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Poverty in Dallas: A Story of Disparity
- 1. Poverty in Dallas: A Story of Disparity Dr. Timothy M. Bray
- 3. Understanding How We Define Poverty
- 4. Where Did We Get the US Definition? How Much Is Enough? How Much is Too Little? "Mollie Orshansky 1967" by Unknown Social Security Administration History Archives. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons
- 5. Defining Poverty in the United States – 2014 Size of family unit Related children under 18 years None One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight or more One person (unrelated individual Under 65 years 12,316 65 years and over 11,354 Two people Householder under 65 years 15,853 16,317 Householder 65 years and over 14,309 16,256 Three people 18,518 19,055 19,073 Four people 24,418 24,817 24,008 24,091 Five people 29,447 29,875 28,960 28,252 27,820 Six people 33,869 34,004 33,303 32,631 31,633 31,041 Seven people 38,971 39,214 38,375 37,791 36,701 35,431 34,036 Eight people 43,586 43,970 43,179 42,485 41,501 40,252 38,953 38,622 Nine people or more 52,430 52,685 51,984 51,396 50,430 49,101 47,899 47,601 45,768 Source: US Bureau of the Census, 2014 Poverty Threshold Table
- 6. Minimum Wage Is Often Below Poverty Wage Size of family unit Related children under 18 years None One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight or more One person (unrelated individual) Under 65 years 122% 65 years and over Two people Householder under 65 years 190% 92% Householder 65 years and over Three people 244% 158% 79% Four people 247% 182% 126% 63% Five people 256% 202% 156% 107% 54% Six people 267% 222% 181% 139% 95% 49% Seven people 271% 231% 196% 160% 123% 85% 44% Eight people 277% 240% 210% 177% 145% 112% 77% 39% Nine people or more 259% 229% 203% 176% 150% 123% 94% 63% 33%
- 7. What About a Living Wage? Costs for a Family of Three in North Texas Food$6,704 Childcare$7,977 Medical$6,534 Housing$10,956 Transportation$9,859 Other$4,284 Required Income$46,315 Taxes$5,335 Income Before Taxes$51,650 Required Hourly Wage$24.83 Typical Annual Wages Education, Training, and Library ‐ $47,200 Healthcare Support ‐ $24,600 Protective Service ‐ $37,000 Food Prep, Serving , & Related ‐ $18,620 Office & Administrative Support ‐ $30,920 Production ‐ $30,460 Community & Social Service ‐ $42,580
- 8. Poverty in Dallas Among Highest in Poverty Rates • In 2014, 25% of Dallas residents lived below the poverty line. • 46% lived below 185% of the poverty line. Poverty Outpaced Population Growth • Population grew by 8% from 2000‐2014. • Persons living in poverty grew by 49% from 2000‐2014.
- 9. Who is Poor in the City of Dallas? • 24.5% of Dallas Residents Live Below 100% of the Poverty Threshold (±1.2%) At the Margin • Non‐Hispanic White 10.1%(±1.1%) • African American 32.4%(±2.5%) • Asian 27.7%(±6.1%) • Hispanic of Any Race 29.6%(±2.0%) By Race and Ethnicity • Under 18 37.8%(±2.5%) • 18 to 64 20.6%(±1.0%) • 65 and Up 13.9%(±1.7%) By Age Source: American Community Survey 2014 1‐Year Estimates
- 10. Who is Near Poor in the City of Dallas? • 42.2% of Dallas Residents Live Below 185% of the Poverty Threshold (±1.1%) At the Margin • Non‐Hispanic White 18.8%(±1.2%) • Non‐Hispanic African American 52.3%(±7.4%) • Non‐Hispanic Asian 27.5%(±5.1%) • Hispanic of Any Race 59.5%(±1.9%) By Race and Ethnicity • Under 18 59.2%(±1.8%) • 18 to 64 37.0%(±1.3%) • 65 and Up 30.5%(±2.0%) By Age Source: Institute Analysis of American Community Survey Public Use Micro Sample (PUMS) 2014 1‐Year Estimates
- 11. Poverty in Dallas: It’s Bad, But Not for Everybody
- 12. Concentrated Poverty 0 19 7 11 90 29 54 85 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Non‐Hispanic White Non‐Hispanic Black No Predominant Group Hispanic Poverty Distribution of Tracts by Predominant Racial / Ethnic Category Concentrated Poverty Not Concentrated Poverty Non Hispanic White 0% Non‐ Hispanic Black 51% Hispanic 30% No Pred. Group 19% NUMBER OF TRACTS IN CONCENTRATED POVERTY Source: American Community Survey1‐Year Estimates, 2014
- 13. $‐ $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 $400 $450 $500 Bottom 1% Bottom 10% Bottom 25% Median Top 25% Top 10% Top 1% Thousands Personal Income of Employed Adults, Age 25‐64, City of Dallas, 2014 By Race / Ethnicity and Percentile Non‐Hispanic White Non‐Hispanic Black Non‐Hispanic Other Hispanic Source: American Community Survey1‐Year Public Use Microsample Data, 2014
- 14. 37.37% 28.39% 49.76% 31.32% 42.91% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Margin Non‐Hispanic White Non‐Hispanic Black Non‐Hispanic Other Hispanic Percent of Households Housing Distressed Margin Non‐Hispanic White Non‐Hispanic Black Non‐Hispanic Other Hispanic Source: American Community Survey1‐Year Public Use Microsample Data, 2014
- 15. Geographic Isolation - 2014
- 16. The Sheer Scale is Alarming Number of Persons Living in Poverty, 2014 310,167 Number of Persons Living Near Poverty, 2014 587,130 Number of Households Housing Distressed, 2014 237,598 Number of Persons Living in Housing Distressed Households, 2014 595,167 Source: American Community Survey1‐Year Estimates and Public Use Microsample Data, 2014
- 17. Why Does It Matter and What Can We Do About It
- 20. Why Should We Care? Source: US Department of Health and Human Services Healthy Marriage and Responsible Fatherhood
- 21. Poverty Impacts Educational Outcomes
- 22. Economic Distress Impacts Civic Participation 46% of Non‐voters have family incomes less than $30,000 per year. Only 19% of likely voters are from low‐income families.
- 23. Poverty Impacts Brain Development
- 25. Annual Message to Congress December 1, 1862 “It is not ‘can any of us imagine better?’ but, ‘can we all do better?’ The dogmas of the quiet past, are inadequate to the stormy present. The occasion is piled high with difficulty, and we must rise with the occasion. As our case is new, so we must think anew, and act anew. We must disenthrall ourselves, and then we shall save our country.” ‐Abraham Lincoln “Lincoln the Letter Writer” ‐Lloyd Ostendorf, 1987