1. Chemical Reactions

3. Reactants Products

19. Synthesis Reaction A B + The general equation is A + B  AB also called Combination Reactions 2 substances combine to make one compound A B A

21. Synthesis Reaction HCl (g) + NH 3(g)  NH 4 Cl (s)

23. The general equation is : AB -> A + B A reaction where a more complex molecule breaks down to form two or more simpler products Decomposition Reaction A B + A B A

24. 2NH 4 NO 3(s)  4H 2 O (g) + 2N 2(g) + O 2(g) + energy Decomposition Reaction Timothy McVeigh bombing, 1995 Regular building demolition with ammonium nitrate explosives

33. Single Displacement Reaction Hg(NO 3 ) 2(aq) + 2Ag (s)  Hg (s) + 2AgNO 3(aq) Will this reaction occur? Both of these reactions do not occur. H 2(g) + ZnCl 2(aq)  2HCl (aq) + Zn (s) What about this reaction?

34. The “Activity Series” of Halogens Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Halogens can replace other halogens in compounds, provided they are above the halogen they are trying to replace in the periodic table. 2NaCl (s) + F 2(g)  2NaF (s) + Cl 2(g) MgCl 2(s) + Br 2(g)  ??? No Reaction! ??? Higher Activity Lower Activity

36. Double Displacement Reaction AD + BC  AC + BD Two compounds switch parts to make two new compounds the general equation is : AB + CD -> AD + CB + B C B + A C A A D A B D B

37. Double Displacement Reaction sodium chloride and silver fluoride react to form sodium fluoride and silver chloride in this double displacement reaction

39. Double Displacement Reaction Pb(NO 3 ) 2(aq) + 2KI (aq)  PbI 2(s) + 2KNO 3(aq)

44. Combustion Reaction fuel O 2 + A reaction of a fuel with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat and/or light X y O z + energy

45. Combustion Reaction

46. Combustion Reaction Element + O 2  “oxide” + energy 2Mg (s) + O 2(g)  2MgO (s) + energy P 4(s) + 5O 2(g)  P 4 O 10(g) + energy

50. Incomplete Combustion If there is not enough oxygen, then incomplete combustion occurs producing poisonous carbon monoxide gas (which is invisible and has no odor, colour or taste). It is especially dangerous when produced indoors, by damaged furnaces or the burning of fuels indoors. Hydrocarbon + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + carbon monoxide + carbon + energy Ex. C 4 H 10(g) + 5O 2(g)  2CO 2(g) + 5H 2 O (g) + CO (g) + C (s) + energy POISONOUS!!! BLACK!!!

57. End of Chapter 11 Let’s do some examples together of net ionic equations, starting with these reactants: BaCl 2 + AgNO 3 -> NaCl + Ba(NO 3 ) 2 ->