2. 2
Population is a group of individuals of the same species occupying a given
area that can freely interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature
POPULATION
4. 4
The gene pool consists of all alleles at all gene loci in
all individuals of the population
Gene pool
Allele frequency
The percentage of an organism in a population that
carrying a particular allele
5. 5
Total number of allele in population
Allele frequency =
Number of specific type of allele
DOMINANT ALLELE?
Recessive allele?
6. 6
Total number of allele in population
Number of specific type of allele
Allele frequencies in a gene pool determine the genetic
change for a population
Composition of a gene pool may change over time due to
certain factors
If no change in allele frequencies from one generation
to the next, the gene pool is considered static
Genetic Equilibrium
8. 8
Frequency of alleles and genotypes in a
population will remain constant from
generation to generation if the population is
stable and in genetic equilibrium
Five conditions
1. A large breeding population
2. Random mating
3. No mutation
4. No immigration or emigration
5. No natural selection
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (1908)
9. 9
Organisms are diploid
Only sexual reproduction occurs
Generations are non overlapping
Mating is random
Population size is infinitely large
Allele frequencies are equal in the sexes
There is no migration, mutation or selection