Automation

1. Presented By:
Rajesh Raushan
Roll No: PU-160591108A2
B.E. /EC/7th sem./ 4th yr.
People’s University

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Definition of automation
Types of Automation
Control system
Plc
Programming of plc
Advantages and disadvantages of plc
SCADA
Features of SCADA
Automation technology
Application

3. INTRODUCTION
Automation is encompassing virtually every
walk of life.
Automation solutions are required right from
agricultural to space technology.
Plant Automation is the necessity for the
manufacturing industry to survive in
today’s globally competitive market

4. Automation is basically the delegation of human
control function to technical equipment for:
Increasing Productivity
Increasing Quality
 Reducing Cost
Increasing Safety in working conditions

5. 5
USE OF AUTOMATION

6. 6
TYPES OF AUTOMATION
Building automation
Example: lifts, smoke detectors
Office automation
Example: printers, cctv cameras
Scientific automation
Example: rocket launching
Light automation
Example: street solar lightening
Industrial automation
Example: automated bottle filling stations , steel
factories etc

7. INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
The use of Computerized or robotic devices to
complete manufacturing task.
PLANT
FIELD
INSTRUME
NT
CONTROL SYSTEM
HARDWARE
CONTROL
SOFTWARE
CONTROL

8. CONTROL SYSTEM
Manual control
Pneumatic control
Hard wired logic control
Electronics control
PLC control.

9. PLC
A PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers) is an industrial
computer used to monitor inputs, and depending upon
their state make decisions based on its program or logic,
to control (turn on/off) its outputs to automate a
machine or a process.

10. PLCS

11. MAJOR COMPONENT OF PLC
PROCESSOR
POWER
SUPPLY
I M
N O
P D
U U
T L
E
O M
U O
T D
P U
U L
T E
PROGRAMMING
DEVICE
From
SENSORS
Pushbuttons,
contacts,
limit switches,
etc.
To
OUTPUT
Solenoids,
contactors,
alarms
etc.

12. Programming language in plc
Ladder Logic ( LAD/LD )
Structured Text ( ST)
Instruction List ( IL )
Sequential Function Chart ( SFC )
Function Block Diagram ( FBD )

13. A B Logic(Y)
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
AND Gate
A B Y
A B Logic(Y)
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
ON
ON
OR Gate
A
B
Y

14. NOR Gate
A B Y
A B Logic(Y)
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
ON
ON
ON
OFF
A B Logic(Y)
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
NAND Gate
B
Y
A

15. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A PLC
Outputs
LEDs
Inputs

16. Ladder Logic Program for Start/Stop of Motor :
X2
X1
Y1
Y1

17. PROGRAMMING PLC:

18. STARTING OF MOTOR:

19. Continuous Running of motor when Start Button is
released:

20. TO STOP THE MOTOR :

21.  Reliability.
 Flexibility in programming and reprogramming.
 Cost effective for controlling complex systems.
 Small physical size, shorter project time.
 High speed of operation.
 Ability to communicate with computer systems in the
plant.
 Ease of maintenance /troubleshooting.
 Reduced space.
 Energy saving.

22. DISADVANTAGES OF PLCS
PLC devices are proprietary it means that part or
software of one manufacturer can’t be used in
combination with parts of another manufacturer.
Limited design and cost option
Fixed Circuit Operations.
PLCs manufacturers offer only closed architectures.

23. Wherever automation is desired the PLCs are best
suited to meet the task.
Few examples of industries where PLCs are used :
1) Robots manufacturing and control
2) Car park control
3) Train control station system
4) Food processing
5) Materials handling
6)Machine tools
7)Conveyer system etc.

24. SCADA
 Stands for Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition
Software.
 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System
refers to a system that enables an electric utility
to monitor, coordinate, control and operate
distribution components and devices in a real-time
mode from remote locations with acquisition of data
for analysis and planning, from one central location

25. FEATURES OF SCADA
 Dynamic process graphic
 Real-time and Historical trending
 Alarms
 Recipe Management
 Security
 Device connectivity
 Script for logic development
 Database connectivity

26. LEADING SCADA SOFTWARE
 Wonderware : InTouch
 Intellution : Fix DMACS
 Merz : Aspic
 Allen Bradley : Rsview
 Siemens : WinCC
 GE Fanuc : Cimplicity
 KPIT : ASTRA

27. ADVANCE AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY
Control Pannel
SCADA software
Field bus scanner
Smart Transmitters Placed in the field

28. ADVANTAGES
Accurate and consistent
information
Faster fault identification
Improved availability of system Increased Production

29. ADVANTAGES
Reduced Cost
Maintenance of Quality & Quantity
Improved Safety Conditions

30. DISADVANTAGES
 The main disadvantages of automation are:
 Technology limits: Current technology is unable to automate
all the desired tasks.
 Unpredictable development costs:The research and
development cost of automating a process is difficult to
predict accurately beforehand. Since this cost can have a
large impact on profitability, it's possible to finish
automating a process only to discover that there's no
economic advantage in doing so.
 Initial costs are relatively high: The automation of a new
product required a huge initial investment in comparison
with the unit cost of the product, although the cost of
automation is spread in many product batches

31. APPLICATION
1. Automated Video surveillance
2.Automated Highway Systems

32. APPLICATION
3.Automated manufacturing 4.Home Automation

33. Thank You!!!

34. QUERIES