Socially-aware Traffic Management (Workshop Sozioinformatik)

1. Institute of Computer Science Chair of Communication Networks Prof. Dr.-Ing. P. Tran-Gia Socially-Aware Traffic Management Michael Seufert, George Darzanos, Valentin Burger, Ioanna Papafili, Tobias Hoßfeld www3.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de

2. Agenda 1. Traffic Management in the Internet 2. New Internet Applications 3. Social Awareness 4. Socially-Aware Traffic Management 5. EU FP7 Project SmartenIT 2 Michael Seufert 2

3. Traffic Management in the Internet    Broadband deployment makes Internet more efficient But traffic volumes on the Internet increase due to new applications or new service levels Traffic on the Internet has to be managed by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in order to  Avoid congestion  Deliver services in an acceptable quality  Save resources, energy, and costs  Methods for traffic management      Prioritization Routing Bandwidth shaping Caching Offloading 3 Michael Seufert 3

4. New Internet Applications  Trend: Applications are moved into the “cloud”           Video/music on demand Live video/HD TV/music streaming Video conferencing/VoIP Remote desktop Collaboration File storage/sharing Instant messaging Gaming Online social networks Changes in Internet structure and content delivery 4 Michael Seufert 4

5. Yesterday: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Content Provider Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 3 Tier 3 Tier 3 5 Michael Seufert 5

6. Yesterday: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic Traffic from content provider produces transit costs and may have high delay Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Content Provider Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 3 Tier 3 Tier 3 6 Michael Seufert 6

7. Changes: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Global Video CDN Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 3 Tier 3 Tier 3 7 Michael Seufert 7

8. Changes: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Content providers expand to global CDN to save transit costs and get content close to users Tier 1 ISP Global Video CDN Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 3 Tier 3 Tier 3 8 Michael Seufert 8

9. Changes: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Global Video CDN Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Global Video CDN Cache Tier 3 Tier 3 Tier 3 9 Michael Seufert 9

10. Changes: Internet Structure and VoD Traffic Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Global Video CDN Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Global Video CDN Cache Tier 3 Tier 3 Tier 2 Tier 2 Content providers offer ISP ISP local caching services to bring content closer to users and to save transit costs Tier 3 10 Michael Seufert 10

11. Social Awareness  Social signals are ubiquitous  Online Social Networks – Friendships – Interest – Trust-relevant metadata  Applications – Call/messaging patterns – Interaction patterns – Content popularity  Sensors – Location  Social awareness  Harvest social signals  Extract and exploit information   Goal: Improvement of a service 11 Michael Seufert 11

12. demand of item i λi(t) Online Social Network λi(t) Outlook: Towards Social Awareness  Use OSN information to predict demand of video i λi(t)  Pre-fetch trending videos  Improve local cache hit ratios  Use unutilized bandwidth in offpeak periods t User File-Storage Physical Network VoD AccessNetwork Content Distribution Network InternetExchange Point local cache capacitiy Γ(t) Access-Network 12 Michael Seufert 12

13. Socially-Aware Traffic Management  N. Sastry, E. Yoneki, J. Crowcroft, “Buzztraq: Predicting geographical access patterns of social cascades using social networks“, Proceedings of the Second ACM EuroSys Workshop on Social Network Systems, 2009 13 Michael Seufert 13

16. Socially-Aware Traffic Management  N. Sastry, E. Yoneki, J. Crowcroft, “Buzztraq: Predicting geographical access patterns of social cascades using social networks“, Proceedings of the Second ACM EuroSys Workshop on Social Network Systems, 2009  Prediction of future access to user generated content (e.g. videos)  Generation of hints for replica placement and/or cache replacement  Usually replica placement is based on access history (locations of previous users)  Add locations of potential future users (i.e., OSN friends of previous users) to account for social cascades  Social cascade prediction improves history-based placement if content mainly spreads virally  Useful for content which is not (yet) globally popular, otherwise CDN 16 Michael Seufert 16

17. Outlook: Exploiting Social Awareness Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Global Video CDN Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Global Video CDN Cache Tier 3 Tier 3 Tier 3 17 Michael Seufert 17

18. Outlook: Exploiting Social Awareness Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Global Video CDN Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Global Video CDN Cache Tier 3 User posts a video which will be watched by his friend the next day Tier 3 Tier 3 18 Michael Seufert 18

19. Outlook: Exploiting Social Awareness Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Video can be Tier 1 ISPtransmitted to cache during night (offpeak hours) Global Video CDN Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Global Video CDN Cache Tier 3 User posts a video which will be watched by his friend the next day Tier 3 Tier 3 19 Michael Seufert 19

20. Outlook: Exploiting Social Awareness Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Video can be Tier 1 ISPtransmitted to cache during night (offpeak hours) Global Video CDN Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 2 ISP When user wants to watch the video the next day, it is already in the cache Global Video CDN Cache Tier 3 User posts a video which will be watched by his friend the next day Tier 3 Tier 2 ISP Tier 3 20 Michael Seufert 20

21. SmartenIT  Socially-aware Management of New Overlay Application Traffic combined with Energy Efficiency in the Internet  EC FP7 STREP No. 317846, Duration: Nov 2012 – Oct 2015 10 European partners (academia, network and cloud operators) Incentive-compatible cross-layer traffic management for    Cloud service providers  ISPs  End-users  Exploitation of social awareness  User relations  Interests  Focus on energy efficiency 21 Michael Seufert 21

22. Discussion  Which services can benefit from socially-aware traffic management?  Traffic and requirement prediction  Trusted communication  …  Which social information is needed?  Detail level  Time scale  …  How to collect this social information?       Social signals from various platforms Collaboration with OSN Crawling of data Incentives for users to share their data … What about users„ privacy? 22 Michael Seufert 22

23. 23 Michael Seufert

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