbon-14 dating and lead-uranium dating use radioactive half-lives to determine the age of materials. 3) Nuclear reactions like fission and fusion release large amounts of energy. Fission is the splitting of heavy nuclei like uranium-235 and is used in nuclear power reactors. Fusion combines light nuclei and occurs in

1. CHAPTER 18 Nuclear Chemistry 18.I Nuclear Stability & Radioactive Decay pp I

2. Black dots are stable nuclides. As A (atomic mass) increases, nº/p + ratio increases.

7. Radiation Protection

14. Table 18.2 Types of Nuclear Processes p. 845

20. The decay series.

27. Half-life m f : final mass m i : initial mass n : # of half-lives

33. A representation of a Geiger-Müller counter.

41. Radioisotopes Used As Tracers

45. 18.6 Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion Fission - splitting Fusion - Combining Both produce more stable nuclides so they are exothermic processes

49. Schematic of the reactor core.

64. Radioactive particles and rays vary greatly in penetrating power.

66. Diagram for the tentative plan for deep underground isolation of nuclear waste .