Hoyt sector model , Bid rent curve and kevin lynch on the city ujjain

1. PLANNING
THEORIES IN THE
CITY UJJAIN
Submitted to ALKA BHARAT MA’AM
submitted by PRAVEEN MUKATI 141109029
MAULANA AZAD NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
BHOPAL (M.P)

2. INTRODUCTION
• Ujjain (also known as Ujjaini, Avanti) is an ancient city of central India, in the
Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh. Situated on the eastern bank of the
Kshipra River, the city was called Ujjayini in ancient times .
• It is one of the seven sacred cities of the Hindus, and the Kumbh Mela
religious festival is held here every twelve years.
• the city has been a seat of learning where all disciplines of knowledge have
flourished since time immemorial. Great poets like Vedavyasa and Kalidasa
have eulogized the city.
• The holy city of Ujjain is a popular religious centre, well known for its
temples.
• a major trading centre in agriculture produce and is the second largest city of
"Indore Agro Industrial Region
• developed into two parts: old city having Mahakaal tempt he strong religious
and heritage image of the city.
• markets and trade are the main resources of economy for Ujjain

4. LINKAGES OF CITY
• Ujjain is the only place of great sanctity and hence attracts devotees for almost
all The major festivals like Amavasya, Shivaratri, Panchakroshi, Nagpanchami
etc. Thus, there are occasional peak demands on the transport network.
• Ujjain region would include the seven districts of Indore, Ujjain, Dewas,
Mandsaur, Ratlam, Dhahran Jhabua.Along with Indore and Dewas,
• Ujjain is among the three most important centers in this region Bhopal Ratlam
broad-gauge railway line passes through it and the NH3 is only35 kms, away.
Besides the sensational connections, there are many state level highways
linking it to the major regional and state centers

5. UJJAIN PLANNING AREA AND
MUNICIPAL AREA
• The Ujjain municipal area has 54 wards with a total area of 9268.10
hectare (92.68 sq.kms) and population of 430427 according to 2001
census.
STAGES OF GROWTH-
• Pre 1938 period: During this period, Ujjain was the capital of Lashkar or
Gwalior. It was under the rule of Scindias’. UJJAIN developed its identity
as a great religious and cultural centre as well as an emerging centre for
the textile industry.
• 1938 to 1968: the emergence of Freeganj area as a major commercial
area. Major educational institutions like Vikram University, Government
polytechnic, Engineering College and Industrial Training Institute also
came up.

6. • 1968 to 1979: residential and industrial areas was followed by
developments in NE and NW parts.
• 1979 to 1985: in residential, institutional and industrial areas occurred in
the northeast followed by development in residential areas increase in
the southeast.
• UDA Came up and public housing became a major criterion for
development. New private residential colonies started coming up

7. COMPARE CITY UJJAIN WITH HOYT
SECTOR MODEL
• Ujjain city which has a settlement pattern which is along the transport
routes like railways and roads and river the growth of the city is in linear
and wedge-shaped pattern.
• city started developing on southern side during Scindias period and
grown in a horizontal or ribbon like form along the railway line.
• city follows the Hoyt sector model theory because of the settlement
pattern of the city is along the railway line.
• is connected to various major nodes in the region through five radial
roads and a broad gauge railway line to Bhopal.

8. UJJAIN HOYT SECTOR MODEL

9. SECTOR MODEL
• Theory of urban structure also known as Hoyt Model developed in 1939
by Homer Hoyt states that a city develops in sectors, not rings certain
areas are more attractive for different activities because of an
environmental factor or by mere chance.
• Hoyt modified the concentric zone model to account for major
transportation routes according to these model most major cities evolved
around the nexus of several important transport facilities such as
railroads, sea ports, and trolley lines that emanated from the city's
center.
• Hoyt theorized that cities would tend to grow in wedge-shaped patterns,
or sectors, emanating from the CBD and centered on major
transportation route

10. CONTI….
• The theory is based on early twentieth century rail transport and
does not make allowances for private cars that
enable commuting from cheaper land outside city boundaries.
This occurred in Calgary in the 1930s when many near-
slums were established outside the city but close to the termini of
the street car lines. These are now incorporated into the city
boundary but are pockets of low cost housing in medium cost
areas.

11. GROWTH PATTERN OF THE CITY
• . The city has developed in the form of sectors’
• The city can be clearly divided into two parts -One being the old city,
which lies north of the Broad gauge railway line: This comprises of the
old historic and religious area along with the old industrial area.
-The other being the new area : started developing with the construction of
the railway bridge in 1930’s. of Freegunj area as a residential and
commercial area, accessible by three major roads: Dewas road, Maksi
road and Indore road
• The development of this area has been dictated by the flow of river
Kshipra, the location and pilgrimage routes of the historic temples

12. GROWTH PATTERN OF THE CITY
ANCIENT HISTORY

13. WEDGE PATTERN
ALONG WITH RADIAL SHAPE OF
THE CITY

14. KEVIN LYNCH IMAGE OF CITY
• The built form of Ujjain is mosaic of
various periods of building construction
• densely located buildings which open
out on narrow streets.
• building shows amalgamation of
Maratha and Rajput architecture with
timber detailing
• developing on southern side during
Scindias period with the development of
Freeganj. It has grown in a horizontal or
ribbon like form along the railway line.
• The Kothi Palace of Scindias is an
amalgamation of Rajput and gothic
styles and has an entrance influenced by
the Buckingham palace.

15. KEVIN LYNCH IMAGE OF CITY

16. ABOUT THE HERITAGE
• Ujjain represents a city rich in both heritage and religion, bound together
by a culture Drooped in history and tradition so rich that some of its
elements are part the most popular Indian legends and consciousness.
• Ujjain in the Development Plan the basic cultural units of the sacred
landscape of Ujjain are Identified as 18 Heritage Zones/Areas or Kshetra
as shown in the map
• Heritage is the raw material for attracting the tourists and Development
of Heritage for tourist Consumption is incorporated in the plan so as to
reap the benefits of the investments in Heritage conservation

17. HERITAGE KSHETRA OVER THE
LAND USE MAP

18. BID RENT THEORY
(ALONSO 1964)

19. • As we compare bid rent theory with the Ujjain city in which city
centre is the centre of employment as we move from the CBD the
cost of transportation increase and land prices in CBD will
decreases.
• Most of retails shops and industries, offices were located in the
centre of the city , all compete for the most accessible land within the
CBD.
• Land users all compete for the most accessible land within the
CBD. The amount they are willing to pay is called "bid rent". The
poorest houses and buildings would be on the very outskirts of the
Ujjain city.
• Agricultural production is more in the Ujjain city people from outer Areas
or village came from Ujjain city for the selling of goods. The City is major
trading centre in agriculture produces and is the second largest city of
"Indore Agro Industrial Region”. Tourism, Agricultural markets and trade
are the main resources of economy for Ujjain