motivational theories
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i consider various theories of motivation including its meaning and why it is important for the organisation
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motivational theories
- 1. Motivational Theories PRESENTED BY: SHIVA RANI RESEARCH SCHOLAR DOBM, HNB GARHWAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY, SRINAGAR, UTTARAKHAND
- 2. Motivation Motivation is a driving force which affects the choice of alternatives in the behavior of a person. It improve, stimulates and induces employees leading to goal-oriented behavior The Three key elements of our definition : Intensity It is concerned with how hard a person tries. This is the element most of us focus on when we talk about motivation. Direction The direction is the orientation that benefits the organization. Persistence It is a measure of how long a person can maintain his or her effort.
- 3. Importance of Motivation High performance level Low employee turnover and absenteeism Acceptability to change Better industrial result
- 5. Need Hierarchy Theory Theory was proposed by Abraham Maslow Focus on describing the stage of growth of humans He suggest that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advance need.
- 6. Individual level Organizational level Self Actualization Esteem Need Affiliation/Belongines s Need Safety Need Basic Physiological Need Self Fulfillment Status Friendship Stability of Income Hunger Achievement of goals Job Title Cordial relationship with colleagues Job Security Basic Salary
- 7. Critical Analysis Maslow theory has been widely appreciated. Theory is simple common and easily understandable Present motivation as a changing force Satisfaction of need influence the behavior People need in hierarchical in order
- 8. Criticism Satisfied need can no longer motivates people; only next higher level need motivate him Lack of hierarchy No direct cause and effect relationship No specified definition No use in operationalization
- 9. Herzberg’s MotivationTheory –Two FactorTheory In this theory of work motivation, employees were given a questionnaire to understand: The factors that make employees extremely dissatisfied with their environment and workplace. The factors that make employees extremely satisfied with their environment and workplace. The reasons which give rise to satisfaction, Herzberg termed them as motivators, and those resulting in dissatisfaction are called as hygiene factors.
- 12. Critical Analysis Following aspect which would consider by H-H theory This model applied in industry and has given several new sight It show the value of job satisfaction. Problem solving model Helps to understand human behavior
- 13. Criticism Narrow scope Herzberg assumed that satisfaction is productivity. Ambiguity leads to different interpretation The overall methodology of the theory was questioned
- 14. Equity theory: Theory was proposed by John S. Adam Employee have the tendency to compare their job input to the output Input Effort Experience Skills Education Output Salary Appraisal Recognition
- 16. The following figure shows the results of comparisons:
- 17. Thus, inequity as a motivation force will act as follows:
- 18. Reinforcement Theory Proposed by B.F Skinner The theory state that individual’s Behavior is a function of its consequence It is law of effect Individual’s behavior with positive consequences tends to be repeated