1. MIND UPLOADING (Mind downloading) -
Transferring minds onto Computers
Ayush Tripathi (atasmith20@gmail.com) Deepika Saxena(dsdeepika.saxena.02@gmail.com)
Hina Muqtida(hinasarah120141@gmail.com) Sumit Bajaj(sumitbajaj199@gmail.com )
Students Btech (Computer Science and Engineering) SRMSCET
Mr. Diwakar Upadhyay(diwakaru9@gmail.com)
Assistant Professor(Computer Science and Engineering) SRMSCET
Abstract-
Do anyone has thought of life of person for
thousands of year without water, oxygen, and
other biological requirements or travel from one
place to other with a speed of light.?Interestingly
this is possible through the concept of MIND
UPLOADING.MIND UPLOADING is a
putative process by which the minds, including
memories , personality, consciousness etc of a
specific individual is transferred from its original
biological brain to another operating substrate.
Alternatively mind uploading means mind
transfer , mind downloading ,off loading , side
loading and severalothers. The technology most
commonly associated with mind uploading is
Whole Brain Emulation. Emulation is when one
type of processor (Mind) is emulated in software
on top of another type of processor(CPU).Whole
brain Emulation can be equivalent to neural
prosthesis (investigation) of the whole brain.
Term Uploading commonly used in information
science implies an operation similar to the
transfer of information from one computing
system to another.
This paper is divided into four sections:
1. We are presenting just basic introduction
about mind uploading.
2. Here we are presenting just detail
description on key concepts of Mind
Uploading.
3. Here we are presenting our proposed
work.
4. Here we are presenting summary and
references from where we have
completed our research.
I. Introduction
The most valuable part of you is your mind. That
should be obvious because you live inside the
world that you perceive and create in your mind,
as well its healthy operating conditions .If we
want to protect information against loss then the
best thing we can do is access that information ,
copy it, back it up many time and keep moving it
to the best hardware available. That is whatwe do
with the information that we create in the world
around us. It stands to reason that if we become
able to access and interpret the mind then we
should do the same there.
Mind uploading is the process by which ones
specific mind is transferred from one substrate to
other substrate. Beyond , the process of moving

2. to other substrate we are specially interested in
enhancementof the minds. Combining all we can
say – Mind uploading is the creation of a
simulation of the Human mind in electronic
circuits(light switches , computers , quantum
computers etc).
A person is frozen , sliced and scanned and
neuron by neuron model is created electronically
.That electronic model is hoped to behave just
like the original (althrough it will not be a perfect
copy). If frozen first ,the original person has died
,similar the case of destructive teleportation.
Basic problem is that we do not have alive state
in original copy if once frozen i.e dead mind.
II. Key concepts
Whole Brain Emulation
Gaining complete understanding of human minds
and brain is not Mind uploading. Gaining
complete understanding is preferable but not
necessary.The most basic form of mind
uploading that is often discussed involves
freezing a brain , slicing it up, examining slices
under microscope and reconstructing the neurons,
synapses and most of the major components that
would be deemed functional imperative, To do so
we need information of how biological neurons ,
synapse etc works.Mind uploading is also called
Whole brain Emulation.
To create whole brain Emulation we don’t
actually need to know how mental operations are
archieved ,how consciousness works or any such
high level knowledge. The slice Scan
reconstructsprocedure would be same asopening
up an electronic integrated circuits and scanning
the silica metaland other path deposited there and
simulating there function in software. There are
two areas of interest to upload mind
 Area of how we upload the whole brain
 New piece of housing that uploaded
mind goes into.
Concept of Substrate independent
mindThe Brain implements the mind . It is
complex machine built . According to church
Turing thesis if the function of the brain are
calculable then they can also be carried out by
Turing Machine of different construction built
using another substrate. Therefore we call the
implementation of function of mind in different

3. platform a Substrate Independent Mind. At this
point such a mind can operate in number of
different substrate that support necessary
function. We call a mind Substrate – Independent
when its self same functions that carry out
thinking processes can be implemented through
the operations available in number of different
computational platforms.Eg If we can carry out
functions of a mind both in Biological brain and
in the brain that is composed of computer
software or neuromorphic hardware(hardware
architecture with design principles based on
biological neural system) then that mind is
Substrate Independent. The mind continues to
depend on Substrate but substrate are
independent. The goal of Substrate Independence
is to continue personality ,individual
characterstics, a manner of experiencing and
personal way of processing those experiences
.We can all backup these. The term Substrate
Independent mind is fairly recent . The term
Substrate independence has come from ideas like
Mind uploading , offloading ,etc. Unfortunately
those older terms have also lead to some
confusion , especially among those new to
ideas….. why uploading? Why not Downloading
of off loading ?In case of MRI(Magnetic
resonanceImage)of brain we use concept of
Uploading but problem is not to simply recordbut
to reimplement functions of minds ie modify our
minds. Reimplementation of function must
operate on some substrate but when you can do
this in a number of sufficiently powerful
Computational Substrates then the mind become
Substrate Independent in that Way.
III. Proposed work
Coalescing Minds:
We present a hypothetical process of mind
coalescence , where artificial connections are
created between two or more brains. This might
simply allow for an improved form of
communication. At the other extreme , it might
merge the minds into one in a process that can be
thought of as a reverse split brain operation.
We propose that one way mind coalescence
might happen is via exocortex , a prosthetic
extention of the biological brain. Exocortex may
also prove to be the easiest route for mind
uploading , as a person personality gradually
moves awayfrom aging biological brain and onto
the exocortex . Memories might also be copied
and shared even without minds being
permanently merged. Mind uploads ,or uploads
for short are hypothetical human minds that have
been moved into a digital format and run as
software programs on computers. Coalesed
minds , is hypothetical mind created by merging
two or more previously separate minds. Physical
or software connections are created between the
brains housing the minds, similar to the neuronal
connections already existing within each brain.
The brain begin communicating with each other
directly as if they were different parts of same
brain. Eventually any stored information that one
of the minds can consciously accessible for other
minds as well.
a) Benefits of coalescence:
1. The reasons for wanting to coalesce with
another mind may not be immediately
obvious,yet there are a number of reasons why
somebody might want to do so, either at a light
and superficial level or more extensively:
2. Coalescing could help exchange information
far more efficiently than by simply speech.
Instead of being limited to talking ,thoughts and

4. ideas could be integrated between the two
hemispheres of human brains.
3.Normal human can only have single conscious
thought process at a time eg a person who is
focusing their attention on something will often
fail to notice things that they are looking directly
towards but mind can do many things at same
time through coalescence.
4.Help to ensure trust between two minds. Two
minds that coalscence together could thereby
assure each other that they both really are fully
commited to common goal.
Copying memories between two minds is special
case of coalscence, where one mind receives the
memories and information another has, but
retains its own distinctive thought process.
b) Paths to coalscence :
Coalscence requires some technological meansof
connecting minds together .We consider three
options to connect minds:
1. Direct brain to brain connections- The
easiest approach seems to be to connect human
brains directly in much the same way as two
brains hemispheres are connected .In order to
understand effect of direct brain to brain
connection it is useful to consider what happen if
the axons connecting the hemisphere are
severed.This result in a condition known as split
brain :Two different conscious minds ,one for
each hemisphere . Each mind has its own set of
knowledge, preferences, attention and motor
control implying two parallel conscious
minds.connecting brains ensures to create single
unified minds. If connections were then seperated
, there would again be two separate brains instead
of unified one. Either of two minds would then
have no access to knowledge of other minds.
2.Connecting minds via exocorties- It appears
that biological brain cannot support multiple
separate conscious attentional processes in same
brain medium.Merging brains would therefore
probably lead to mind wind,only one focus of
conscious attentions. To implement multi-
attention mind, some sort of mediating
component that allows for presence of multiple
consious attentional process is required. To
archieve this we propose to connect to human
brain which would integrate with each other and
make 3 assumptions:
a) There seems to be a relatively unified cortical
algorithm which is capable of processing
different type of information.
b) We already have fairly good understanding on
how the cerebral cortex processes information
and give rise to attenttional processes underlying
consciousness.
c) The cortical algorithm has an inbuilt ability to
transfer information between cortical areas.
3. Mind coalescence via full uploading –In this
we fully upload a human brain to a digital
substrate somehow.ones this has been
accomplished , the task of connecting two or
more brains to each other would no longer be a
problem of biological feasibility , but rather a

5. more straightforward computer science problem.
Eg if brain of two person Albert and Bob were
both emulated in same computer , then adding a
connection between neurons in Albert brain and
neuron in Bob brain might not have any essential
difference from adding a connector between two
neurons in Albert brain. Full uploading could
then be used to either implement a direct brain to
brain connection or to create software exocortex
to mediate the connection. Possibly one of largest
hurdles is the issue of creating connectors that are
small enough to create millions of connections.
Most of approaches of full uploading that are
currently considered involves destructive
uploading ie cutting up original brain to small
slices and scanning them.
IV. Conclusion
We have argued that exocortices are a plausible
development in the foreseeable future. We have
outlined three assumptions which is true, would
seem to make development of exocortices
technically feasible.First that , there is a unified
cortical algorithm which can be replicated with
relative ease , without needing to study many
different cortical algorithm in detail.Second that,
consciousness works according to a biased
competition model, and that it is possible to
integrate the exocortex to that process.Third that,
the ability to move information across different
areas in an inherent property of cortical
algorithm. If all three assumptions holds ,and
other technical challenges are overcome,
exocortices could then be connected together in
order to coalesce minds.It is possible for minds to
coalesce exocorties with mediating component
and through full uploading. Digital minds
potentially enjoy number of advantages , all of
which might make it easierfor them to succeedin
their goals.Hardware improvements could allow
digital minds to think faster and to consider more
thinking at ones.Algorithm could be improved to
give an even large boost than hardware
implements could ,then new modules could be
designed for new kinds of domains.
In general the ability to copy minds seemsto very
strong evolutionary pressures , while various
reasons exist why not everyone might want to
restrict coalscence,it also seems possible that
coalesced minds could quickly outcomplete
uncoalesced minds. The possibility to share
memories and information would weaken the
borders of identity of a great deal of people might
become considerably more fluid that it is today.
References
Berger, T. W., Hampson, R. E., Song, D.,
Goonawardena, A., Marmarelis, V. Z. and
Deadwyler, S. A. [2011] A cortical neural
prosthesis for restoring and enhancing memory,
J. Neural Eng. 8(4).
Blackmore, S. [2000] The Meme Machine
(Oxford University Press).
Bloom, J. S. and Hynd, G. W. [2005]. The role of
the corpus callosum in interhemispheric
transfer of information: excitation or
inhibition? Neuropsychology Rev. 15(2), 59–
71.
Bostrom, N. [2004] “The future of human
evolution,” in Tandy, C. (ed.) Death and Anti-
Death: Two Hundred Years After Kant, Fifty
Years After Turing ( Ria University Press),pp.
339–371.

6. Bostrom, N. [2005] In defense of posthuman
dignity, Bioethics 19(3), 202–214.
Bostrom, N. and Yudkowsky, E. [2011] “The
ethics of artificial intelligence,” in Ramsey,W.
and Frankish, K. (eds.) Cambridge Handbook
of Artificial Intelligence (Cambridge
University Press).
Buxhoeveden, D. P. and Casanova, M. F. [2002]
The minicolumn hypothesis in neuroscience,
Brain 125(5), 935–951.
Chalmers, D. J. [1995] Facing up to the problem
of consciousness, J. Consc. Studies 2(3),200–
219.
Dawkins, R. [1976] The Selfish Gene (Oxford
University Press).
Deco, G. and Rolls, E. T. [2004] A
neurodynamical cortical model of visual
attention and invariant object recognition, Vision
Research 44(6), 621–642.
Barbounis, T. G., Theocharis, J.B.,Alexiadis, M.
C. and Dokopoulos, P. S. [2006] Long-term wind
speedand powerforecasting using local recurrent
neural network models, IEEE Transactions on
Energy Conversion 21, 273–284.
Beckers, R., Holland, O. E. and Deneubourg, J.
L. [1994] “From local actions to global tasks:
Stigmergy and collective robotics,” in R. Brooks
& P. Maes ( eds.), Artificial Life IV,Proceedings
of the Fourth International Workshop on the
Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (The
MIT Press).
Beer, R. D. [2000] Dynamical approaches to
cognitive science, Trends in Cognitive Sciences
4, 91–99.
Bergson, H. [1988] Matter and Memory (Zone
Books, New York, NY), translated by Nancy
Margaret Paul and W. Scott Palmer (from
Mati´ere et m´emoire, 1908).