This document provides an overview of cloud computing. It defines cloud computing as storing information permanently on servers accessed over the internet while caching it temporarily on local devices. The document then discusses the history and evolution of cloud computing concepts. It outlines the main architectural layers (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS) and types of clouds (public, private, hybrid). Reasons for migrating to the cloud include the pay-per-use model and reduced costs, runtimes, and response times. The effectiveness and issues/concerns of cloud computing are also summarized before concluding that cloud computing is a viable solution for businesses.
4. What is Cloud Computing?
“Cloud Computing is a paradigm in which information is
permanently stored in servers on the internet and cached temporarily
on clients that include desktops, entertainment centers, table
computers, notebooks, wall computers, hand-helds, sensors,
monitors, etc.” - 2008 IEEE Internet Computing
5. History
Concept has existed since the 60s
The term ‘Cloud’ originates from
telecommunications world of 1990s
John McCarthy – proposed the idea of computation
being delivered as a public utility
Ramnath K. Chellappa – first academic definition
a computing paradigm where the boundaries of computing
will be determined by economic rationale rather than
technical limits
6. History
Phases:
Supercomputer
Single machine with many processors plugged into it
Cluster computing
Collection of many smaller machines, each with a few number of
processors and independent memory
Grid computing
Expands techniques of clustering but computers that form the grid are
pooled from different administrative domains and applied to a common
task
9. Out-lines
Introduction
What is Cloud Computing
History
Architectural Layers & Cloud Services
Software as a Service
Platform as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service
Types of Clouds
Why migrate to the Cloud?
Effectiveness
Limitations
Issues & Concerns
Conclusion
10. Architecture
Most of the infrastructure consists of reliable services delivered through
data centers that are built on servers with different levels of virtualization
technologies
Open standards and open software are critical to the growth and survival of
Cloud computing.
11. ROLE PLAYERS in the process
1.CLIENTS
2.DATA CENTER
3.DISTRIBUTED SERVERS
15. Architectural Layers & Services
Software as a Service
Platform as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service
16. Architectural Layers & Services
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Term was coined by John Koenig in 2005
Software application delivery model where the vendor
develops and operates the software application for use
by its customers via the internet
17. Architectural Layers & Services
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Provision of an environment that supports the life cycle
of web-application development available over the
internet
Design
Implementation
Testing
Deployment
Hosting
18. Architectural Layers & Services
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Delivery of basic storage and computing capabilities as
standardized services over the internet.
Provides:
Software
Memory
Data center space
Storage
19. Out-lines
Introduction
What is Cloud Computing
History
Architectural Layers & Cloud Services
Software as a Service
Platform as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service
Types of Clouds
Why migrate to the Cloud?
Effectiveness
Limitations
Issues & Concerns
Conclusion
20. Types of Clouds
Public
External (3rd party provider)
Private
Internal
Hybrid
Both
21. Role Players
Cloud Providers
Provide infrastructure to SaaS providers and Cloud
users
Amazon
Salesforce.com
SaaS Providers/Cloud Users
Companies and web application developers that make
use of resources made available to them by Cloud
Providers
SaaS Users
Naïve end-users. Have little or no knowledge about
what goes on behind the Clouds.
22. Outline
Introduction
What is Cloud Computing
History
Architectural Layers & Cloud Services
Software as a Service
Platform as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service
Types of Clouds
Why migrate to the Cloud?
Effectiveness
Issues & Concerns
Conclusion
23. Why migrate to the Cloud?
Pay-per-use model
Only pay for what you use
Low cost of renting
Amazon Scalable Service (S3) charges $0.12 to $0.15
per gigabyte per month
Reduce runtime and response time
Split operations among multiple computing nodes
24. Why migrate to the Cloud?
Security
Advanced encryption algorithms
Transparency
Just use the services, cloud maintenance is for the
providers to worry about
25. Effectiveness of Cloud Computing
New York Times’ TimesMachine
Convert articles from 1851 – 1922 to PDF format
Could have taken 7 weeks but with cloud
computing technology, project was completed in 24
hours.
Animoto
Scaled easily from 50 to 3500 servers in just 3 days
MapReduce
Divide and conquer method is distributed across
multiple computers.
26. Outline
Introduction
What is Cloud Computing
History
Architectural Layers & Cloud Services
Software as a Service
Platform as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service
Types of Clouds
Why migrate to the Cloud?
Effectiveness
Issues & Concerns
Conclusion
27. Issues & Concerns
Reliability
Will the system be available all the time?
January 2009: 40-minute outage at Salesforce.com
Affected over 900,000 subscribers
Portability
Are services (business applications etc) and data
available from anywhere?
28. Issues & Concerns
Privacy & Security
Who has access to what resources
What happens to your private data if
You fail to pay your bills and your account is terminated?
Government prompts your cloud provider for it?
29. Conclusion
Cloud computing is here to stay
There still exists the possibility of a single point of
failure, but probability of a failure is low because
of how well the infrastructure is implemented.
It’s ability to expand and contract on demand
makes it very ideal for businesses