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NAME: Ellen Magalona
GNDR: FML
BRTHDY: FEB. 1998
@ellenmaaee
2. Intro to Deep Blue
• Deep Blue is a scaled- up version of a machine called “Deep
Thought”, built by Carnegie Mellon University.
• Deep Thought is depended on special-purpose chips, each
wired like a chessboard, circuitry on the squares, wires
running like chess moves, could evaluate a position and find
all legal moves from it in one electronic flash.
• In 1997 Deep Blue had 256 such chips, orchestrated by a 32-
processor mini-supercomputer. It examined 200 million chess
positions a second.
• Chess programs, on unaided general-purpose computers,
average about 16 000 instructions per position examined
4. HOW DEEP BLUE WORKS
•Deep Blue's ability to play chess is its evaluation
function that measures the "goodness" of a given
chess position.
•Deep Blue's evaluation function looks at four
basic chess values: Material, Position, King
Safety and Tempo.
•Deep Blue uses "live" software that can actually
generate up to 200,000,000 positions per
second when searching for the optimum move.
5. DEEP BLUE MATCH WITH KASPAROV
•Deep Blue won the first game of the 1996
match. But, Kasparov quickly found the
machine’s weaknesses, and drew two and
won three of the remaining games.
•In May 1997 he met an improved version of
the machine. He prepared for the computer
match for months. Kasparov lost the game
with 1 win, 3 draws and 2 losses.
6.
7. • . But Kasparov reported signs of mind in the machine,
he worried there might be humans behind the scenes,
feeding Deep Blue strategic insights
• Bobby Fischer, the U.S. chess great of the 1970s, his
consternation, he saw instead an “alien intelligence.”
• The team that built Deep Blue claim no “intelligence”
for it, only a large database of opening and end games,
scoring and deepening functions turned with the advice
of consulting grandmasters, and especially, raw speed
that allows the machine to look ahead an average of
fourteen half-moves per turn. Deep Blue was not
designed to think like a human, to form abstract
strategies or see patterns as it races through thee move/
DEEP BLUE MATCH WITH KASPAROV
8.
9. HARDWARE OF THE DEEP BLUE
•Deep Blue[2] is a massively parallel computer that
was solely designed to play chess. It features 30
processor nodes
•In addition it has two other databases. The Extended
book and the Endgame database are used to guide its
moves during mid and endgame. In order to
determine the next move Deep Blue utilizes a
massively parallel search engine that tries to look
several moves ahead. An evaluation function is
employed to determine the value of a given position.
-Material is based on the "worth" of particular chess pieces.
-Position is by looking at your pieces and counting the number of safe squares they can attack.
-King Safety is a defensive aspect of position.
-Tempo is related to position but focuses on the race to develop control of the board.
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The software begins this process by taking a strategic look at the board. It then computes everything it knows about the current position
and then generates a multitude of new possible arrangements.
From these, it then chooses its best possible next move.
-each node contains on multi-purpose CPU and 16 chess chips, which are specifically designed to do chess search operations.
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-However, most of the time Deep Blue works independent of those databases and just uses them as additional input in its decision making process.
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-Extended book included some specific openings against Kasparov, but they were apparently not used in any of the matches.
-The endgame database contains special scenario for plays with six or less pieces.