3. Table of contents
Structure of the Heart
Heart Chambers
Valves
Function of Heart
Circulation of Blood
Contraction of Heart
Conduction system of the Heart
4. MR. HEART
A hollow, pump like organ of blood circulation, composed mainly of
rhythmically contractile smooth muscle, located in the chest
between the lungs and slightly to the left and consisting of four
chambers.
When 140 bpm, you're having a baby girl. Below 140 bpm,
you're carrying a boy. When under pregnancy, can detect baby
by those heart beat rate.
It’s Pure white in color.
Weight is abt 280-340 g in males and 230-280 g in females.
5. Length 12 cm
Width 8.5 cm
Thickness 6 cm
According to Gray's Anatomy, the heart
length, width, and thickness is……
6. EJECTION FRACTION HEART'S PUMPING ABILITY
Normal 50-75 %
Below Normal 36-49 %
Low 35% and below
Ejection Fraction of the Heart
7. pure color of the human heart
after removing without leaving
a single blood cells…
8. Location
• Is located in the Thoracic cavity
• Posterior to the Sternum
• Superior to the Diaphragm
• Between the Lungs
• The Tip of the Heart is called
“Apex”
10. The Heart consists of Four Cell Layers:
The Endo Cardium (Inner layer of the Heart) is formed
by Endothelial cells, and it lines in the Interior of the
Heart chambers and Valves.
The Myo Cardium (Heart Muscles) is the muscular
middle layer of the Heart that consists of Heart muscle
Cells
11. The Epi- Cardium (Outer layer of the Heart )is formed by
Epithelial cells , and forms the outer cell layer of the Heart
The Peri- Cardium (surrounding the Heart)is a membranous sac
that surrounds the Heart.
It consists of two layers:
• The Visceral pericardium(adheres to the epi- cardium)
• Parietal pericardium (outer coat)
Pericardial cavity(space between those two layers & it also
contains Peri- cardial fluid
14. Structure of the heart
It is divided into the Left and Right side by
partitions called septa (Singular septum)
Interatrial septum separates the two
Upper chambers , called Atria
Interventricular septum separates the two
Lower chambers, called Ventricles
15. CHAMBERS OF THE HEART
The heart is divided into Four chambers:
A: Right Atrium
V: Right Ventricle
A: Left Atrium
V: Left Ventricle
16. Heart Chambers
The Human Heart has Four chambers, which are responsible for pumping blood and
maintaining blood circulation throughout the body. The four chambers are :
Blood is only pumped to one direction. Four Heart Valves ensure that blood does not flow
backward within the Heart
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. Valves of the Heart
Valves are located within the
chambers of the Heart
Function of the Valves:
Controls the direction of blood
flow
Allows one way flow of blood
-through chambers
-From the Heart to the body
24. The Four valves are known as:
The tricuspid valve
The pulmonic
(or)
Pulmonary valve
The Mitral valve
The Aortic valve
26. Heart functions to circulate blood around the body .The right and left side of the
Heart pump blood into two different circulations.
Right side pumps deoxygenated (without oxygen)blood into pulmonary
circulation, while the left side pumps oxygenated blood into systematic
circulation.
Blood enters the right atrium, which pumps the blood into the right ventricle.
The tricuspid valve prevents blood from flowing backward into right atrium.
The right ventricle pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery by the way
through pulmonary valve
27. pulmonary artery will deliver the deoxygenated blood to the lungs, where gas
exchange occurs
Oxygen is taken from the air into the blood (oxygenated blood) while carbon-
dioxide is expelled from the blood into the air. The oxygenated blood returns to
the left side of the Heart by the way through the pulmonary veins
The oxygenated blood enters the left atrium.
The left atrium pumps blood into the left ventricle. The mitral valve prevents
blood from flowing backward into the left atrium .
The left ventricle pumps the blood into the aorta & systemic circulation. The
oxygenated blood is delivered everywhere in the body (besides the lungs )
28. Blood circulation
Blood circulates around the body by the
way through two distinct pathways;
• The pulmonary circulation
• The systemic circulation
Together they create a closed pathways
that keep the deoxygenated & oxygenated
blood separated.
29. Contraction of the Heart
The contraction of the muscular wall of the heart chambers,
Myo- cardium generates the force to pump blood.
The Heart contraction is divided into two phases :
Systole (contraction) &
Diastole (Relaxation)
Blood is pumped from the chambers during a contraction phase.
Heart chambers are filled with blood during a relaxation phase.
