Top 100 Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers in 2022 According to the IBM Report, data breaches cost measured businesses $4.24 million per incident on average, the highest in the 17 years of history. However, the demand for cyber security professionals exceeded and created exciting job opportunities.

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Top 100 Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers in 2022
According to the IBM Report, data breaches cost measured businesses $4.24
million per incident on average, the highest in the 17 years of history. However,
the demand for cyber security professionals exceeded and created exciting job
opportunities. So, I wrote this wonderful blog on Cyber security interview
questions and answers for all those opportunity seekers who are willing to
secure their future in a well-reputed organization as a cyber security analyst.
This digital world enclosed by cyber-attacks requires fully trained and
professional cyber security engineers to foresee, notice, and limit the possible
threats by utilizing their best possible efforts. It is expected that the current
number of open positions for network security engineers and analysts will triple
over the coming five years.
Clearing the cyber security questions in the interview is not as easy as you think,
so it is recommended to fully prepare because more knowledge is required to
handle sophisticated threats.
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2. Introduction to Cyber Security
Cybersecurity is a proactive method to safeguard computing devices connected
to the internet, including personal computers, web hosting servers, handheld
devices, electronic systems, IT networks, and data from malicious attacks.
To understand, let’s break the word cybersecurity into two subparts: cyber and
security. The term “cyber” points to a wide range of technology such as IT
networks, data and computing systems. On the other hand, security is
concerned with the protection of systems, IT networks, data and related
applications.
It is also known as electronic information security; that’s why beginners also
search Information security viva questions and answers to prepare themselves
for cybersecurity-related questions.
It depends on the criteria of the companies either they can go with cyber
security MCQ questions and answers, assign you a practical task to fix it within
the allowed time or verbally ask you the technical questions. Download network
security questions and answers pdf file and complete the theoretical part first.
Visit different websites that offer online quizzes of interview questions on
cyber security.

3. In simple words, cybersecurity is the name of multiple techniques, methods,
technologies, and practices to protect cyber-attacks, modification, theft or
unauthorized access to any computing devices, programs, networks and data.
Importance of Cyber Security
Our society is more technologically reliant than ever before in this digital era
because the internet, computing devices, including laptops, tablets, and
electronic gadgets and software programs, are essential parts of our daily lives.
Whether you’re an individual, company or a multinational organization such as
banking systems, hospitals and governments, you can never ignore the
importance of computing to run your business activities. When they manipulate
or store important data such as customers’ details, intellectual property, or

4. credit card details are vulnerable to hackers, which could result in severe
penalties.
All businesses are already shifted on the internet or plan to maintain their
presence and ROI value soon. But they have to implement vulnerability
management techniques to secure their online business.
There are many reasons that attackers (or hackers) steal the data; they can use
this valuable information to sell it on the dark web, penetrate them for financial
gain, political reasons, extortion or simply destruction. Whatever the reason is,
you can implement tight networking security and follow proper guidelines to
avoid security breaches.
As online shopping is getting valued, every traditional business is shifted on the
internet or planning to secure the presence within a couple of days. When
businesses develop their web applications or software, they need to secure
their confidential and clients’ data to maintain trust. They need network security
experts to maintain their reputation in the market. So, the job ratio is increasing,
but it is necessary to get the basic knowledge to get selected in any well-
reputed organization. In this article, you will learn the most frequently asked
cyber security interview questions and answers for newbies and experienced
candidates.

5. As the trend of online shopping is getting valued, every traditional business is
shifted on the internet or planning to secure the presence within a couple of
days. When the businesses develop their web applications or software, they
need to secure their confidential and clients’ data in order to maintain the trust-
level. They need network security experts in order to maintain their reputation in
the market. So, the job ratio is getting increased but it is necessary to get the
basic knowledge for getting selected in any well-reputed organization. In this
article, you will learn the most frequently asked cyber security interview
questions and answers for newbies as well as experienced candidates.
Top 100 Cybersecurity Interview Questions and Answers
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What is cybersecurity?
1
What are the fundamental elements of cybersecurity?
2
What are the main advantages of cyber security?
3
What Do You Means By Cryptography?
4
What is Main Difference between IDS and IPS?
5

6. Explain the CIA Model?
6
Define The Firewall?
7
What is Traceroute and How Can We Check It?
8
What is the Difference between HIDS and NIDS?
9
What is SSL and Why We Need To Use It?
10
Define Data Leakage?
11
What is brute force attack and How to prevent it?
12
Define The Port Scanning?
13
Enlist The Names of OSI Model Layers
14
What is a VPN?
15
Who are The Black Hat Hackers?
16
Who are white hat hackers?
17
Who are Grey Hat Hackers?
18
How To Reset The Password-protected BIOS Configuration?
19
Do You Know About MITM Attack?
20
What is ARP and How it works?
21
Define Botnet
22

7. What are The Major Differences Between SSL and TLS?
23
What is The Abbreviation of CSRF?
24
What is 2FA? How To Implement It For A Public Website?
25
What Is The Difference Between Asymmetric And Symmetric Encryption?
26
XSS Stands For?
27
Do You Know About WAF?
28
What Is Hacking?
29
Who Are The Hackers?
30
What Is Network Sniffing?
31
Why DNS Monitoring Is Important?
32
What Is The Process Of Salting And Why It Is Used?
33
What is SSH?
34
Is SSL protocol enough For Network Security?
35
Define Black Box Testing And White Box Testing?
36
Explain Vulnerabilities In Network Security?
37
What Is TCP Three-way handshake?
38
What Is Residual Risk and How To Deal With it?
39

8. Can You Define Exfiltration?
40
Do You Know About Exploit in Network Security?
41
What is Penetration Testing?
42
Enlist The Most Common Cyber-Attacks?
43
What is The Name Of Protocol That Broadcast The Information Across All
The Devices?
44
How Can We Protect Email Messages?
45
What is Data Encryption and Why It Is Important In Network Security?
46
What is The Main Difference Between Diffie-Hellman and RSA?
47
What is The Remote Desktop Protocol?
48
Do You Know About Forward Secrecy?
49
Explain The Concept of IV in Encryption?
50
What is The Difference Between Stream Cipher and Block Cipher?
51
Enlist Some Examples of A Symmetric Encryption Algorithm?
52
What is The Abbreviation of ECB and CBC?
53
Can You Define Spyware?
54
Do You Know About Impersonation?
55

9. What is SRM?
56
What is The Computer Virus?
57
What Do You mean By Authenticode?
58
Define CryptoAPI?
59
What are The Steps To Secure Web Server?
60
What is MBSA?
61
What is Ethical Hacking?
62
Explain Social Engineering and Enlist its Attacks?
63
What is IP and MAC Addresses?
64
What Do You mean By A Worm?
65
What is The Difference Between Virus and Worm?
66
Enlist Some Tools Used For Packet Sniffing?
67
Do You Know About Anti-Virus Sensor Systems?
68
What are The Types of Sniffing Attacks?
69
Explain Distributed Denial-Of-Service Attack (DDoS)?
70
What is The Concept Of Session Hijacking?
71
What are The Different Methods Of Session Hijacking?
72

10. Define Hacking Tools?
73
What Are The Common Encryption Tools?
74
Define Backdoor?
75
Is it a Good Way To Send Login Credentials Through Email?
76
What is The 80/20 Rule of Networking?
77
What is WEP cracking?
78
What are The WEP cracking tools?
79
Define Security Auditing?
80
What is Phishing?
81
Can You Define Nano-Scale Encryption?
82
What is Security Testing?
83
What is Security Scanning?
84
What are The Available Hacking Tools?
85
What are The Disadvantages of Penetration Testing?
86
What is Security Threat?
87
What are Physical Threats?
88
What are The Examples Of Non-Physical Threats?
89

11. Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers
1) What is Cyber Security?
Cyber security is the process of protecting hardware, software and data from
hackers. The primary purpose of implementing these cyber security techniques
is to protect against different cyberattacks such as changing, accessing or
destroying sensitive data.
Do You Know About Trojan Virus?
90
What is SQL Injection?
91
Enlist Security Vulnerabilities As Per Open Web Application Security Project
(OWASP)
92
What is an Access Token?
93
What is ARP Poisoning?
94
Enlist the common types of non-physical threats:
95
What is The Sequence of a TCP Connection?
96
What is Nmap?
97
What is The Use Of EtterPeak Tool?
98
What are the types of cyber-attacks?
99
List out web-based attacks
100
Some examples of System-based attacks
101
List out the types of cyber attackers
102

12. 2) What are The Fundamental Elements of Cyber Security?
Following are the main elements of cyber security:
Information security
End-user education
Operational security
Application security
Network security
Business continuity planning
3) What are The Main Advantages of Cyber Security?
It protects the business against unauthorized access, including
ransomware, social engineering, malware and phishing.
Protects end-users and improve the business continuity management
Improves stakeholder confidence
Provide adequate protection for both data as well as networks
Increase recovery time after any breach
4) What Do You Means By Cryptography?
Cryptography is the technique used to protect confidential information from
third parties called adversaries. It allows both sender and receiver of any
message to read its details.
5) What is The Main Difference between IDS and IPS?
As the name indicates, IDS (Intrusion Detection System) detects intrusions, and
an administrator prevents the intrusion carefully. In the IPS (Intrusion Prevention
System), the system finds the intrusion and prevents it for better protection.
6) Explain The CIA Model?

13. CIA (Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability) is a common model to develop a
security policy. It consists of the following concepts:
Confidentiality: Ensure the confidential and private data is accessed only
by the authorized users
Integrity: It means the information is in the right format
Availability: Ensure the data and other required resources are available to
those users who need them
7) Define The Firewall?
In simple words, the firewall is a network security device that is mainly designed
to monitor incoming and outgoing traffic and blocks data based on the security
rules. Firewalls are considered the best option to protect the network from
worms, malware, viruses, remote access and content filtering.

14. 8) What is Traceroute and How Can We Check It?
Traceroute is the network diagnostic tool used to track the real path of any data
packet on an IP address from its source to destination. It reports all IP
addresses of routers and records the time taken for each hop. Traceroute is
mostly used to check out the connection breaks to identify the point of failure.
Go to command prompt (cmd), write “tracert”, and enter any domain name after
a single space, as you can view in the picture given below:
9) What is The Difference between HIDS and NIDS?
Parameter HIDS NIDS
Usage Detect the intrusions Used for the network
Monitoring It monitors suspicious system
activities and traffic of any specific
device.
It monitors the traffic of
all devices on the
network

15. Performance Must be installed on every host It can monitor multiple
hosts at a time
10) What is SSL and Why We Need To Use It?
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a technology used to create encrypted
connections between web servers and browsers. It is now compulsory for every
website to be ranked on the first page of google and is commonly used to
protect online transactions, users’ data, and digital payments.
11) Define Data Leakage?
It is the name of unauthorized data transmission from a network (within the
organization) to an external network or destination. Data leakage can occur via
email, optical media, USB keys or laptops.
12) What is The Brute Force Attack and How to Prevent it?
The brute force attack is trial-and-error to guess login information, encryption
keys, or PIN. In this case, hackers make all the possible ways and try to guess
the credentials one by one. Brute force attacks are automated and use a
password dictionary that contains millions of words that can be used as a
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16. password. So, you can try to minimize the brute force risk by adopting the
following ways:
Set password length
Use a complex password
Set limits on login failures
13) Define Port Scanning?
Port scanning is the name of identification of the open ports and services
available on any particular host. So, attackers use this technique to find out
information for malicious purposes.
14) Enlist The Names of OSI Model Layers
There are seven layers of OSI Model:

17. 15) What is a VPN?
VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a network connection method used to create a
secure and encrypted connection. VPN protects you from snooping, censorship
and interference. Virtual Private Networks secure the public internet connection
with the help of encryption techniques and provide shielding to your online
activity from cybercriminals and even your Internet Service Provider.
16) Who are The Black Hat Hackers?
Black hat hackers are those people who have good knowledge of breaching
network security, and they can generate malware for personal financial gain or
malicious activities. They are clever and break into a network to modify or
destroy data and are unavailable for authorized users.
Physical Layer
1
Data Link Layer
2
Network Layer
3
Transport Layer
4
Session Layer
5
Presentation Layer
6
Application Layer
7

18. 17) Who are White Hat Hackers?
White hat hackers are also known as security specialists specializing in
penetration testing and help the organization protect their confidential and
secure information from attackers. In other words, you can also call them
ethical hackers who perform hacking activities to improve the network security.
If you want to become an ethical hacker, you need to go through cyber security
interview questions and answers to grab a golden opportunity.
18) Who are Grey Hat Hackers?
It is the combination of white and black hat hacking techniques in which the
grey hat hackers sometimes violate ethical standards, but they don’t have any
malicious intent.
19) How To Reset The Password-protected BIOS Configuration?

19. There are different ways to reset the BIOS password, but a few of them are
given below:
Remove CMOS battery
By utilizing the software
Using a motherboard jumper
By utilizing MS-DOS
20) Do You Know About MITM Attack?
MITM (Man In The Middle) is an attack where the attacker intercepts the
communication between two networks or persons. MITM is working on the
primary intent to access confidential information.
21) What is ARP and How it works?

20. ARP is a protocol that works as an interface between the OSI network and OSI
link layer and is used to find out the MAC address associated with the IPv4
address. What does ARP Stands for in Accenture: Robotics Process
Automation – Accenture.
22) Define Botnet
A botnet is the number of internet-connected devices like laptops, servers, IoT,
mobile devices, and PCs controlled or infected by malware.
23) What are The Major Differences Between SSL and TLS?
TLS is a secure channel between two clients, whereas SSL helps track the
person we communicate with because it verifies the sender’s identity.
24) What is The Abbreviation of CSRF?
Cross-Site Request Forgery
25) What is 2FA? How To Implement It For A Public Website?
2FA stands for two-factor authentication, and it is a security process used to
identify the person accessing an online account. The user will get access after
giving evidence to the authentication device.
26) What Is The Difference Between Asymmetric And Symmetric Encryption?
Asymmetric encryption uses a different key for encryption and decryption,
whereas symmetric requires the same key for both encryption and decryption.
27) XSS Stands For?
cross-site scripting

21. 28) Do You Know About WAF?
A web Application Firewall (WAF) is used to protect the application by filtering
and monitoring all incoming and outgoing traffic between the application and
the internet.
29) What is Hacking?
Hacking is a technique used to discover weaknesses in the private network or
computer to exploit its weaknesses and gain access. In simple words, it is the
name of using password cracking techniques to gain access to the system.
30) Who are The Hackers?
Hackers are those people who find and exploit the weakness in any network or
computing device to gain access. They are experienced programmers with a

22. great knowledge of computer security.
31) What is Network Sniffing?
It is a tool to analyze data packets sent over a network using specialized
software and hardware equipment. Sniffing can be used for:
Capturing sensitive and confidential data such as password
Eavesdropping on chat messages
Monitoring data package over a network
32) Why Is DNS Monitoring Important?
Newly registered domains are easily infected with malicious software, so the
DNS monitoring tools identify malware.

23. 33) What Is The Process Of Salting And Why It Is Used?
Salting is a process in which passwords length is extended using special
characters. To use it more efficiently, you need to understand the entire
mechanism of salting. It is an efficient way to safeguard your passwords
because it also prevents attackers from testing known words across the
system. For example, (“QxLUF1bgIAdeQX”) is added to each password to
protect passwords.
34) What is SSH?
Secure Socket Shell (also known as Secure Shell) is a utility suite that the
system administrators use to secure access to the data on a network.
35) Is SSL Protocol enough For Network Security?
SSL is not an all-in-one security solution because it does not provide security
once the data is transferred to the server. So, it is a proactive approach to use
server-side encryption and hashing to protect against any data breach. For
advanced study, you may consider searching cryptography and network security
viva questions to be a successful network security engineer.
36) Define Black Box Testing And White Box Testing?

24. Black box testing is a software testing technique in which an application’s
internal structure or program code is hidden.
White box testing: It is a software testing way the tester knows the
internal structure or program.
37) Explain Vulnerabilities In Network Security?
Vulnerabilities refer to any weak point in the applications or software code that
an attacker can exploit. It is commonly found in SaaS (Software as a Service)
applications.
38) What Is TCP Three-way handshake?
The three-way handshake is the process of connecting localhost and severs in
the network. This process requires the client and server to exchange the
synchronization and acknowledgement packets before communicating data.

25. 39) What Is Residual Risk and How To Deal With It?
Residual risk is a threat that balances the risk exposure after eliminating threats,
so we can deal with the risk by choosing the following ways:
40) Can You Define Exfiltration?
It is the name of unauthorized data transfer from a computer system. Anyone
with physical access to computing devices may carry this transmission out.
41) Do You Know About Exploit in Network Security?
Reduce it
1
Avoid it
2
Accept it
3

26. It is a method used by hackers to access data in an unauthorized way. Exploit is
incorporated into malware.
42) What is Penetration Testing?
Penetration testing is the name of checking exploitable vulnerabilities on the
target. It is used to augment the web application firewall in web security.
43) Enlist The Most Common Cyber-Attacks?
When preparing cyber security interview questions and answers, consider the
commonly used cyber-attacks. Following are the popular types of cyber-attacks:
Malware
Phishing

27. Password attacks
DDoS
Man-in-the-middle
Drive-by downloads
Rogue software
Malvertising (malicious advertising)
44) What is The Name Of Protocol That Broadcast The Information Across All The
Devices?
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) is a communication protocol used
in gaming or video streaming and facilitates communication devices, including
routers, to send packets.
45) How Can We Protect Email Messages?
Cipher algorithm is highly recommended to protect email, credit card information
and confidential data.
46) What is Data Encryption and Why It Is Important In Network Security?
Data encryption is a technique used to secure the data by converting it into
code. So, only authorized users can access this code or converted form of data.
It is important for network security because your data can be breached at any
stage in the network if it is not encrypted. In the cyber security interview
questions and answers, your most questions should be on the encryption and
decryption techniques and secure the network.
47) What is The Main Difference Between Diffie-Hellman and RSA?
Diffie-Helman is a protocol used whenever the key is exchanged between two
parties, and RSA is an encryption algorithm that takes the keys (public and
private) to do the encryption and decryption.

28. 48) What is The Remote Desktop Protocol?
Microsoft developed RDP and provides GUI (graphical user interface) to connect
two devices over a network. The user will use RDP client software to get
successful communication, and other devices must run RDP server software.
RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) is dedicatedly designed for remote
management and virtual access applications, computers, or terminal servers.
49) Do You Know About Forward Secrecy?
Forward secrecy is a security measure used to confirm the integrity of the
unique session key if long term key is compromised.
50) Explain The Concept of IV in Encryption?
IV (Initial Vector) is an arbitrary number used to ensure that identical text is
encrypted to different ciphertexts. The encryption program uses an IV program
only once per session. The preparation of cyber security interview questions and
answers is highly recommended if you’re seriously willing to secure your job in a
well reputed firm.
51) What is The Difference Between Stream Cipher and Block Cipher?

30. Parameter Stream Cipher Block Cipher
Working Operates on small plaintext Works on large data blocks
Code
requirements
Less code required More code required
Usage of keys Only once Reuse of key is possible
Application Secure Socket layer File encryption and
database
Usage Used to implement
hardware
Used to implement
software
52) Enlist Some Examples of A Symmetric Encryption Algorithm?
Following are the examples of symmetric encryption algorithm:
RCx
Rijndael (AES)
DES
Blowfish
53) What is The Abbreviation of ECB and CBC?
ECB stands for Electronic Codebook, and CBC stands for Cipher Block Chaining.
54) Can You Define Spyware?
It is a type of malware used to steal data about the company or person.
Spyware can damage the computer system of companies or organizations.
55) Do You Know About Impersonation?
Yes, it is a mechanism used to assign the user account to an unknown user.

31. 56) What is SRM?
SRM (Security Reference Monitor) is a Microsoft Windows system used to
implement security in windows. It determines whether access to a resource is
allowed or not. MSFT Access Token is used for the verification of all user
actions.
57) What is The Computer Virus?
It is malicious software executed on the system without users’ consent and
consumes computing resources such as CPU time and memory. In some
special cases, this malicious software changes other computer programs and
inserts its code to harm the computer system. Different computer viruses may
be used to:
Access user ID and passwords
Corrupt data in the computer
Log the users’ keystrokes
Show annoying messages
58) What Do You mean By Authenticode?
It is a technology used to identify the publisher of Authenticode sign software.
With the help of Authenticode, every user can verify that software is genuine or
contains any malicious program.
59) Define CryptoAPI?
As the name indicates, CryptoAPI collects encryption APIs that allow the
developers to create a project on a protected and secure network.
60) What are The Steps To Secure Web Server?
Following are the simple steps to secure your web server:

32. Update the ownership of the file
Keep your webserver up-to-date
Disable all extra modules
Delete default scripts
61) What is MBSA?
Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (MBSA) is a graphical and command-line
interface that finds missing security updates and misconfigurations.
62) What is Ethical Hacking?
It is a type of hacking in which attackers understand the weak points and
improve overall security. Ethical hackers get the help of different tools and fix
vulnerabilities of computers or networks.
63) Explain Social Engineering and Enlist its Attacks?
The term social engineering is used to convince people to reveal confidential
information, and it has three types: Human-based, mobile-based and computer-
based.
Human-based attack: Attackers may pretend to be a genuine user who
requests higher authority to reveal the organization’s confidential
information.
Computer-based attack: In this type of attack, attackers send fake emails
to harm the computer and ask them to forward such emails.
Mobile-based attack: They may send SMS to others and collect private
information. If any user downloads a malicious application, it can be
misused to grant access to confidential information.
64) What is IP and MAC Addresses?

33. IP address stands for Internet Protocol address and uniquely identifies any
computer or other devices such as printers, storage disks on a computer
network.
MAC address stands for Media Access Control address used to uniquely
identify network interfaces for proper communication at the physical layer.
65) What Do You mean By A Worm?
The worm is malware that replicates from one computer to another.
66) What is The Difference Between Virus and Worm?
Parameter ` Virus Virus
How they
infect?
The virus inserts malicious code
into a particular program or file
Worm is attached in Instant
messages or email copies
Dependency It needs a host program to work There is no need for any
host to function correctly
Linked with Virus is linked with .com, .xls,
.exe, .doc, and others
The worm is linked with any
file on a network
Affecting
speed
It is slower than worm It is faster as compared to
virus
67) Enlist Some Tools Used For Packet Sniffing?
Following tools are used for packet sniffing:
Tcpdump
Kismet

34. Wireshark
NetworkMiner
Dsniff
68) Do You Know About Anti-Virus Sensor Systems?
Yes, it is a tool used to identify, prevent, or remove viruses present in computing
devices. Anti-virus sensor systems perform system checks and increase the
computer’s security regularly.
69) What are The Types of Sniffing Attacks?
Following are the types of sniffing attacks:
Protocol Sniffing
LAN Sniffing
ARP Sniffing
TCP Session stealing
Web password sniffing
Application-level sniffing
70) Explain Distributed Denial-Of-Service Attack (DDoS)?
It is a type of attack in which a malicious actor aims to render a computer,
server, or network resource to its intended users. In other words, it is a process
of disrupting the normal traffic of a targeted server by overwhelming the target.
71) What is The Concept Of Session Hijacking?
TCP session hijacking is the name of misusing a valid compute session. The
most common method of hijacking is IP spoofing, and attackers use IP packets
to insert a command between two network nodes.
72) What are The Different Methods Of Session Hijacking?

35. Following are the common methods of session hijacking:
IP Spoofing
Blind Attack
Using packet Sniffers
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS Attack)
73) Define Hacking Tools?
Hacking tools are programming scripts and computer programs useful for
finding and exploiting the weaknesses in computer systems, servers, networks
or web applications. Many tools are available in the market, both free and paid
solutions for commercial use.
74) What are The Common Encryption Tools?
Following are the most common encryption tools:
RSA
AES
Twofish
Triple DES
75) Define Backdoor?
Backdoor term is used when a security mechanism is bypassed to access a
system by adopting malware technique.

36. 76) Is it a Good Way To Send Login Credentials Through Email?
No, sending your login credential through email is not recommended because
there are solid chances of email attacks.
77) What is The 80/20 Rule of Networking?
This networking rule is defined based on network traffic, in which 80% of all
network traffic should remain local while 20% of traffic should be routed
towards a permanent VPN.
78) What is WEP Cracking?
WEP cracking is a method used for a security breach in wireless networks.
Mainly, it is categorized into two types: Active cracking and Passive cracking.
79) What are The WEP cracking tools?
Following tools are commonly used in WEP cracking:

37. Aircrack
Kismet
WEPCrack
WebDecrypt
80) Define Security Auditing?
It is the internal inspection of operating systems and software applications for
security flaws.
The audit can be done through line-by-line code inspection.
81) What is Phishing?
Phishing is a technique used to obtain confidential information such as
username, password or credit card information.
82) Can You Define Nano-Scale Encryption?
Nano-scale encryption is a research area that provides robust security to
computers and prevents attacks.
83) What is Security Testing?
It is a type of software testing that ensures the applications and systems are
free from any vulnerabilities, risks or threats that may cause a big loss.
84) What is Security Scanning?
Security scanning is the name of identifying network and system weaknesses
to provide solutions for reducing these risks. It can be done for both manuals as
well as automated scanning.
85) What are The Available Hacking Tools?

38. Here is a list of useful hacking tools:
Acunetix
Burp Suite
Savvius
Probably
Netsparker
WebInspect
Angry IP scanner
86) What are The Disadvantages of Penetration Testing?
Following are the main disadvantages of testing:
Corruption and data loss
Higher downtime increases costs
It cannot find all vulnerabilities available in the system
There are many limitations such as budget, time, scope and skills of
testers
87) What is Security Threat?
It is a risk that can steal confidential data and harm computer systems,
networks, and organizations.
88) What are Physical Threats?
It is known as a potential cause of any incident that may result in physical
damage to your network or compute systems.
89) What are The Examples Of Non-Physical Threats?
Following are the common examples of non-physical threats:

39. Loss of confidential information
Corruption or loss of system data
Cyber Security Breaches
Disrupt business operations
Illegal monitoring of activities on computing devices
90) Do You Know About Trojan Virus?
It is a type of malware used to gain access to any computer using social
engineering techniques to execute the trojan virus on the system.
91) What is SQL Injection?
SQL injection is an attack that poisons malicious SQL statements to the
database by taking advantage of poorly designed web applications.
92) Enlist Security Vulnerabilities As Per Open Web Application Security Project
(OWASP)
Following are the security vulnerabilities as per OWASP:
SQL Injection
Cross-site request forgery
Insecure cryptographic storage
Failure to restrict URL access
Insufficient transport layer protection
Unvalidated redirects and forwards
Broken authentication and session management
93) What is an Access Token?
An access token is a credential that is used by a system to verify whether the
API should be granted to any particular object or not.

40. 94) What is ARP Poisoning?
Address Resolution Protocol poisoning is a type of attack in which the IP
address is converted to the physical address on a network device. The host will
send an ARP broadcast, and all receivers respond with their physical addresses.
In other words, ARP poisoning is the name of sending fake addresses to the
switch to associate the fake addresses with the IP address of a computer
connected to the network and hijack the traffic.
95) Enlist The Common Types of Non-Physical Threats:
Following are the common types of non-physical threats:
Trojans
Adware

41. Worms
Spyware
DoS Attack
Distributed DoS Attacks
Virus
Key loggers
Phishing
Unauthorized access to computer systems resources
96) What is The Sequence of a TCP Connection?
The sequence of a TCP connection (also known as a 3-way handshake) is SYN
SYN-ACK ACK.
97) What is Nmap?
Nmap is a network scanning tool that uses IP packets to identify all the
connected devices and deliver information on the operating systems they are
running.
98) What is The Use Of EtterPeak Tool?
It is a network analysis tool used to sniff packets of network traffic.
99) What are The Types of Cyber-Attacks?
Mainly, there are two types of cyber-attacks: web-based and system-based
attacks.
100) List Out Web-based Attacks
Common web-based attacks are SQL injection, Brute Force attack, Phishing,
DNS Spoofing, DoS and Dictionary attacks.

42. 101) Some examples of System-based Attacks
Following are the examples of system-based attacks:
Virus
Backdoors
Bots
Worm
102) List Out The Types of Cyber Attackers
Mainly, there are four types of cyber attackers: Cybercriminals, Hacktivists,
Insider threats, and State-sponsored attackers.
Final Words
Thank you for reading this lengthy blog, I would love to add your cyber security
interview questions provided in the comment section and appreciate your
valuable feedback. Best of Luck.
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