The Jury is still out: Presenting the case for and against Demand Driven Acquisition and Evidence-Based Acquisition models for ebook access and purchase
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annette moore, chloe dobson university of sussex How do libraries navigate the maze of different Ebook access and acquisitions models to select the model that meets both the needs of our users as well as the size of our budgets?
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The Jury is still out: Presenting the case for and against Demand Driven Acquisition and Evidence-Based Acquisition models for ebook access and purchase
- 1. The Jury is Still Out Presenting the case for and against DDA and EBA models for Ebook access and purchase Annette Moore and Chloe Dobson University of Sussex
- 2. Our Workshop 5 yearsof Demand Driven Acquisition (DDA) 5 yearsof Evidence Based Acquisition (EBA) 5 yearsof data What have we learned ? 2
- 3. Ask the Jury During this session we will be asking for your verdict on the use of E Book access and purchase models, using questions set up on Poll Everywhere. To participate, we’ll be asking you to visit the url www.pollev.com/annette50 and respond to the questions using a mobile phone or or other mobile device. Lets just do a quick question now to get the hang of it. “The first UKSG Conference took place from the 10th to the 12th April 1978. In which city did it take place?” 3
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- 6. Ask the Jury - Question 1 Which models of E Book provision has your institution used in the last 5 years? Go to www.pollev.com/annette50 to respond 6
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- 8. What is DDA? Extensive seamless, Profiled content Free browse period then a 24 hour loanis created after 5 minutes Proven need as purchased on the 4th use These are our settings, what are yours? 8
- 9. Meeting the needs of Students Choiceof texts to support current teaching and research Downloadability, mobile App Multi User- no waiting for E books to become available 9 Meeting the needs of Library Staff Large pool of E Books = potential for innovation in content delivery Flexible content Data who, what, when Free browse - added value Examining the evidence: DDA
- 10. Examining the evidence: DDA for Collection Management A good match for Sussex as we do not have Subject Librarians As space is our perrenial problem, we do not want to buy books that we think our users will want: DDA results in a user driven collection Academic Liaison to build profiles based on stock reviews, fill gaps in the collections and support new and growing areas, English areas exposed after stock review Flexible content to shape our collections each year. 10
- 11. 11 63% of all uses were under 5 minutes = free browse Only 7% were over 2 hours 68% of all uses were under 10 pages of reading Only 4% were 41 pages and over Examining the evidence: Data 16-17
- 12. 12 Music, Film and Media are our Largest consumers of E Books. Followed by Global Studies, Law, Politics and Sociology and English. 1st years are by far our largest users, Followed by PGT’s and 2nd years. Examining the evidence: Data 2016-17
- 13. Examining the evidence: The challenges of DDA Staff timecreating and managing the DDA profiles (EBC) Rocketing spend in the first year Shifting nature of DDA: titles becoming unavailable for loan and backlist emerging Increasein rental charges.. Publishers testing the waters in this phase. 13
- 14. DDA: Instant fulfilment For Interlibrary Loan Book Requests At the Information Hub for missing or not in stock items Our users said: Brilliant service You’ve made my day The service you provide is amazing 14
- 15. Instant Fulfilment :Facts and Figures 2017/18 Interlibrary Loan Book Requests 574 Short Term Loans 351 Titles activated 55 Autopurchases Suspected Missing / Not in Stock 109 Short Term Loans 85 Titles activated 6 Autopurchases 15
- 16. DDA: What have we learned Moving forwards with Access to Own (ATO)model hybrid plan Instant fulfillment used in extenuating circumstances only, user directed to our ILR service and subject to the same limits Smaller profiles based on need: The 2019 profile reflects the stock reviewing we have undertaken in Art History and Education Items on Reading Lists are purchased and removed from the DDA profile Sustainability - regular monitoring of usage and spend to ensure we stay within budget 16
- 17. Ask the Jury - Question 2 “Which features of DDA models do you value most? Please arrange in order of preference with first choice at the top.” Go to www.pollev.com/annette50 to respond 17
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- 20. Developing a ‘mixed model’ approach to E Book provision (2017/18) DDA: ProQuest EBC - careful profiling; JSTOR - front list titles EBA: CUP, JSTOR - back list titles, SAGE & Elsevier - wide range of subjects , fixed costs E Book Subscription packages: Oxford Scholarship Online, Early English Books Online, Early European Books Online ETextbooks for Business School modules with 200+ students Firm Order individual title E books for titles on a reading list OA E Book records discoverable from Library Search 20
- 21. Percentage of Book Budget spent on E Books 28%- firm order E Books 22% - Print Books 19%- Etextbooks 12% - Evidence Based Acquisition 12% - E Book Subscriptions 7% - Demand Driven Acquisition 21
- 22. What is Evidence-based Acquisitions? Library pays an upfront fee to access a collection of ebooks (usually from one publisher) for an agreed period of time. The fee is much smaller than the cost of purchasing the entire collection. MARC records are imported into the Library Catalogue and are discoverable from the Library’s Discovery tool. All titles are available to use by staff and students of the University - generally DRM free. New titles added regularly to the collection during the access period At the end of the access period, The library makes selections for purchasebased on usageor collection development needs up to the value of the upfront fee, Purchased titles remain a part of the Library’s collection in perpetuity. 22
- 23. Examining the evidence: Usage CUP - 2% of titles used accounted for 80% of usage JSTOR - 12% of titles used accounted for 80% of usage Sage - 10% of titles used accounted for 80% of usage Elsevier - 28% of titles used accounted for 80% of usage 23
- 24. Examining the evidence: Subject strengths CUP - Politics & International Relations, Law, Language & Linguistics, History, Drama & Theatre JSTOR - Political Science, Sociology, History, Language & Literature, Philosophy Sage - Sociology, Communication and Media Studies, Business & Management Elsevier - Neuroscience, Engineering, Finance, Medicine and Psychology 24
- 25. The good and the bad of EBA Benefits Involves users directly with selection of content Risks of upfront costs Discover what users really want and use Records coming in and out package Generally DRM free access Workflow and staff time investment Librarians in control of spend Tensions between ownership and access Librarians in control of final, informed purchase decisions Quality of MARC records Challenges 25
- 26. Ask the Jury - Question 3 The Jury is Out! “Which features of EBA models do you value the most?” Go to www.pollev.com/annette50 to respond 26
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- 28. Ask the Jury - Question 4 The Jury is Out! “Do the advantages of DDA and EBA plans outweigh the disadvantages?” Go to www.pollev.com/annette50 to respond 28
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- 30. Future Plans for E Book Provision Review our 2019 E Book Subscription model - is it a cost-effective and sustainable model going forward? Continue with hybrid mix of models - DDA, EBA Support Open Access E Book initiatives Investigate new models of EBook delivery e.g. Perlego E Book subscription service - ‘NetFlix for Books’ 30
- 31. Ask the Jury - Question 5 “How many different E Book models are you currently using?” Go to www.pollev.com/annette50 to respond 31
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- 33. Ask the Jury - Question 6 The future trend in delivering E Books is moving away from ownership towards the Subscription model of access to all content. To what extent do you agree with this? Go to www.pollev.com/annette50 to respond 33
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- 35. Thank you! Thank you for your participation in our session. Please feel free to contact us if you have any further comments, questions or feedback on E Book models: Chloe Dobson - Collection Development Librarian, University of Sussex Library, Chloe.Dobson@sussex.ac.uk Annette Moore - Content Delivery Manager, University of Sussex Library, a.moore@sussex.ac.uk 35
Notas do Editor
- Brief overview what the session will cover. We want to share with you our experience of providing access to E book content over 5 years via DDA (mostly using EBC with a one year switch to Askews) and EBA. We have learned so much in this time and made changes to the ways in which we use these services. We have also been able to benefit from 5 years of data collected, reflecting user behaviour and helping us to understand the best ways forward. In this session we will present the pros and cons of each method, putting questions to you the jury and hoping to draw some conclusions at the end of the session, with your input.
- Poll Everywhere - Introduction
- A little bit of background for you. We first embarked on our DDA provision 5 years ago with the aim of creating a critical mass of E book titles with a user friendly interface. As smart phones and tablets were rocketing in popularity we could see a change in students using mobile devices for reading and study and wanted to tap into this by providing easily portable E books that could be used off campus. We were already buying E book content from MyiLibrary alongside packages such as Oxford Scholarship online, but the content was not mobile or user friendly. We wanted to expand our provision across all subject areas to fill gaps in the collections and flood our Library Search with new records. DDA and EBA, which we began using in XXXX seemed like the perfect solution - innovative and flexible, allowing the possibilities of using the plans in other areas of Library content delivery, such as Inter library loans - and Customer service excellence - more on this later!
- Demand Driven Acquisition gives Libraries the chance to provide access to potentially huge numbers of E books on an loan model. Records are imported into the Library’s discovery tool and have the appearance of being Library content. Ebooks are then used by students, with up to 5 minutes being a free browse period with no cost to the Library. Over 5 minutes the Ebook becomes a 24 hour loan, which then has a cost of 10-30%. On the 4th loan the Ebook is purchased and will become a permanent addition to the collection. DDA ‘plans’ are set up according to subject area and date frames. The plan runs for an academic year and unused Ebooks are removed at the end of the plan.
- DDA suits the Library structure at Sussex as we do not have Subject Librarians to select items for purchase, instead using the Reading list system (ASPIRE) to inform purchasing for teaching and purchase suggestions from academics and users to build the research collections. DDA was seen as a way to extend this and allow selection based on user need, with no mediation from librarians. Academic liaison: adjust profiling to fill gaps in the collections New courses or increases in student numbers eg Museum Studies - we were able to respond to this by opening up our DDA profile to museum related texts spanning all date frames, a task that would be impossible to replicate in print. Match with Stock Review process to increase offer for that Subject area. We have a rolling programme of stock reviews, based on where there is the most pressure on shelf space. We consult with academics to remove items that have not been borrowed in 10 years. Consultations can see us removing between 200 - 6000 items in a project, depending on the area. These reviews can run very smoothly, but at times there can be issues where academics can be defensive about removing research texts. Being able to open up a E Book profile to expose thousands of new texts in an area under review can help. We ran this with the English department for three areas in Chaucer, Early Modern History and Modernism.
- The 5 minute free browse period is by far the most frequent type of use We know that on average 60% of uses are under 5 minutes, reflecting under 10 pages of reading. This is across the subject areas. We know from speaking to our users that they like to have a print book in front of them and also dip into the E Book to search for information, but briefly as they get tired screen reading. We can see this clearly from our usage data.
- Chloe to present these slides - Annette to take over from slide 20 Using the full Ebook Central catalogue of over 800,000 titles to satisfy Interlibrary Loan book requests by instant fulfilment, desktop delivery of E Book. Using EBC to fulfil ILR’s Using EBC to provide innovative customer service at the Information Hub and Library Chat: missing items/extenuating circumstances etc. Used this for CSE evaluation. “Brilliant service” “You’ve made my day” “The service you provide is amazing” Replacing Missing items with DDA Ebooks to ensure only those that are used incur a charge.
- Changes in DDA from the publisher side has meant fewer titles available as Short Term Loans, particularly for the frontlist titles.
- Annette presenting from here? Two transition slides to move from DDA to EBA - what direction were we going in and why? Our experience with different E Book acquisition models has not only been about the transition form print to electronic but also about the choice between Ownership and Access. The challenge is in ensuring that our decisions add value to the student experience but are also sustainable in terms of the Library Resources Budget. Over the last 5 years, we have developed an Acquisitions Strategy that works well for us (students, academics, and the Library), making the most of the available acquisition models and piloting new ones as they evolve. At the Ownership side of the spectrum, we are meeting the needs of our undergraduate students by purchasing E Book ‘Firm Orders’ for items that are on a reading list, ensuring perpetual access and selecting the best available licence – Unlimited User licence and DRM free when available. The Evidence Based Acquisitions model has the advantage of opening up a wider selection of titles above those titles that are on a reading list. The most heavily used titles are then purchased at the end of the access period, so guaranteeing a % of the collection will have perpetual access. Demand Driven Acquisition offers a wider range of titles as well as Short Term Loans, some which will become an automatic purchase, depending on the number of loans and how the account is set up. Moving further away from Ownership, towards access, we have several E Book package subscriptions that provide access to all or a selection of titles from a publisher collection. With the rise in the availability of Open Access E Books, such as in the Directory of Open Access Books, we also make OA E Books discoverable from our Library Search. Over 20,000 Open Access titles added to the catalogue and discoverable through Library Search - Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB), OAPEN, JSTOR Unlimited (Open Acces).
- So, what does the ‘mixed model’ approach look like in terms of our Book Budget? Surprisingly, the spend on Print Books is still up there near the top, accounting for 22% of the Book Budget. However, 2017/18 was the first year that the spend on E Books was higher than the spend on Print, marking a change in the transition from print to electronic collections. The spend on ETextbooks represents a significant part of the Book budget, meeting the needs of students on modules with 200+ registered students where a core textbook is used. An equal % of the budget was spent on Evidence Based Acquisition and E Book subscriptions (12%) with Demand Driven Acquisition models taking up 70% of the book Budget. This is reflecting our current approach to DDA of careful profiling but still taking advantage of the full catalogue of titles to provide instant fulfilment for lost or missing items and Interlibrary Loan Book requests.
- So what does the ‘mixed model’ approach look like in terms of our Book Budget? Surprisingly, the spend on Print Books is still up there near the top, accounting for 22% of the Book Budget. However, 2017/18 was the first year that the spend on E Books was higher than the spend on Print, marking a change in the transition from print to electronic collections. The spend on ETextbooks represents a significant part of the Book budget, meeting the needs of students on modules with 200+ registered students where a core textbook is used. An equal % of the budget was spent on Evidence Based Acquisition and E Book subscriptions (12%) with Demand Driven Acquisition models taking up 70% of the book Budget. This is reflecting our current approach to DDA of careful profiling but still taking advantage of the full catalogue of titles to provide instant fulfilment for lost or missing items and Interlibrary Loan Book requests.
- What is Evidence based Acquisition and how does it differ from Demand Driven Acquisition? In the Evidence Based Acquisition (EBA) module, the library pays an upfront fee to access a collection of ebooks (usually from one publisher) for an agreed period of time. The fee is much smaller than the cost of purchasing the entire collection. MARC records are imported into the Library Catalogue and are discoverable from the Library’s Discovery tool and all titles in the collection are available to use by staff and students of the University. Newly published titles may be added to the collection during the access period, usually on a weekly basis. At the end of the access period, the library makes selections for purchase based on usage or collection development needs up to the value of the upfront fee. The purchased titles remain a part of the Library’s collection in perpetuity.
- As well as usage of individual titles and cost per use, other metrics that we are using to measure the value of our Evidence Based Acquisitions package are: · Percentage of titles used – reflecting the relevance of the collection to our users · Percentage of used titles purchased – reflecting the comparative costs · Percentage of titles used again the following year – ongoing relevance, useful for collection development. One of the concerns with the Evidence Based Acquisitions model is the risk of low usage overall, having paid an upfront fee. Using these three metrics, alongside the cost per use, provides the evidence needed to decide whether the EBA package demonstrates good value for money. Some interesting observations highlighted differences between the four EBA packages in terms of content. Cambridge University Press EBA had a small number of highly used titles that accounted for 80% of the usage, whereas the Elsevier titles had a more evenly distributed usage across titles (28% of titles accounted for 80% of usage).
- Other advantages not yet included in slide - Accessibility? Some of the Risks: Workflow and staff time investment • Risk of upfront costs – requires a leap of faith • Tension between ownership, access and value • Questions of sustainability for both the library and publisher
- Having presented the evidence for and against Demand Driven Acquisition and Evidence Based Acquisition, we would like to put the question to you, our ‘Jury’ - “do the advantages of DDA and EBA plans outweigh the disadvantages?
- Is the wording of this question right? Could we say “
- Chloe to Present from here. In the current academic year we moved one of our large EBA Collections to a subscription model with the same publisher. How many titles? Initial usage figures indicate …. Further analysis June to see which direction we go in. How do we decide? We have a Digital Content Library Group with staff from Academic Services, Collection Development, Content Delivery and monitor usage and costs monthly. We conduct a more in depth usage analysis in June and make decisions based on Usage, Cost per title, and collection development and available budget for the following year. Timing is crucial. Open Access Perlego https://www.perlego.com/a-to-z/publishers
- We would like to end the session with asking for your verdict on two further questions around the use of E Book models. So please have your mobile device or mobile phone ready for the next question to appear.
- Do we need a Questions and Answers Slide before the final slide?