Black-box and Gray-box Strategies for Virtual Machine Migration

Black-box and Gray-box Strategies for Virtual Machine Migration Timothy Wood, Prashant Shenoy, Arun Venkataramani, and Mazin Yousif * University of Massachusetts Amherst * Intel, Portland

Enterprise Data Centers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Benefits of Virtualization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],How can we use virtualization to more efficiently utilize data center resources?

Data Center Workloads ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Arrivals per min Arrivals per min How can we provision resources to meet these changing demands? Time (days) 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1200 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 0 5 10 15 20 Time (hrs) Request Rate (req/min)

Provisioning Methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Problem Statement How can we automatically detect and eliminate hotspots in data center environments? Use VM migration and dynamic resource allocation!

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Research Challenges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A migratory bird

Sandpiper Architecture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Nucleus VM 1 VM 2 Hotspot Detector Control Plane Migration Manager Profiling Engine … PM = Physical Machine VM = Virtual Machine PM 1 PM N

Black-Box and Gray-Box ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Gray Box Application logs OS statistics Black Box ??? Is black-box sufficient? What do we gain from gray-box data?

Black-box Monitoring ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Hypervisor Driver Domain Nucleus VM

Hotspot Detection – When? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Time Utilization Time Utilization Time Utilization Not overloaded Hotspot Detected!

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Resource Profiling – How much? Historical data % Utilization Probability Utilization Profile

Determining Placement – Where to? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],cpu mem net Maximize the amount of load transferred while minimizing the overhead of migrations Volume = 1 1-cpu 1 1-net 1 1-mem * *

Placement Algorithm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PM1 PM2 VM3 VM2 VM1 VM4 VM1 VM5 Migration Swap Swaps increase the number of hotspots we can resolve PM1 PM2 VM3 VM2 VM4 Spare

Implementation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Migration Effectiveness ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PM 1 PM 2 PM 3 CPU Usage (stacked)

Memory Hotspots ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Gray-box can improve application performance by proactively increasing allocation

Data Center Prototype ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Related Work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Thank you http://lass.cs.umass.edu

Stability During Overload ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Measured Predicted

Sandpiper Overhead ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Gray v. Black - Apache ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Web Server Response Time Migrations

Black-box and Gray-box Strategies for Virtual Machine Migration

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Black-box and Gray-box Strategies for Virtual Machine Migration