Presentation from a talk I gave at the Nottingham AI meetup. In this talk I explored some of the practical applications of medical AI, the research surrounding this exciting field and the potential for AI to be utilised as a support tool in healthcare and medicine. The talk will take high level view of the technology and it's application as apposed to a low level technical analysis, making it accessible to everyone.

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Medical AI & Healthcare Support
Nottingham AI
February 28, 2017

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Why Care About Chronic Illness?
Long term chronic disease is one of the
biggest challenges health systems, globally,
will face during the twenty-first century.

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What we are dealing with
89% of Deaths
Each Year
~15 Million in
England
12% of
Premature
Deaths
“Tobacco use, physical inactivity,
the harmful use of alcohol and
unhealthy diets all increase the
risk of dying from an NCD.”
*UK Figures

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Three Areas of Focus
Diet and Nutrition
Lifestyle and
Self-management
Patient Monitoring
and Insight

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Artificial Intelligence and Medicine
● Researchers have been talking about this since the 1950s
● Successfully implimented in 1976
● Research is fosucing on a number of areas including
diagnostics, prognostics and clinical support.
● Research is looking into specific diseases.

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AI in clinical care
Johnson et al. (2016) conducted a thorough review of Machine Learning in critical care
(ICU).
The challenge:
● Data comes from a variety of different departments
● Data is often missing or corrupted
● It’s an environment that lends itself to human error
Conclusion:
● Machine Learning is effective in gathering, analysing, interpreting and presenting a
wide range of clinical data in a relevant and useable format.

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AI in Diagnostic
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and a Probabilistic Neural
Network (PNN) used to diagnose IBD.
98.31% Rate of Accuracy.

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AI in Prognostics
The Fight Aginst Drug Resistant Bacteria.
Hidden Markov and Fuzzy logic can help
determine proper antibiotic dosage.

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AI in Healthcare Support
Case Based Reasoniong is being used in the fight against diabetes.

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AI in Healthcare Support
AI and the Xbox Kinect helping to treat Parkinson's

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Where are we going?
“We are moving towards an era of Cognitive Systems”
Dr Laura Haas, IBM
Future Technology Conference
San Francisco 2016

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References:
● SAIConference, Cognitive Computing - Laura Haas, IBM. 2016.
● ‘WHO | Noncommunicable diseases’, WHO. [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int/nmh/en/. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2017].
● ‘2010 to 2015 government policy: long term health conditions - GOV.UK’. [Online]. Available:
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/2010-to-2015-government-policy-long-term-health-conditions/2010-to-2015-government-
policy-long-term-health-conditions. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2017].
● ‘NHS Outcomes Framework 2016 to 2017 - GOV.UK’. [Online]. Available: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-outcomes-
framework-2016-to-2017. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2017].
● ‘The Evolution of Bacteria on a “Mega-Plate” Petri Dish (Kishony Lab) - YouTube’. [Online]. Available: https://www.youtube.com/. [Accessed:
28-Feb-2017].
● A. P. Eremeev and V. N. Vagin, ‘Common Sense Reasoning in Diagnostic Systems’, 2011.

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Nader Al-Shamma
Nadershamma.com
@nadershamma
uk.linkedin.com/in/nadershamma