The document provides information about the Android operating system, including its history, architecture, versions, and unique features of Android 4.4 KitKat. It discusses how Android was founded in 2003 by Open Handset Alliance and was later backed by Google. It describes the different layers of Android architecture from applications, through various libraries and middleware, to the Linux kernel. It also compares Android 4.4 KitKat to previous versions like Jelly Bean, highlighting new features in KitKat like wireless charging sounds and enhanced notifications. The document concludes with a comparison of Android to other operating systems like iOS and Windows phone.

1. ANDROID

2. INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
Architecture of ANDROID
Versions
Android 4.4 KITKAT
UNIQUE FEATURES OF KITKAT
DIFFERENCE B/w ANDROID & KITKAT
COMPARISON WITH OTHER Oss
APPLICATIONS

3. Android is an operating
system designed
primarily for
touchscreen mobile
devices such as
smartphones and tablet
computers, developed
by Google in
conjunction with the
Open Handset Alliance.
The Open Handset Alliance (OHA) is
a consortium/association of 84
firms to develop open standards for
mobile devices.
Member firms include the following:

4. HISTORY:
Founded by open handset alliance (OHA) by a group in 2003 by
ANDY ROBIN,RICH MINER (co founder of wildfire communication)
NICK SEARS (vpt-moblie) CHRIS WHITE(design and interface
developed at web TV).
ANDROID logo designed by California based graphic designer
IRINA BLOCK.
Google backed financially and latter brought in android in 2005.
GOOGLE reveled in 2007 with first mobile android powered phone
which was HTC DREAM was sold in October 22nd 2008.
ANDROID is a open source and Google releases the code under
Apache license.
October 2012 approximately 700000 apps were available for
downloads.

5. Architecture
Of
ANDROID

7. 

First layer in system architecture
These include the applications shipped with
android like the email client, SMS client,
maps, browsers and also the applications
developed and distributed through the
Android market.

8. 

Second layer in system architecture
These include the programs that manage the
basic functions of the phone like resource
allocation, voice call management, etc

9. 



The layer above to the Linux kernel is the
Android’s native libraries.
These libraries are written in C/C++
languages.
These libraries also run as processes within
the underlying Linux kernel.
The libraries are nothing but a set of
instructions that tell the device how to handle
different kinds of data (e.g. The media
libraries support playing or recording various
audio/video formats)

10. 



SQLite:This is a lightweight yet powerful
relational database engine available for all
applications to store data.
Webkit:This is a browser engine providing
tools for browsing web pages.
Surface Manager: This is responsible for the
graphics on the device screens
OpenGL: Used to render 2D or 3D graphics to
the screen

11. This is located on the same layer as the
libraries layer.
 It consists of the core JAVA libraries and the
Dalvik virtual machine.
 The core Java libraries are used for
developing Android based applications.
 Dalvik VMs help in achieving the following:
- better memory management
-an application cannot interfere with
other
applications without permissions
- threading support


12. 

The diagram below is a pictorial
representation of the Android environment.
It can be observed that each Android
application runs under a separate virtual
instance and each application has a unique
user-id assigned to it.

13. 



This is last layer in system architecture
Device drivers, power management, process
management and networking services depend
on the layer
Android using Linux kernel 2.6 and android
developed over time have been harmonized.
Android is not exactly Linux.

14. 
The applications in Android can be mainly
classified into two categories:
-Android browser-based applications
-Android-based applications (Android
application package files – .apk extension files)

15. We want to analyze files within the device,so
how do we do this ?
ADB
(windows,linux,mac)

16. 
Android Debug Bridge (adb) command
-Access a shell
-Pull/push files
-Many more

18. VERSIONS

19. Platform usage
Breakdown of the Android versions usage
These charts provide data about the relative number of devices accessing the
Play Store recently and running a given version of the Android platform, as of
January 11, 2014.[

20. API levels of ANDROID
Version
4.4
Code name
KitKat
Release date
API level
Distribution
October 31, 2013
19
1.4%
July 24, 2013
18
7.8%
November 13, 2012
17
15.4%
July 9, 2012
16
35.9%
Ice Cream Sandwich
December 16, 2011
15
16.9%
3.2
Honeycomb
July 15, 2011
13
0.1%
2.3.3–2.3.7
Gingerbread
February 9, 2011
10
21.2%
Froyo
May 20, 2010
8
1.3%
4.3.x
4.2.x
Jelly Bean
4.1.x
4.0.3–4.0.4
2.2

32. HTC One Android 4.4 KitKat
Release Dates Missing as Clock
Ticks
For more details:
http://goo.gl/oUOtK6
LG G2 to Receive Android 4.4
Kitkat Update by March End
For more details:
http://goo.gl/4PcHdb

34. Differences b/w JELLYBEAN and KITKAT
ANDROID:
JELLYBEAN
4.2-4.3
KITKAT
4.4.x
RELEASE DATE:
24 JULY, 2013
31
OCT, 2013
Key user
features added





Allow toggling Wi-Fi and
Bluetooth state in Quick Settings
using long-press

Shows the percentage and
estimated time remaining in the
active download notifications

Wireless charging and low battery
sounds changed

Gallery app updated for faster
loading with new image transition
Performance enhancements and
bug fixes (Bluetooth A2DP audio
streaming fix...)



Most of the
features of
jellybean
were included..
Screen recording
New Translucent
system UI
Enhanced
notification access
System-wide
settings for closed
captioning

35. Key user features
added




Accessibility: gesture mode,
enable braille external
keyboards...Enable Home screen
rotation
Fix bugs and enhance
performances
Fix a bug on screen
orientation
Lockscreen widgets

360 degree images with
Photo Sphere

Gesture Typing, for faster
typing

Wireless display with
Miracast


Daydream to display
information when idle or
docked
Multi-user for tablets

36. With Android operating system (OS) KitKat version 4.4 rolling out to mobile devices across the
globe, Google is on to something—Android is now more popular than iOS or the Windows
phone. The OS tends to garner rave reviews for its ease of use and open source, but many
iOS or Windows phone users argue that their preferred operating system can do just as
much. In some respects that’s true, but here are 10 features unique to Android’s OS.
1) Near Field Communication (NFC)
Most Android devices support NFC, which allows electronic devices to easily interact across
short distances. The main aim here is to create a payment option that is simpler than
carrying credit cards or cash, and while the market hasn’t exploded as many experts had
predicted, there may be an alternative in the works, in the form of Bluetooth Low
Energy (BLE).
2) Alternate Keyboards
Android supports multiple keyboards and makes them easy to install; the SwiftKey, Skype,
and 8pen apps all offer ways to quickly change up your keyboard style. Other mobile
operating systems either don’t permit extra keyboards at all, or the process to install and use
them are tedious and time-consuming.
3) Infrared Transmission
The Android operating system supports a built-in infrared transmitter, allowing you to use your
phone or tablet as a remote control.
4) No-Touch Control
Using Android apps such as Wave Control, users can control their phones touch-free, using
only gestures. Have messy hands but need to turn off your screen or change a song? Simple.
This could prove especially useful if you’re driving, so you can keep both eyes on the road.

39. 3D Android Glasses by
Sensics
Android Treadmill by Life Fitness
Android Landline
Vehicle GPS by PolaroidAndroid Navigation)
Android CameraNavigation (Satellite MicrowaveInc.
Inc.
Android Car Stereo by Parrot
Motoactive Android WristWatch by Motorola

40. 


There has been a huge war of O.S
The main opponent is apple and windows.
Blackberry was once a competent but is no
more in power

41. THANK
YOU
PRESENTED BY
ASHISH YADAV